Summer Heat Waves in Western Europe, Their Past Change and Future Projections

2008 ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Della-Marta ◽  
M. Beniston
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Future Projections ◽  
Summer Heat

scholarly journals Summer heat waves over western Europe 1880–2003, their relationship to large-scale forcings and predictability

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 251-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Della-Marta ◽  
J. Luterbacher ◽  
H. von Weissenfluh ◽  
E. Xoplaki ◽  
M. Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Summer Heat

Soil moisture-temperature feedbacks at meso-scale during summer heat waves over Western Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Stéfanon ◽  
Philippe Drobinski ◽  
Fabio D’Andrea ◽  
Cindy Lebeaupin-Brossier ◽  
Sophie Bastin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Meso Scale

scholarly journals Modeling Northern Hemisphere Summer Heat Extreme Changes and Their Uncertainties Using a Physics Ensemble of Climate Sensitivity Experiments

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 4418-4435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin T. Clark ◽  
Simon J. Brown ◽  
James M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Modeling Uncertainties ◽  
Physics Ensemble ◽  
Projected Changes

Abstract Changes in extreme daily temperature events are examined using a perturbed physics ensemble of global model simulations under present-day and doubled CO2 climates where ensemble members differ in their representation of various physical processes. Modeling uncertainties are quantified by varying poorly constrained model parameters that control atmospheric processes and feedbacks and analyzing the ensemble spread of simulated changes. In general, uncertainty is up to 50% of projected changes in extreme heat events of the type that occur only once per year. Large changes are seen in distributions of daily maximum temperatures for June, July, and August with significant shifts to warmer conditions. Changes in extremely hot days are shown to be significantly larger than changes in mean values in some regions. The intensity, duration, and frequency of summer heat waves are expected to be substantially greater over all continents. The largest changes are found over Europe, North and South America, and East Asia. Reductions in soil moisture, number of wet days, and nocturnal cooling are identified as significant factors responsible for the changes. Although uncertainty associated with the magnitude of expected changes is large in places, it does not bring into question the sign or nature of the projected changes. Even with the most conservative simulations, hot extreme events are still expected to substantially increase in intensity, duration, and frequency. This ensemble, however, does not represent the full range of uncertainty associated with future projections; for example, the effects of multiple parameter perturbations are neglected, as are the effects of structural changes to the basic nature of the parameterization schemes in the model.

scholarly journals An underestimated record breaking event: why summer 1540 was very likely warmer than 2003

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2695-2730
Author(s):  
O. Wetter ◽  
C. Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Drought Effect ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Warm Anomaly ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Abstract. This paper challenges the argument obtained from the analysis of grape harvest (GHD) and maximum latewood density (MXD) data that the 2003 heat-wave in Western Europe was the most extreme warm anomaly in the last millennium. We have evidence that the heat and drought in 1540 known from numerous contemporary narrative documentary reports is not adequately reflected in these estimates. Vines severely suffered from the extreme heat and drought which led vine-growers to postpone the harvest in hope for a rain spell. At the time of harvest many grapes had already become raisins. Likewise, many trees suffered from premature leaf fall probably as a result of a decreased net photosynthesis, as it was measured in 2003. To more realistically assess 1540's spring–summer (AMJJ) temperature we present a new Swiss series of critically evaluated GHD. Basing on three different approaches considering the drought effect on vines, temperatures were assessed between 4.3 °C and 6.3 °C (including the Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) of 0.52 °C) above the 1901–2000 mean which is significantly higher than the value of 2.9 °C measured in 2003. Considering the significance of soil moisture deficits for extreme heat-waves this result still needs to be validated with estimated seasonal precipitation from independent evidence.

scholarly journals More frequent summer heat waves in southwestern China linked to the recent declining of Arctic sea ice

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 074011
Author(s):  
Kaiqiang Deng ◽  
Xingwen Jiang ◽  
Chundi Hu ◽  
Deliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Arctic Sea

Effect of the extreme summer heat waves on isolated populations of two orophitic plants in the north Apennines (Italy)

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Abeli ◽  
Graziano Rossi ◽  
Rodolfo Gentili ◽  
Maurizia Gandini ◽  
Andrea Mondoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
The North ◽  
Summer Heat

scholarly journals Projected increase in the spatial extent of contiguous US summer heat waves and associated attributes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 114029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradfield Lyon ◽  
Anthony G Barnston ◽  
Ethan Coffel ◽  
Radley M Horton
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Summer Heat

Future projections of heat waves over India from CMIP5 models

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 975-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rohini ◽  
M. Rajeevan ◽  
P. Mukhopadhay
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Future Projections

scholarly journals Mental Health and Weather Extremes in a Southeastern U.S. City: Exploring Group Differences by Race

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Lisa Reyes Mason ◽  
Bonita B. Sharma ◽  
Jayme E. Walters ◽  
Christine C. Ekenga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Winter Weather ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Summer Heat

The connection between mental health and weather extremes is a public health concern, but less studied to date than physical health. This exploratory study examines the mental health impacts of two kinds of weather extremes increasingly linked to climate change—summer heat waves and extreme winter weather—in a low- to middle-income population in the Southeastern U.S. The distribution of mental health impacts, and potential pathways to them, are examined with a focus on race. Data are from a random-sample survey of 426 participants and are analyzed with bivariate statistics and path analysis. Self-reported mental health impacts, in both seasons, were common in our study, with White participants tending to report worse impacts than participants who identified with other racial groups. Physical health had direct effects on mental health across several models, overall and by racial group. For summer heat waves, concern about climate change and social cohesion had direct and indirect effects, respectively, on mental health in White participants only. For extreme winter weather, preparedness had a direct negative effect on mental health in White, but not Black, participants. Results suggest that there may be racial differences in the influence of human and social capital factors on mental health related to weather extremes, warranting further study of this critical topic and with larger racial subgroup samples.

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