Independent Verification Magic or Myth?

1999 ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Independent Verification

A Multidimensional Theory of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
Gudrun Dieserud ◽  
Susanne Wenckstern ◽  
Kari Dyregrov ◽  
David Lester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Background Theory ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Interjudge Reliability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Deceased People

Abstract. Background: Theory is the foundation of science; this is true in suicidology. Over decades of studies of suicide notes, Leenaars developed a multidimensional model of suicide, with international (crosscultural) studies and independent verification. Aim: To corroborate Leenaars's theory with a psychological autopsy (PA) study, examining age and sex of the decedent, and survivor's relationship to deceased. Method: A PA study in Norway, with 120 survivors/informants was undertaken. Leenaars' theoretical–conceptual (protocol) analysis was undertaken of the survivors' narratives and in-depth interviews combined. Results: Substantial interjudge reliability was noted (κ = .632). Overall, there was considerable confirmatory evidence of Leenaars's intrapsychic and interpersonal factors in suicide survivors' narratives. Differences were found in the age of the decedent, but not in sex, nor in the survivor's closeness of the relationship. Older deceased people were perceived to exhibit more heightened unbearable intrapsychic pain, associated with the suicide. Conclusion: Leenaars's theory has corroborative verification, through the decedents' suicide notes and the survivors' narratives. However, the multidimensional model needs further testing to develop a better evidence-based way of understanding suicide.

Software Independent Verification and Validation (SIV&V) Simplified

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reffela Davidson ◽  
Ashley Mathis ◽  
David Patterson ◽  
Alexis P. von Spakovsky
Keyword(s):  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Independent Verification

An Audio-Based Wakeword-Independent Verification System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Wang ◽  
Rajath Kumar ◽  
Mike Rodehorst ◽  
Brian Kulis ◽  
Shiv Naga Prasad Vitaladevuni
Keyword(s):  
Independent Verification ◽  
Verification System

Adaptive beamlet-based finite-size pencil beam dose calculation for independent verification of IMRT and VMAT

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1836-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin C. Park ◽  
Jonathan G. Li ◽  
Lahcen Arhjoul ◽  
Guanghua Yan ◽  
Bo Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Size ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Pencil Beam ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Beam Dose

Mapping Complex Injectite Bodies With Multiwell Electromagnetic 3D Inversion Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Nigel Clegg ◽  
◽  
Endre Eriksen ◽  
Kevin Best ◽  
Ingeborg Tøllefsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Inversion ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Multiple Frequencies ◽  
Geological Complexity ◽  
Azimuthal Resistivity ◽  
Subsurface Resistivity ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Close Fit

Electromagnetic (EM) inversion processing of ultradeep resistivity data has advanced from one dimensional (1D) to three dimensional (3D). These advances have helped improve the geological complexity that can be imaged and provide additional reservoir information. The large depth of investigation (DOI) of ultradeep LWD EM tools means that distant boundaries might not be detected by any other sensor in the tool string, making it difficult to verify the results. As inversion results represent a model of the subsurface resistivity distribution and not a direct measurement, it is important to have high confidence in the results. Directly comparing the component data measured by the tool to the modeled component data from the inversion across multiple frequencies provides confidence in the resultant model where the data have a close fit. However, as measurement sensitivities decrease with distance, there is potential for non-uniqueness, generating a model that is geologically unrealistic. Increased confidence can be achieved with independent verification of the model. This paper details results from a trilateral well in an injectite reservoir wherein the sand distribution was expected to be complex. The 1D inversions showed the vertical distribution of the sand, but the results were sometimes distorted by lateral resistivity variations. The 3D inversion of the data allowed the lateral resistivity variations to be resolved. These results can be corroborated by direct comparison with azimuthal resistivity images. Additionally, the laterals all diverged from the same main bore and remained close together initially in an area containing major sand injectites. The 3D inversions from two of the wells overlap and define similarly shaped structures, providing confidence in the 3D inversion model. In complex geobodies, such as the injectites described, significant lateral variation in the reservoir distribution is expected, which is not captured by 1D inversion. Understanding the shape of these structures and their potential connectivity using 3D inversion provides a major increase in reservoir understanding that is critical to completion design.

Trust but Verify: The Oracle Paradox of Blockchain Smart Contracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Albizri ◽  
Deniz Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Control Application

Although research shows that blockchain provides fairly immutable virtual provenance workflows, proof that the Blockchain accurately represents physical events lacks truly independent verification. This dilemma, the Oracle Paradox, challenges blockchain architecture and is perhaps one reason why businesses have hesitated to adopt smart contracts. Blockchain proponents claim that people can serve as trusted Oracles in a smart contract. However, auditing research shows that people are the weak link in almost every internal control application, including those pertaining to blockchain. People are susceptible to collusion, bribery, error, and fraud and these tendencies are not entirely mitigated by blockchain technologies (Balagurusamy et al. 2019; Nakamoto 2008). This research proposes a framework to mitigate the paradox of the Oracle: A Business Process Management (BPM) model of a Blockchain Smart Contract-enabled Supply Chain with IoT as the sole "third-party" Oracle participant, utilizing Design Science research.

Invited: Independent Verification and Validation of Security-Aware EDA Tools and IP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Tan ◽  
Siddharth Garg ◽  
Ramesh Karri ◽  
Yuntao Liu ◽  
Michael Zuzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Eda Tools

Longshore transport at shingle beaches: An independent verification of the general model

2015 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe R. Tomasicchio ◽  
Felice D'Alessandro ◽  
Giuseppe Barbaro ◽  
Elena Musci ◽  
Teresa M. De Giosa
Keyword(s):  
General Model ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Longshore Transport
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