Efficient compilation of first order predicates

Author(s):  
Giuseppe Attardi ◽  
Mauro Gaspari ◽  
Pietro Iglio
Author(s):  
Daniel Harbour

This chapter considers the broader lessons that might be drawn from the current study of person. It draws out the core commonalities between the person and number features that have been proposed: that features are “operations” richer than first-order predicates held together by conjunction; that they are not subject to extrinsic constraints on order of composition or co-occurrence; and that there are semantic and morphological grounds for representing features of both kinds bivalently. The consequences of this study might ramify beyond linguistics by altering our understanding of and means of investigating the language of thought and the nature and evolution of mind. The author asserts, contrary to widespread opinion, minds do leave fossils, but these are to be sought, not by paleoanthropologists sifting through the archeological record, but by cognitive scientists, including linguists, via our theories of the structure of the mind itself.


Author(s):  
Daniel Harbour

Traditional accounts of person assume that features denote first order predicates, that their values denote one-place truth functors, and that feature bundles are held together semantically by conjunction. Crucially, conjunction is a commutative operation, unlike those belonging to the current theory. The current chapter explores the consequences of semantics commutativity for theories of person features. Reviewing a range of influential accounts, it shows that these are accounts undergenerate if given only two features, but overgenerate if given more, and that means of trimming the generative excess are unsatisfactory. The chapter also compares three analyses of Bininj-Gunwok, which has a tripartite person for objects but quadripartite for person, arguing that the smallest feature inventory yields the most compact account.


2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 417-435
Author(s):  
ZHIYUAN LI ◽  
JUNJIE GU

Automatic parallelization of large and complex program regions requires the compiler to reason about complex semantic information. This paper describes a hierarchical reasoning system implemented within the Panorama parallelizing compiler. This reasoning system intelligently and efficiently extracts useful semantic information in the form of first-order predicates from program statements. It uses a hierarchical structure to represent the predicates, which enables fast determination of their truth in common cases. A hierarchical value graph facilitates rule-based, demand-driven retrieval of useful predicates.


Linguistica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-209
Author(s):  
Marijana Marelj

This paper deals with morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of the so-called Cognate Object Construction with particular reference to Serbo-Croatian and Slovene. The relevance of an examination of such morphologically robust languages is manifold. It facilitates an understanding of some of the puzzling properties of the construction cross linguistically, offers a way of explaining the noted disagreement regarding judgments found in the literature on Germanic languages such as English and also presents a clear case where (contrary to the dominant view in the literature) morphology seems to deceive, rather than inform us, about syntax. Based on a barrage of tests, I argue that there are two types of cognate objects: arguments and non-arguments. Extending the treatment of modifiers within the Davidsonian tradition to the latter, I analyse them as first-order predicates. This allows me to capture their core properties, among which is the obligatory modification, something unaccounted for in the literature. The semantic parallelism between the adverbial modifiers and non-ACOs extends to the syntax as well. Treating non-ACOs as adjuncts solves the problem of the scarcity of syntactic space that arises with unaccusative verbs that license them. ACOs, on the other hand, behave syntactically and semantically like run-of-the-mill arguments and a run-of-the-mill transitive syntax can be maintained (for a majority of them) instead.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.


1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Hart

ABSTRACTThis paper models maximum entropy configurations of idealized gravitational ring systems. Such configurations are of interest because systems generally evolve toward an ultimate state of maximum randomness. For simplicity, attention is confined to ultimate states for which interparticle interactions are no longer of first order importance. The planets, in their orbits about the sun, are one example of such a ring system. The extent to which the present approximation yields insight into ring systems such as Saturn's is explored briefly.


Author(s):  
Richard J. Spontak ◽  
Steven D. Smith ◽  
Arman Ashraf

Block copolymers are composed of sequences of dissimilar chemical moieties covalently bonded together. If the block lengths of each component are sufficiently long and the blocks are thermodynamically incompatible, these materials are capable of undergoing microphase separation, a weak first-order phase transition which results in the formation of an ordered microstructural network. Most efforts designed to elucidate the phase and configurational behavior in these copolymers have focused on the simple AB and ABA designs. Few studies have thus far targeted the perfectly-alternating multiblock (AB)n architecture. In this work, two series of neat (AB)n copolymers have been synthesized from styrene and isoprene monomers at a composition of 50 wt% polystyrene (PS). In Set I, the total molecular weight is held constant while the number of AB block pairs (n) is increased from one to four (which results in shorter blocks). Set II consists of materials in which the block lengths are held constant and n is varied again from one to four (which results in longer chains). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been employed here to investigate the morphologies and phase behavior of these materials and their blends.


1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Philipp ◽  
Q. H. Nguyen ◽  
D. D. Derkacht ◽  
D. J. Lynch ◽  
A. Mahmood

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