Conservation Detection Dogs Increase Efficacy for Prey Detection at Carnivore GPS Cluster Sites During Summer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Petroelje ◽  
Nicholas L. Fowler ◽  
Todd M. Kautz ◽  
Ashley L. Lutto ◽  
Gregory A. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Detection

The use of acoustical cues for prey detection by the Indian False Vampire Bat,Megaderma lyra

1987 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Marimuthu ◽  
G. Neuweiler
Keyword(s):  
Prey Detection ◽  
Acoustical Cues ◽  
Vampire Bat ◽  
Megaderma Lyra

scholarly journals CO2-driven decrease in pH disrupts olfactory behaviour and increases individual variation in deep-sea hermit crabs

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Won Kim ◽  
Josi Taylor ◽  
Chris Lovera ◽  
James P. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Metabolic Performance ◽  
Olfactory Behaviour

Abstract Deep-sea species are generally thought to be less tolerant of environmental variation than shallow-living species due to the relatively stable conditions in deep waters for most parameters (e.g. temperature, salinity, oxygen, and pH). To explore the potential for deep-sea hermit crabs (Pagurus tanneri) to acclimate to future ocean acidification, we compared their olfactory and metabolic performance under ambient (pH ∼7.6) and expected future (pH ∼7.1) conditions. After exposure to reduced pH waters, metabolic rates of hermit crabs increased transiently and olfactory behaviour was impaired, including antennular flicking and prey detection. Crabs exposed to low pH treatments exhibited higher individual variation for both the speed of antennular flicking and speed of prey detection, than observed in the control pH treatment, suggesting that phenotypic diversity could promote adaptation to future ocean acidification.

Predator and prey detection in two species of water bear (Tardigrada)

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 860-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry A Meyer ◽  
Hannah E Larsen ◽  
Nézira O Akobi ◽  
Garret Broussard
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Petri Dishes

Abstract Tardigrade behavioural studies have focused on responses to abiotic environmental conditions. Predator–prey interactions have received some attention, but not how predators and prey might detect one another. Here, we investigate whether a predatory tardigrade species is attracted to, and a potential prey tardigrade avoids, areas previously occupied by the other. In our experiments, Milnesium lagniappe was the predator and Macrobiotus acadianus the prey. Petri dishes with non-nutrient agar were used as experimental arenas. In one treatment, we allowed Macrobiotus to roam over half of the agar for 20 h, while leaving the other half free of Macrobiotus. We then removed the prey and introduced the predator. In the control treatment, no prey were added. Results indicated that Milnesium individuals were significantly concentrated in the area previously occupied by Macrobiotus, whereas no such concentration was evident when Macrobiotus had not been present. A similar protocol was used to test whether Macrobiotus avoided areas previously occupied by the predator. As expected, Macrobiotus were significantly concentrated in the area never occupied by Milnesium, unlike the control treatment. These results suggest that both species can detect the other without physical contact and react accordingly. Given that the experiments were conducted in darkness, detection is probably olfactory.

Prey Detection by Bats and Owls

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Moiseff ◽  
Tim Haresign
Keyword(s):  
Prey Detection

Perch time allocation and feeding efficiency of flycatching Rhinolophus formosae: an optimal foraging behavior?

BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Fu Lee ◽  
Yen-Min Kuo ◽  
Wen-Chen Chu ◽  
Yu-Hsiu Lin ◽  
Hsiang-Yi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Mean Residence Time ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Horseshoe Bats

Abstract Background Flycatching bats are species-rare and comprise predominantly horseshoe bats (Rhinolophidae). Their hang-and-wait foraging mode and long constant-frequency echolocation calls offer advantages in energetics and prey detection, and may enable them apt to foraging optimally, yet not much is known about the foraging behavior of flycatching bats. Thus we assessed the perch use and foraging performance in the field by one of the largest horseshoe bats, Rhinolophus formosae, and offered insights on their perch time allocation. Results The perching-foraging behaviors of the bats did not differ significantly between forest settings, but the residence and giving-up time, mean attack, and attack rate were higher in the late spring-early summer, whereas the mean capture, capture rate, and attack efficiency were lower in the late summer when volant juveniles joined the nocturnal activity. The bats maintained flycatching and exhibited largely similar attack rates through the night with peak residence time around the midnight, but the capture rate and attack efficiency both reduced toward midnight and then increased toward the hours right before dawn. The attack rate was negatively correlated to the number of perches used and perch switch; by contrast, the capture rate was positively correlated with both factors. The total residence time at a site increased but mean residence time per perch decreased as the number of perches used and perch-switch increased. The giving-up time was inversely correlated to the attack rate and attack efficiency, and decreased with an increasing capture rate. Conclusions The bats increased perch switch at lower attack rates in early spring, but switched less frequently in late spring and prime summer months when insect abundance is higher. By scanning through a broad angular range for prey detection, and switching more frequently among perches, R. formosae foraged with an increased capture rate, and were able to remain at the site longer by slightly reducing their mean residence time per perch. Our results concur with the predictions of optimal foraging theory for patch selection and offer implications for further exploration of the foraging behavior of flycatching horseshoe bats.

scholarly journals Visual modelling supports the potential for prey detection by means of diurnal active photolocation in a small cryptobenthic fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Paul Bitton ◽  
Sebastian Alejandro Yun Christmann ◽  
Matteo Santon ◽  
Ulrike K. Harant ◽  
Nico K. Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Prey Detection

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Greater Sage-Grouse Nests in Relatively Contiguous Sagebrush Habitats

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Holloran ◽  
Stanley H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Centrocercus Urophasianus ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Nesting Habitat ◽  
Nesting Site ◽  
Low Probability

Abstract Degradation of nesting habitat has been proposed as a factor contributing to Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population declines throughout North America. Delineating suitable nesting habitat across landscapes with relatively contiguous sagebrush cover is difficult but important to identify areas for protection. We used radio-telemetry to locate Greater Sage-Grouse nests in relatively contiguous sagebrush habitats in Wyoming to investigate the spatial arrangement of nests relative to lek and other nest locations. Nest distributions were spatially related to lek location within 3 and 5 km of a lek, and a 5-km buffer included 64% of the nests. There was no relationship between lek size and lek-to-nest distance, suggesting that accurate population trend evaluation might require lek surveys in addition to lek counts. Closest known lek-to-nest distance was greater for successfully hatched compared to destroyed nests, and closely spaced nests tended to experience lower success and have higher probabilities of both nests experiencing the same fate compared to isolated nests, suggesting that a mechanism of enhanced prey detection occurred at higher nest densities. A low probability that a given individual's consecutive-year nest spacing occurred randomly suggested nesting site-area fidelity. Although a grouped pattern of nests occurred within 5 km of a lek, the proportion of nesting females located farther than 5 km could be important for population viability. Managers should limit strategies that negatively influence nesting habitat regardless of lek locations, and preserve adequate amounts of unaltered nesting habitat within treatment boundaries to maintain nest dispersion and provide sites for philopatric individuals.

scholarly journals Prey detection in carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in woodland ecosystems by PCR analysis of gut contents

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucija SERIC JELASKA ◽  
Damjan FRANJEVIC ◽  
Sven D. JELASKA ◽  
William O.C. SYMONDSON
Keyword(s):  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Prey Detection

Prey Detection by the Sand Scorpion

1984 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. 86-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Brownell
Keyword(s):  
Prey Detection
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