Liberalism in Latin America and US Global Strategy

Developing countries face severe poverty, unemployment, low agriculture productivity, unequal distribution of income and consumption, poor sanitation, and illiteracy. These problems are difficult to solve because of lack of resources, industrial backwardness, and the limited extent to which modern science and technology are introduced. Thus it is necessary to reexamine the objectives of development and the values on which they are established. It will not be possible to achieve fair levels of well-being if progress is attempted simply by copying patterns in rich countries rather than through a rational application of those countries’ scientific knowledge and productive technologies. In several countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, the development of technical and human resources and institutions has helped solve several problems. Cuba has made progress in biotechnology and in health, food, agriculture, cattle, fishery, and education, applying its own resources and the creativeness of scientists, technicians, and workers in these fields. These efforts have succeeded notwithstanding the difficulty of gaining access to Western technology and the country's severe financial limitations. A political decision for elaborating a global strategy and setting resources, and testing the technology and evaluating its technical, economic, social, political, and cultural feasibility were necessary.

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Venturing to Distant Markets - Polish Firms in Latin America

Journal of Management and Financial Sciences ◽

10.33119/jmfs.2017.28.2 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 37-71

Author(s):

Aleksandra Wąsowska

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Distance Measures ◽

Investment Promotion ◽

Current State ◽

Level Data ◽

The Press ◽

Micro Level ◽

Available Information ◽

Trade And Investment

The objective of this paper is to shed light on the understudied phenomenon of expansion of Polish firms to distant markets. Authors ask the following questions: (1) What is the current state of internationalisation of Polish firms in Latin America, in both quantitative (i.e. value of exports and FDI) and qualitative terms (i.e. characteristics of key exporters and investors); (2) What are the main distance-related barriers to internationalisation of Polish firms in Latin America. In order to describe the scale, scope and characteristics of Polish exports and investments in Latin America, authors analyse publicly available information, macro-level data and micro-level data, collected from the press and finan- cial statements of Polish firms present in Latin America, combined with the information received from the Trade and Investment Promotion Sections of the Polish Embassies. In order to assess the distance between Poland and Latin America, thus indicating the major barriers to internationalisation of Polish firms in this region, the psychic distance measures elaborated by Hakanson and Ambos and the CAGE framework offered by Ghemawat are employed. This paper contributes to the discussion on whether the ‘go global’ strategy is viable for Polish firms and whether it should be supported by the State.

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Globalizing the History of the First World War: Economic Approaches

The Historical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0018246x21000765 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Jamie Martin

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Financial Crisis ◽

First World War ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Economic Aspects ◽

Global History ◽

World War ◽

The First World War ◽

History Of ◽

First World

Abstract This historiographical review offers an overview of new approaches to the global history of the First World War. It first considers how, over the last decade, there has been a move to emphasize the war's imperial dimensions: in reconsiderations of the war in Africa, the experience of soldiers and workers from across Europe's colonial empires, and the German ‘global strategy’ of fomenting unrest within the Allied empires. It then suggests that new global histories of the First World War give further attention to its economic aspects, particularly in two ways: first, by recovering understudied global financial aspects of the war, including the effects of the 1914 financial crisis and wartime inflation on economies and societies far outside of Europe; and second, by investigating wartime histories of primary production, both in colonial territories and sovereign states in Latin America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. It argues that these approaches can offer an important corrective to common assumptions that the First World War led to a dramatic break with pre-war globalizing trends.

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Defense of the Western Hemisphere: Strategy for the 1990s

Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs ◽

10.2307/165598 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Gabriel Marcella

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

The United States ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

Regional Security ◽

National Interests ◽

The Impact ◽

East West

What should the strategic relationship between the United States and Latin America be in the next 10 years? This paper will try to provide an agenda for answering this question by trying to clarify some of the issues involved. It seeks to promote responsible dialogue on regional security matters based on realistic assessment of the national interests involved and the impact they have on one another.United States defense relations with Latin America over the last 40 years have revolved around two strategy frameworks: one East- West and the other North-South. During this time the United States has attempted to integrate Latin America into its East-West global strategy, subordinating Latin American interests to the overall requirement of containing Soviet power.

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Revisiting China’s Investment in Latin America

China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies ◽

10.1142/s2377740016500263 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 02 (04) ◽

pp. 507-527

Author(s):

Jiang Shixue

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

High Speed ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Host Countries ◽

Chinese Investment ◽

World Economic ◽

Overseas Investment ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Latin American Countries

It is easy to understand China’s increasing enthusiasm for overseas investment, given that its economy is continuing to grow at a relatively high speed and its foreign exchange reserves are expanding. Promoting overseas investment under the national “go global” strategy not only helps China tap into the external market and embrace a more important role in world economic affairs, but is beneficial to the economy and society of host countries as well. China’s investment in Latin America serves as a good example. Apart from helping to fill in the shortfall of capital, Chinese investment also enhances employment and infrastructure in many Latin American countries. In order to increase the stock of Chinese investment in Latin America to US$250 billion by 2025, as Chinese President Xi Jinping declared in January 2015, Latin American countries need to improve their domestic environment for investment, while Chinese enterprises must learn to take on more corporate social responsibility (CSR). Furthermore, Latin American countries and China should work together to develop broader and more efficient channels to exchange market information about investment opportunities.

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The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x13009850 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (01) ◽

pp. 102-129

Author(s):

ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽

EUDALD CORTINA ORERO

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

El Salvador ◽

Early Years ◽

Left Wing ◽

Internal Dynamics ◽

Internal Coherence ◽

The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

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