Biomaterial-Centered Infections: Microbial Adhesion versus Tissue Integration

1990 ◽  
pp. 193-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Gristina ◽  
Paul T. Naylor ◽  
Quentin N. Myrvik
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Tissue Integration

Cell Biology and Molecular Mechanisms in Artificial Device Infections

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Gristina ◽  
G. Giridhar ◽  
B.L Gabriel ◽  
P.T. Naylor ◽  
Q.N. Myrvik
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Total Artificial Heart ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Biomaterial Surfaces

Biomaterials are being used with increasing frequency for tissue substitution. Complex devices such as total joint replacement and the total artificial heart represent combinations of polymers and metal alloys for system and organ replacement. The major barrier to the extended use of these devices is bacterial adhesion to biomaterials, which causes biomaterial-centered infection, and the lack of successful tissue integration or compatibility with biomaterial surfaces. Adhesion-mediated infections are extremely resistant to antibiotics and host defenses and frequently persist until the biomaterial or foreign body is removed. The pathogenesis of adhesive infections is related, in part, to preferential colonization of “inert” substrata whose surfaces are not integrated with healthy tissues composed of living cells and intact extracellular polymers. Tissue integration is an interesting parallel to microbial adhesion and is a desired phenomenon for the biocompatibility of certain implants and biomaterials. Tissue integration requires a form of eukaryocytic adhesion or compatibility with possible chemical integration to an implant surface. Many of the fundamental principles of interfacial science apply to both microbial adhesion and to tissue integration and are general to and independent of the substratum materials involved. Interactions of biomaterials with bacteria and tissue cells are directed not only by specific receptors and outer membrane molecules on the cell surface, but also by the atomic geometry and electronic state of the biomaterial surface. An understanding of these mechanisms is important to all fields of medicine and is derived from and relevant to studies in microbiology, biochemistry, and physics. Modifications of biomaterial surfaces at an atomic level will allow the programming of cell-to-substratum events, thereby diminishing infection by enhancing tissue compatibility or integration, or by directly inhibiting bacterial adhesion.

Coating Made fromPseudotsuga menziesiiPhytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles is Efficient AgainstStaphylococcus aureusBiofilm Formation

Nano LIFE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1540006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poushpi Dwivedi ◽  
S. S. Narvi ◽  
R. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Medical Implant ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Implantation Process

In this nano era, biomaterials associated infection is a serious problem in the biomedical arena. The race between microbial adhesion and tissue integration becomes a major cause of concern, during the implantation process. Microbial adhesion further gives rise to biofilm formation which finally leads to implant failure. We have therefore designed a strategy to fight effectively against the encroachment of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm, which is chiefly responsible for majority of biomaterials associated infections. Silver nanoparticles have been synthesized for the purpose using foliage needles of the plant Pseudotsuga menziesii, our Christmas tree. Thereafter the nanoparticles were dispersed in chitosan, a biopolymer matrix and a bionanocomposite, self-sterilizing coating biomaterial was developed. The silver nanoparticles produced, the bionanocomposite developed, and the coating over medical implant, have been characterized through various techniques. The efficacy of the silver/chitosan bionanocomposite, against S. aureus biofilm has been studied here, after being coated over medical implant. It was found that coating of medical implants with this material can definitely restrict bacterial adhesion and their subsequent biofilm formation. This biomaterial was found to be blood and biocompatible at specific levels through testing.

Tissue Integration of Two Different Shape-Memory Polymers with Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Switching Segment in Rats

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Hiebl ◽  
Dorothee Rickert ◽  
Rosemarie Fuhrmann ◽  
Friedrich Jung ◽  
Andres Lendlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Polymers ◽  
Tissue Integration

Reduction of microbial adhesion on polyurethane by a sub-nanometer covalently-attached surface modifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 111579
Author(s):  
Brian De La Franier ◽  
Dalal Asker ◽  
Desmond van den Berg ◽  
Benjamin Hatton ◽  
Michael Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Modifier

Soft tissue integration of different abutment surfaces: an experimental study with histological analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Canullo ◽  
David Penarrocha ◽  
Paolo Pesce ◽  
Cristina Zarauz ◽  
Rossano Lattanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Tissue Integration

scholarly journals PHB/CHIT Scaffold as a Promising Biopolymer in the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects—An Experimental Animal Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Eva Petrovova ◽  
Marek Tomco ◽  
Katarina Holovska ◽  
Jan Danko ◽  
Lenka Kresakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Femoral Trochlea ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Intact Cartilage ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Biopolymer composites allow the creation of an optimal environment for the regeneration of chondral and osteochondral defects of articular cartilage, where natural regeneration potential is limited. In this experimental study, we used the sheep animal model for the creation of knee cartilage defects. In the medial part of the trochlea and on the medial condyle of the femur, we created artificial defects (6 × 3 mm2) with microfractures. In four experimental sheep, both defects were subsequently filled with the porous acellular polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan (PHB/CHIT)-based implant. Two sheep had untreated defects. We evaluated the quality of the newly formed tissue in the femoral trochlea defect site using imaging (X-ray, Computer Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)), macroscopic, and histological methods. Macroscopically, the surface of the treated regenerate corresponded to the niveau of the surrounding cartilage. X-ray examination 6 months after the implantation confirmed the restoration of the contour in the subchondral calcified layer and the advanced rate of bone tissue integration. The CT scan revealed a low regenerative potential in the bone zone of the defect compared to the cartilage zone. The percentage change in cartilage density at the defect site was not significantly different to the reference area (0.06–6.4%). MRI examination revealed that the healing osteochondral defect was comparable to the intact cartilage signal on the surface of the defect. Hyaline-like cartilage was observed in most of the treated animals, except for one, where the defect was repaired with fibrocartilage. Thus, the acellular, chitosan-based biomaterial is a promising biopolymer composite for the treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects of traumatic character. It has potential for further clinical testing in the orthopedic field, primarily with the combination of supporting factors.

scholarly journals Microchannelled alkylated chitosan sponge to treat noncompressible hemorrhages and facilitate wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchen Du ◽  
Le Wu ◽  
Hongyu Yan ◽  
Zhuyan Jiang ◽  
Shilin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Parenchymal Cell ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Liver Parenchymal Cell ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tissue Integration ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractDeveloping an anti-infective shape-memory hemostatic sponge able to guide in situ tissue regeneration for noncompressible hemorrhages in civilian and battlefield settings remains a challenge. Here we engineer hemostatic chitosan sponges with highly interconnective microchannels by combining 3D printed microfiber leaching, freeze-drying, and superficial active modification. We demonstrate that the microchannelled alkylated chitosan sponge (MACS) exhibits the capacity for water and blood absorption, as well as rapid shape recovery. We show that compared to clinically used gauze, gelatin sponge, CELOX™, and CELOX™-gauze, the MACS provides higher pro-coagulant and hemostatic capacities in lethally normal and heparinized rat and pig liver perforation wound models. We demonstrate its anti-infective activity against S. aureus and E. coli and its promotion of liver parenchymal cell infiltration, vascularization, and tissue integration in a rat liver defect model. Overall, the MACS demonstrates promising clinical translational potential in treating lethal noncompressible hemorrhage and facilitating wound healing.

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