Modeling the Impact of Global Climate and Regional Land use Change on Regional Climate and Air Quality Over the Northeastern United States

2004 ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hogrefe ◽  
J.-Y. Ku ◽  
K. Civerolo ◽  
B. Lynn ◽  
D. Werth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Land

scholarly journals The impact of local surface changes in Borneo on atmospheric composition at wider spatial scales: coastal processes, land-use change and air quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1582) ◽  
pp. 3210-3224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Pyle ◽  
N. J. Warwick ◽  
N. R. P. Harris ◽  
Mohd Radzi Abas ◽  
A. T. Archibald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Uncertainty Model ◽  
Emission Changes ◽  
The Impact

We present results from the OP3 campaign in Sabah during 2008 that allow us to study the impact of local emission changes over Borneo on atmospheric composition at the regional and wider scale. OP3 constituent data provide an important constraint on model performance. Treatment of boundary layer processes is highlighted as an important area of model uncertainty. Model studies of land-use change confirm earlier work, indicating that further changes to intensive oil palm agriculture in South East Asia, and the tropics in general, could have important impacts on air quality, with the biggest factor being the concomitant changes in NO x emissions. With the model scenarios used here, local increases in ozone of around 50 per cent could occur. We also report measurements of short-lived brominated compounds around Sabah suggesting that oceanic (and, especially, coastal) emission sources dominate locally. The concentration of bromine in short-lived halocarbons measured at the surface during OP3 amounted to about 7 ppt, setting an upper limit on the amount of these species that can reach the lower stratosphere.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical consequences of regional land use change to a biofuel crop in the southeastern United States

Ecosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. art265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Duval ◽  
Melannie Hartman ◽  
Ernest Marx ◽  
William J. Parton ◽  
Stephen P. Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Biofuel Crop ◽  
Regional Land

scholarly journals Seasonal Simulation of Tropospheric Ozone over the Midwestern and Northeastern United States: An Application of a Coupled Regional Climate and Air Quality Modeling System

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 945-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Chun Huang ◽  
Xin-Zhong Liang ◽  
Kenneth E. Kunkel ◽  
Michael Caughey ◽  
Allen Williams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Ozone Episodes

Abstract The impacts of air pollution on the environment and human health could increase as a result of potential climate change. To assess such possible changes, model simulations of pollutant concentrations need to be performed at climatic (seasonal) rather than episodic (days) time scales, using future climate projections from a general circulation model. Such a modeling system was employed here, consisting of a regional climate model (RCM), an emissions model, and an air quality model. To assess overall model performance with one-way coupling, this system was used to simulate tropospheric ozone concentrations in the midwestern and northeastern United States for summer seasons between 1995 and 2000. The RCM meteorological conditions were driven by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy global reanalysis (R-2) using the same procedure that integrates future climate model projections. Based on analyses for several urban and rural areas and regional domains, fairly good agreement with observations was found for the diurnal cycle and for several multiday periods of high ozone episodes. Even better agreement occurred between monthly and seasonal mean quantities of observed and model-simulated values. This is consistent with an RCM designed primarily to produce good simulations of monthly and seasonal mean statistics of weather systems.

scholarly journals Impact of Urbanization and Land-Use Change on Surface Climate in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, 1988–2008

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Yao ◽  
Zhanqi Wang ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Regional Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Land-use/land cover change (LUCC) is one of the fundamental causes of global environmental change. In recent years, understanding the regional climate impact of LUCC has become a hot-discussed topic worldwide. Some studies have explored LUCC impact on regional climate in specific cities, provinces, or farming areas. However, the quick-urbanized areas, which are highly influenced by human activities, have the most severe land-use changes in developing countries, and their climatic impact cannot be ignored. This study aims to identify the impact of land-use change coupled with urbanization on regional temperature and precipitation in the metropolitan areas of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China by means of spatial analysis and numeric methods. Based on the exploration of land-use change and climate change during 1988–2008, the impact of land-use transition from non-built-up area to built-up area on temperature and precipitation was analyzed. The results indicated that the land-use conversion has affected the regional temperature with an increasing effect in the study area, while the influence on precipitation was not so significant. The results can provide useful information for spatial planning policies in consideration of regional climate change.

scholarly journals Modulation of Land-Use Change Impacts on Temperature Extremes via Land–Atmosphere Coupling over Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L. Hirsch ◽  
A. J. Pitman ◽  
J. Kala ◽  
R. Lorenz ◽  
M. G. Donat
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Coupling Strength ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The role of land–atmosphere coupling in modulating the impact of land-use change (LUC) on regional climate extremes remains uncertain. Using the Weather and Research Forecasting Model, this study combines the Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment with regional LUC to assess the combined impact of land–atmosphere coupling and LUC on simulated temperature extremes. The experiment is applied to an ensemble of planetary boundary layer (PBL) and cumulus parameterizations to determine the sensitivity of the results to model physics. Results show a consistent weakening in the soil moisture–maximum temperature coupling strength with LUC irrespective of the model physics. In contrast, temperature extremes show an asymmetric response to LUC dependent on the choice of PBL scheme, which is linked to differences in the parameterization of vertical transport. This influences convective precipitation, contributing a positive feedback on soil moisture and consequently on the partitioning of the surface turbulent fluxes. The results suggest that the impact of LUC on temperature extremes depends on the land–atmosphere coupling that in turn depends on the choice of PBL. Indeed, the sign of the temperature change in hot extremes resulting from LUC can be changed simply by altering the choice of PBL. The authors also note concerns over the metrics used to measure coupling strength that reflect changes in variance but may not respond to LUC-type perturbations.

scholarly journals The impact of historical land use change from 1850 to 2000 on secondary particulate matter and ozone

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 14997-15010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette L. Heald ◽  
Jeffrey A. Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. Anthropogenic land use change (LUC) since preindustrial (1850) has altered the vegetation distribution and density around the world. We use a global model (GEOS-Chem) to assess the attendant changes in surface air quality and the direct radiative forcing (DRF). We focus our analysis on secondary particulate matter and tropospheric ozone formation. The general trend of expansion of managed ecosystems (croplands and pasturelands) at the expense of natural ecosystems has led to an 11 % decline in global mean biogenic volatile organic compound emissions. Concomitant growth in agricultural activity has more than doubled ammonia emissions and increased emissions of nitrogen oxides from soils by more than 50 %. Conversion to croplands has also led to a widespread increase in ozone dry deposition velocity. Together these changes in biosphere–atmosphere exchange have led to a 14 % global mean increase in biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) surface concentrations, a doubling of surface aerosol nitrate concentrations, and local changes in surface ozone of up to 8.5 ppb. We assess a global mean LUC-DRF of +0.017, −0.071, and −0.01 W m−2 for BSOA, nitrate, and tropospheric ozone, respectively. We conclude that the DRF and the perturbations in surface air quality associated with LUC (and the associated changes in agricultural emissions) are substantial and should be considered alongside changes in anthropogenic emissions and climate feedbacks in chemistry–climate studies.

Disentangling the effects of global climate and regional land-use change on the current and future distribution of mangroves in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 1369-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Quisthoudt ◽  
Janine Adams ◽  
Anusha Rajkaran ◽  
Farid Dahdouh-Guebas ◽  
Nico Koedam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Land

scholarly journals Quantifying the potential impacts of land-use and climate change on hydropower reliability of Muzizi hydropower plant, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Keneth Bahati ◽  
Abraham Ogenrwoth ◽  
Jotham Ivan Sempewo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ugandan rivers are being tapped as a resource for the generation of hydropower in addition to other uses. Studies on the reliability of these hydropower plants due to climate and land-use/land cover changes on the hydrology of these rivers are scanty. Therefore, this study aimed to model the impact of the changing climate and land use/cover on hydropower reliability to aid proper planning and management. The hydropower reliability of River Muzizi catchment was determined from its past (1998–2010) and midcentury (2042–2070) discharge at 75 and 90% exceedance probability under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) of 4.5 and 8.5, respectively. The past and projected hydropower were compared to determine how future climate and land-use changes will impact the discharge and hydropower reliability of River Muzizi catchment. Six LULC scenarios (deforestation, 31–20%; grassland, 19–3%; cropland, 50–77%; water bodies, 0.02–0.01%; settlement, 0.23–0.37%, and Barren land 0.055–0.046% between 2014 and 2060) and three downscaled Regional Climate Model (REMO and RCA4 for precipitation and RACMO22T for temperature from pool of four CORDEX (Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment) Africa RCMs) were examined. A calibrated SWAT simulation model was applied for the midcentury (2041–2060) period, and a potential change in hydropower energy in reference to mean daily flow (designflow ≥ 30% exceedance probability), firm flow (flow ≥ 95% exceedance probability), and mean annual flow was evaluated under the condition of altered runoff under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios for an average of REMO and RCA4 RCM. The future land use (2048) was projected using the MOLUSCE (Module for Land Use Change Evaluation) plugin in QGIS using CA-ANN. Three scenarios have been described in this study, including LULC change, climate change, and combined (climate and LULC change). The results suggest that there will be a significant increase in hydropower generation capacity (from 386.27 and 488.1 GWh to 867.82 and 862.53 GWh under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively, for the combined future effect of climate and land-use/cover changes. Energy utilities need to put in place mechanisms to effectively manage, operate, and maintain the hydropower plant amidst climate and land-use change impacts, to ensure reliability at all times.

Biospheric Sustainability in a Changing World

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-218
Author(s):  
Emily W. B. Russell Southgate
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Time Changes

This chapter discusses the concept of sustainability using as a specific example concerns about the sustainability of oak-dominated forests in the northeastern United States. The discussion from the first edition is updated with current research, leading to the conclusion that climate is the most critical factor in determining species ranges even in human-dominated landscapes, and that fluctuations during the Holocene have been reflected not only in altered species composition of forests, but also in human populations and thus land use. At the same time, changes wrought by people have influenced decadal dynamics, such as secondary successional patterns, and often all but eliminated species within some plant communities, by land use change. Merely comparing present to inferred processes in the past misses vital factors in change; inference must be supported by historical data. Worldwide, droughts inferred from multi-proxy data can be correlated with declines in human populations as well as with changed vegetation, regardless of the complexity of the civilizations and agricultural systems. Managing systems for sustainability, requires consideration of legacies left by past land use.

scholarly journals The Impact of Historical Land Use Change From 1850 to 2000 on Particulate Matter and Ozone

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette L. Heald ◽  
Jeffrey A. Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. Anthropogenic land use change (LUC) since pre-industrial (1850) has altered the vegetation distribution and density around the world. We use a global model (GEOS-Chem) to assess the attendant changes in surface air quality and the direct radiative forcing (DRF). We focus our analysis on secondary particulate matter and tropospheric ozone formation. The general trend of expansion of managed ecosystems (croplands and pasturelands) at the expense of natural ecosystems has led to an 11 % decline in global mean biogenic volatile organic compound emissions. Concomitant growth in agricultural activity has more than doubled ammonia emissions and increased emissions of nitrogen oxides from soils by more than 50 %. Conversion to croplands has also led to a widespread increase in ozone dry deposition velocity. Together these changes in biosphere-atmosphere exchange have led to a 14 % global mean increase in biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) surface concentrations, a doubling of surface aerosol nitrate concentrations, and local changes in surface ozone of up to 8.5 ppb. We assess a global mean LUC-DRF of +0.017 Wm−2, −0.071 Wm−2, and −0.01 Wm−2 for BSOA, nitrate, and tropospheric ozone, respectively. We conclude that the DRF and the perturbations in surface air quality associated with LUC are substantial and should be considered alongside changes in anthropogenic emissions and climate feedbacks in chemistry-climate studies.

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