Universal models in categories for process synchronization

1987 ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Anna Labella ◽  
Alberto Pettorossi
Keyword(s):  
Process Synchronization ◽  
Universal Models

Computing Cores for Existential Rules with the Standard Chase and ASP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Krötzsch
Keyword(s):  
Large Class ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Answer Set Programming ◽  
Query Answering ◽  
Universal Model ◽  
The Core ◽  
Universal Models ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The Many

To reason with existential rules (a.k.a. tuple-generating dependencies), one often computes universal models. Among the many such models of different structure and cardinality, the core is arguably the “best”. Especially for finitely satisfiable theories, where the core is the unique smallest universal model, it has advantages in query answering, non-monotonic reasoning, and data exchange. Unfortunately, computing cores is difficult and not supported by most reasoners. We therefore propose ways of computing cores using practically implemented methods from rule reasoning and answer set programming. Our focus is on cases where the standard chase algorithm produces a core. We characterise this desirable situation in general terms that apply to a large class of cores, derive concrete approaches for decidable special cases, and generalise these approaches to non-monotonic extensions of existential rules.

Beyond one-way streets: The interaction of phonology, morphology, and culture with orthography

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine E. L. Beveridge ◽  
Thomas H. Bak
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Universal Models ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Diverse Data ◽  
Models Of Reading

AbstractFrost's claim that universal models of reading require linguistically diverse data is relevant and justified. We support it with evidence demonstrating the extent of the bias towards some Indo-European languages and alphabetic scripts in scientific literature. However, some of his examples are incorrect, and he neglects the complex interaction of writing system and language structure with history and cultural environment.

scholarly journals Metaphorical Nomination in IT Terminology in Lithuanian and English Languages

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
Vilija Celiešienė ◽  
Saulutė Juzelėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Major Part ◽  
World View ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Universal Models ◽  
Mode Of Life

Abstract Metaphorical nomination is peculiar in every language, it is related to reality and world view perception, it also reveals the traits of nation mentality. However, there are universal models of metaphorical nomination. In both languages, special concepts can be nominated according to similar areas, e.g. human body, its physiological and mental peculiarities, mode of life, fauna, flora, objects of natural world, etc. The aim of this article is to analyse tendencies of metaphorical nominations in IT terminology in English and Lithuanian languages, reveal universalities and peculiarities of metaphorical nomination models. Research data of Lithuanian metaphorical terms and their English equivalents show that semantic loan-words constitute the major part of Lithuanian metaphorical terms. Consequently, their metaphorical meanings are borrowed but a substantial part of them are fairly motivated in the Lithuanian language and only a small part of them have a doubtful motivation. Having analysed various ways of metaphorical transference it is possible to claim that figurative nomination of concepts is the most universal with reference to flora names and items of mode of life. It is noted that there is a tendency to nominate concepts meaning particular objects in both English and Lithuanian languages whereas analogies of abstract things are less abundant.

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