The Catholic Church and State Tension in Paraguay

1990 ◽  
pp. 344-351
Author(s):  
Andrea O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The Catholic Church

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Jennifer Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Theatre ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Catholic Church

Taking the 1903 death of Pope Leo XIII as its starting point, the conclusion extends beyond the legal separation of Church and State (1905) in order to trace the ways in which the processes of transformation that were set in motion during the late nineteenth century continued well into the twentieth century. Pierre Nora’s concept of the lieu de memoire illuminates the numerous ways that the sites of Catholic and French memory that the book explores—whether as opera, popular theatre, or concert—found an extraordinary ally in the Republic as it collectively harnessed the power of memory. From its “origin” in the French medieval era, to its transformations throughout the fin-de-siècle, to the response to the devastating fire at Notre-Dame in 2019, the Catholic Church provided (and continues to provide) a new mode of expression for the French Republic. In effect, the success of the twentieth-century renouveau catholique was set in motion by its nineteenth-century forbear: the path was paved by the Republic’s musical Ralliement and the memorialization of its Catholic past as a fundamental cornerstone of its modern existence.

scholarly journals The Regulation of Abortion in Chile: The Failure of the Separation of Church and State

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-83
Author(s):  
Macarena Saez
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Abortion Laws ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
The Catholic Church

This paper provides an explanation for the treatment of women within the Catholic Church based on two different concepts of dignity. One linked to equality and autonomy that applies to men, and another linked to sacrifice and martyrdom that applies to women. By exploring the history and current developments on abortion laws in Chile, the paper shows how this gendered idea of dignity translated into the secular regulation of abortion. It also shows a shift in the last few years in which a secular concept of dignity linked to equality and autonomy is gaining track and abortion is finally discussed with women’s lives at the center.

The Secretary of War’s Historical Commission: Military Historians and the Cristeros

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Preciado
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
Cristero Rebellion ◽  
The Catholic Church

The Cristero Rebellion (1926–1929), also known as La Cristiada, was a conflict between the Catholic Church and the Mexican government. The Catholics, especially from western states, rose up in arms against the anticlerical and pro-agrarian measures of President Plutarco Elías Calles’s government (1924–1928). General Joaquín Amaro, Minister of War, was charged with fighting the Cristeros in various regions of Mexico. Certain army generals, unable to conquer the Cristeros on the battlefields, triumphed when negotiating the road to peace with certain priests and Cristero leaders. In the higher echelons, two bishops, Pascual Díaz y Barreto and Leopoldo Ruiz y Flores, arranged, with President Emilio Portes Gil (1928–1930), an end to the conflict. The known “arrangements” between church and state were agreed upon, officially, on June 22, 1929. Once the conflict was formally over, General Amaro planned for the writing of an authorized version of the Cristero uprising. For this, he created the Historical Commission within the Ministry of War. The commission, according to Amaro’s orders, would produce, beginning with military documents, its own version of what had happened during the war. The soldiers turned “historians” would present their interpretation to their colleagues as well as to future generations. In spite of this, in the end the version that was disseminated was that of the former Cristeros. General Amaro failed a second time upon trying to pacify newer generations.

scholarly journals Evolución del hecho religioso en el marco del constitucionalismo español 1812-1978 | Evolution of the religious fact in the framework of the spanish constitutionalism 1812-1978

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Enrique Somavilla
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Spanish History ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Catholic Church

Las relaciones entre la Iglesia y el Estado han estado vinculadas a los avatares de la historia de España y por los avatares que ha pasado la sociedad española, en las distintas épocas, desde constitucionalismo español, especialmente desde los siglos XIX al XXI. No hay que olvidar que la esencialidad de lo que consideramos hoy nación española está estrechamente vinculada a la creencia y pertenencia a la Iglesia católica desde tiempo inmemorial, incluso durante la dominación árabe, y que se concretará en el reinado de los Reyes Católicos. Es notorio que las influencias cristianas y católicas arraigaron en la mentalidad del pueblo español que unió la fe con su españolidad. Han sido siete Constituciones, tres Cartas otorgadas y otras que no llegaron a promulgarse. Pero la riqueza acumulada en dichas relaciones ha sido determinante a la hora de establecer unos lazos de colaboración entre ambas entidades. _____________________________The relationships between Church and State have been linked to the vicissitudes of Spanish History and the vicissitudes of Spanish Society, through its diverse periods since the Spanish Constitutionalism, especially since the XIX century, to the XXI century. It cannot be forgotten that the essentiality of what we know as the Spanish Nation is closely linked to the believing and belonging to the Catholic Church since old times, even during the Arabic domain, materialized during the ruling of the Catholic Monarchs. It is remarkable that the Catholic and Christian influences enrooted in the mentality of the Spanish people that united faith with its Spanish identity. It has been seven Constitutions; three Granted Charter and others Charter unpublished.  However, the accumulated richness in those relationships has been decisive at the moment of establishing the bow of collaboration between both entities.

Separating Church and State in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Michael W. Homer
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Marriage ◽  
Public Announcement ◽  
Pius Ix ◽  
Pope Pius Ix ◽  
Official Status ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

In 1852 King Victor Emmanuel’s ministers proposed legislation to recognize civil marriages in the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont). This proposal was opposed by Pope Pius IX and other Catholic apologists who argued that it would result in undermining the official status of the Catholic Church and one of the church’s sacraments. Even worse it would mean that Jewish and Protestant marriages would be recognized. This legislation coincided with Mormon missionaries proselytizing in Torino and the public announcement that the church practiced polygamy. Catholic opponents of this legislation argued that even Mormon polygamous marriages would be recognized if the legislation passed. During fierce debates that took place Catholic apologists also claimed that Mormons formed alliances with other Protestant “sects” to push through the civil marriage litigation. The specter of Mormon plural marriages in a civil marriage system continued to be mentioned until civil marriages were finally recognized in 1865.

Interwar Dictatorships, the Catholic Church and Concordats: The Portuguese New State in a Comparative Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
RITA ALMEIDA DE CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
The Political ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Apparent Inconsistency ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractEstablished in 1933 by Oliveira Salazar, the Portuguese New State was a civil, nationalist, conservative and corporatist dictatorship. A concordat was established between the New State and the Holy See in 1940, yet the treaty did not favour the Catholic Church to the degree one might expect from a Catholic interwar dictator. The fact that the political legitimacy of the Portuguese regime was not dependent on sanctioning by the Holy See justifies this apparent inconsistency. The distinctive features of the Portuguese concordat were enhanced by the authoritarian, rather than totalitarian, nature of the regime. Salazar, more so than Mussolini or Franco, was constrained by political forces not in favour of Catholic privileges. In addition, the dictator himself defended a strict separation of church and state as prescribed by the Portuguese constitution. Nonetheless, Salazar regarded the concordat as an important propaganda instrument that, in association with the 1940 Exhibition of the Portuguese World, would allow the internal and external prestige of the regime to be increased.

Communist Authorities and Missionary Activities in Poland, 1945-1990s

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-310
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Rozanski
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Missionary Movement ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractMissionary activities were very strong in Poland before the Second World War. The establishment of a Communist regime after 1945 led to a break in the number of missionaries sent worldwide and, soon after, to a liquidation of all missionary institutions in the country. Because the Catholic Church was very strong, the state did not dare to launch an immediate and frontal attack on the church until 1947. From 1948 however, a full-blown campaign against the church began with nationalization, imprisonments and prohibitions, notably of mission activities. After 15 years, however, some forms of compromise between church and state began to appear. This allowed the Church to rebuild its missionary movement – as of 1965. The year 1980 saw the emergence of the Solidarity movement and the begining of the unmaking of Communism. It led to a revitalization of missionary activities and a normalization of church and state relations, particularly after 1989. The present article describes these developments, establishes a chronology and tries a first causal explanation of the decline and subsequent return of missions in Poland. It also looks at the inheritance of the Communist period for the Catholic Church in Poland.

scholarly journals La Iglesia Católica cubana y el Estado en 1959 según la circular Vida Nueva

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Emőke Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Cuban Revolution ◽  
Fidel Castro ◽  
Pastoral Letter ◽  
Cuban Government ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The paper analyzes the relationship between the Cuban government and the Catholic Church after the victory of the Cuban Revolution in 1959. The struggle of Fidel Castro and his fellow rebels against the Batista dictatorship was supported by a significant number of priests and catholic faithfuls. Three days after the victory of the Ejercito Rebelde, a pastoral letter with the title of Vida Nueva (New Life) was issued by Mons. Enrique Pérez Serantes, the primate of Cuba. This letter is a main source for the interpretation of the Church and State relations at the beginning of the political changes. The analysis of the letter helps to understand the attitude of the Catholic Church toward the new political system and it’s leader, Fidel Castro. After the victory of the revolution, despite the earlier promises, the new Cuban State vigorously opposed the Catholic Church. The new goverment began to weaken its institutional system, and aspired to the elimination of these institutions in some fields.

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