Economic Growth under Alternative Development Strategies: Latin America from the 1940s to the 1990s

Author(s):  
Andrés Solimano
Author(s):  
Pedro Clavijo ◽  
Jimmy Melo

This document determines the severity of the specialization pattern constraint on economic growth in Latin America for the period 1950-2016. For this purpose, Thirlwall’s Law is estimated with the help of cointegration with structural break and time-varying parameter techniques. The results compel the conclusion that the specialization pattern has constrained economic growth in Latin America for the whole period, but the constraint has tightened severely during economic liberalization. Since results suggest that Latin America is stuck in a trap of falling-behind growth due to the specialization pattern, Thirlwall’s Paradox is explored in a model that incorporates changes in productivity and reallocation of labor to analyze the conditions that allow investment to increase growth


1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Thiesenhusen

While the seventies will see a continuing debate over the merits of alternative development strategies, histories of Latin America's industrial progress over the past two or three decades can now be filed under ‘import substitution’. Bruton explains, ‘In the narrowest terms, import substitution refers simply to the take-over of an existing domestic market from the foreign producer by prohibiting his imports in one way or another’.


2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (315) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Verónica Cerezo García ◽  
Heri Oscar Landa Díaz

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto de la liberalización comercial sobre la productividad, la distribución del ingreso y el crecimiento económico, además de examinar la capacidad de absorción que este proceso ha concedido a los países ante choques externos, como el Covid-19. Empíricamente, tomamos pie en la taxonomía de crecimiento y desigualdad de Fajnzylber (1990) y en un modelo panel para evaluar esta relación en Asia, América Latina y Europa durante el periodo 1990-2019. Los principales resultados muestran: 1) co-movimiento entre crecimiento y equidad en Asia, mientras que en América Latina hay rezagos significativos, y 2) la productividad y la competitividad no precio constituyen el factor dinamizante en Asia y Europa.</p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center">ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY IN ASIA, EUROPE, AND LATIN AMERICA, 1990-2019</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The paper’s aim is to analyse the effect of trade liberalization on productivity, income distribution and economic growth. The ability of a free-market oriented economy to fence off an exogenous shock such as the Covid-19 pandemic is also dealt with. Following Fajnzylber’s (1990) taxonomy of growth and inequality, we assess the relationship between trade liberalisation, growth and income distribution for a sample set of Asian, Latin American, and European countries over the period 1990-2019. Our main empirical results show that there exist: 1) a co-movement between growth and equality in Asia, but significant lags in both respects prevail in Latin America; 2) productivity and non-price competitiveness are the dynamizing factors in both Asia and Europe</p>


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