scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of the Cis-Regulatory Regions of the Bithorax Complex of Drosophila

2007 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Edward B. Lewis ◽  
John D. Knafels ◽  
David R. Mathog ◽  
Susan E. Celniker
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Regulatory Regions

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of the cis-regulatory regions of the bithorax complex of Drosophila.

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (18) ◽  
pp. 8403-8407 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Lewis ◽  
J. D. Knafels ◽  
D. R. Mathog ◽  
S. E. Celniker
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Regulatory Regions

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of the CIS-Regulatory Regions of the Bithorax Complex of Drosophila

2004 ◽  
pp. 367-376
Author(s):  
Edward B. Lewis ◽  
John D. Knafels ◽  
David R. Mathog ◽  
Susan E. Celniker
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Regulatory Regions

scholarly journals Interactions of Drosophila Ultrabithorax Regulatory Regions With Native and Foreign Promoters

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Casares ◽  
Welcome Bender ◽  
John Merriam ◽  
Ernesto Sánchez-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
P Element ◽  
Lacz Gene ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Lacz Reporter ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Lacz Reporter Gene ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Long Range Interactions ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Dependent Interaction

The Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene of the Drosophila bithorax complex is required to specify parasegments 5 and 6. Two P-element “enhancer traps” have been recovered within the locus that contain the bacterial lacZ gene under the control of the P-element promoter. The P insertion that is closer to the Ubx promoter expresses lucZ in a pattern similar to that of the normal Ubx gene, but also in parasegment 4 during embryonic development. Two deletions have been recovered that remove the normal Ubx promoter plus several kilobases on either side, but retain the lacZ reporter gene. The lacZ patterns from the deletion derivatives closely match the normal pattern of Ubx expression in late embryos and imaginal discs. The lacZ genes in the deletion derivatives are also negatively regulated by Ubx and activated in trans by Contrabithorax mutations, again like the normal Ubx gene. Thus, the deleted regions, including several kilobases around the Ubx promoter, are not required for long range interactions with Ubx regulatory regions. The deletion derivatives also stimulate transvection, a pairing-dependent interaction with the Ubx promoter on the homologous chromosome.

Discrete Polycomb-binding sites in each parasegmental domain of the bithorax complex

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chiang ◽  
M.B. O'Connor ◽  
R. Paro ◽  
J. Simon ◽  
W. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Homeotic Genes ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Lacz Reporter Gene ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Polycomb Protein ◽  
Regulatory Dna ◽  
Segmental Expression

The Polycomb protein of Drosophila melanogaster maintains the segmental expression limits of the homeotic genes in the bithorax complex. Polycomb-binding sites within the bithorax complex were mapped by immunostaining of salivary gland polytene chromosomes. Polycomb bound to four DNA fragments, one in each of four successive parasegmental regulatory regions. These fragments correspond exactly to the ones that can maintain segmentally limited expression of a lacZ reporter gene. Thus, Polycomb acts directly on discrete multiple sites in bithorax regulatory DNA. Constructs combining fragments from different regulatory regions demonstrate that Polycomb-dependent maintenance elements can act on multiple pattern initiation elements, and that maintenance elements can work together. The cooperative action of maintenance elements may motivate the linear order of the bithorax complex.

Control of the expression of the bithorax complex genes abdominal-A and abdominal-B by cis-regulatory regions in Drosophila embryos

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sanchez-Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

The abdominal-A (abd-A) and Abdominal-B (Abd-B) genes of the bithorax complex (BX-C) specify the identity of most of the Drosophila abdomen. Six different classes of infraabdominal (iab) mutations within the BX-C transform a subset of the parasegments affected by the lack of these two genes. It is thought that these mutations define parasegmental cis-regulatory regions that control the expression of abd-A and Abd-B. By staining embryos mutant for different iab mutations with anti-abd-A and anti-Abd-B antibodies I show here that the expression of Abd-B (and probably also abd-A) exhibit a parasegmental regulation. I have also studied the significance of the chromosomal order of parasegmental iab regulatory sequences, and the possible presence of chromosomal ‘boundaries’ between them, by looking at the expression of abd-A and Abd-B in embryos carrying the Uab and Mcp mutations. These data are discussed in the light of models of parasegmental-specific regulatory regions within the BX-C.

Sequence analysis of regulatory regions of the human collagen X gene

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Iiro Eerola ◽  
Frank Beier ◽  
Mikko J. Lammi ◽  
Phyllis LuValle ◽  
Ernst Reichenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Human Collagen ◽  
X Gene

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Resistance Phenotypes in Enterococci

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 3415-3420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hong Min ◽  
Jae-Hee Jeong ◽  
Yun-Jeong Choi ◽  
Hee-Jeong Yun ◽  
Kyungwon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Disk Test

ABSTRACT We determined the macrolide resistance phenotypes of 241 clinical isolates of erythromycin-resistant enterococci (MICs, ≥1 μg/ml), including 147 Enterococcus faecalis strains and 94 Enterococcus faecium strains, collected from a hospital in Seoul, Korea, between 1999 and 2000. By the erythromycin (40 μg)-josamycin (100 μg) double-disk test, 93 strains were assigned to the constitutive macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance (cMLSB) phenotype, and the remaining 148 strains were assigned to the inducible MLSB resistance (iMLSB) phenotype. Of the strains with the iMLSB phenotype, 36 exhibited a reversibly inducible MLSB (riMLSB) phenotype, i.e., blunting of the erythromycin zone of inhibition, which indicates that the 16-membered-ring macrolide josamycin is a more effective inducer than the 14-membered-ring macrolide erythromycin. Sequence analysis of the regulatory regions of the erm(B) genes from all of the strains exhibiting the riMLSB phenotype revealed not only erm(Bv) [where v represents variant; previously erm(AMR)] (n = 13), as reported previously, but also three kinds of erm(B) variants, which were designated erm(Bv1) (n = 17), erm(Bv2) (n = 3), and erm(Bv3) (n = 3), respectively. In lacZ reporter gene assays of these variants, the 16-membered-ring macrolide tylosin had stronger inducibility than erythromycin at ≥0.1 μg/ml. These findings highlight the versatility of erm(B) in induction specificity.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of the abd-A gene of Drosophila

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Busturia ◽  
J. Casanova ◽  
E. Sanchez-Herrero ◽  
R. Gonzalez ◽  
G. Morata
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Transcription Unit ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Spatial Regulation ◽  
Correct Level

We report the embryonic and adult phenotypes of a number of mutations of the abd-A gene of the bithorax complex. Some of them result in loss of abd-A function in the whole abd-A domain and are usually lethal. These probably eliminate or inactivate abd-A protein products. Other mutations affect only part of the abd-A domain. These are viable, appear to map outside the abd-A transcription unit, and presumably alter the normal spatial regulation of abd-A products. We propose a model of abd-A structure based on a protein-coding region and two cis-regulatory regions. Regulatory region 1, 3′ to the transcription unit, contains positive and negative regulatory elements. Regulatory region 2, 5′ to the transcription unit, establishes the correct level of abd-A activity in the abdominal metameres.

Transcription activates repressed domains in theDrosophilabithorax complex

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (21) ◽  
pp. 4923-4930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welcome Bender ◽  
Daniel P. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Mutant Phenotype ◽  
P Element ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
P Elements

A series of mutations have been recovered in the bithorax complex of D. melanogaster that transform the first segment of the abdomen into a copy of the second or third abdominal segment. These dominantUltraabdominal alleles are all associated with P element insertions which are transcribed in the first abdominal segment. The transcripts proceed past the end of the P element for up to 50 kb, extending through the regulatory regions for the second and third abdominal segments. Blocking transcription from the P element promoter reverts the mutant phenotype. Previously identified Ultraabdominal alleles, not associated with P elements, also show abnormal transcription of the same region.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of 5′ Regulatory Regions of the Machado–Joseph Disease Gene (ATXN3)

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição Bettencourt ◽  
Mafalda Raposo ◽  
Nadiya Kazachkova ◽  
Cristina Santos ◽  
Teresa Kay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Disease Gene ◽  
Regulatory Regions ◽  
Machado Joseph Disease
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