Constraints on Terrestrial Primary Productivity in Temperate Forests Along the Pacific Coast of North and South America

1996 ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Waring ◽  
W. E. Winner
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Pyrenocollema Elegans, A New Marine Lichen

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Santesson
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

AbstractPyrenocollema elegans sp. nov., a widespread lichen on the Atlantic coast of Europe and the Pacific coast of North and South America, is distinguished from other members of the genus by a thallus bearing numerous black ridges and warts.

scholarly journals The Oxford Handbook of Evidentiality

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Language History ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Child Language Acquisition ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Every language has a way of saying how one knows what one is talking about, and what one thinks about what one knows. In some languages, one always has to specify the information source on which it is based—whether the speaker saw the event, or heard it, or inferred it based on something seen or on common sense, or was told about it by someone else. This is the essence of evidentiality, or grammatical marking of information source—an exciting category loved by linguists, journalists, and the general public. This volume provides a state-of-the art view of evidentiality in its various guises, their role in cognition and discourse, child language acquisition, language contact, and language history, with a specific focus on languages which have grammatical evidentials, including numerous languages from North and South America, Eurasia and the Pacific, and also Japanese, Korean, and signed languages.

Possibilities of Genetic Relationship in Northern Pacific Moiety Structures

1953 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Viola E. Garfield
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Extended Families ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
Paternal Line ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Male Line ◽  
Northern Pacific ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Moieties and/or SIBS occur in all the major culture areas of North and South America with the exception of Eskimo and Patagonia. In North America they are also lacking on the Pacific Coast from Vancouver Island to California and in all but the northern part of the Plateau. Data are incomplete for much of Argentina and Brazil and for parts of Meso-America.Many Siberian nomads are organized into patrilineal sibs or into extended families stressing the male line. The Koryak, Kamchadal and Chukchi are sibless, forming a continuous bilateral area with the Aleut and Eskimo on both sides of Bering Sea. Moieties and sibs are not characteristic of China, Japan, and Mongolia, but there is consistent stressing of the paternal line, whatever the kinship system. Patri-sibs occur in Manchuria.

Fladmark + 40: What Have We Learned about a Potential Pacific Coast Peopling of the Americas?

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Braje ◽  
Jon M. Erlandson ◽  
Torben C. Rick ◽  
Loren Davis ◽  
Tom Dillehay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Pacific Rim ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Peopling Of The Americas ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Terminal Pleistocene ◽  
Monte Verde ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Forty years ago, Knut Fladmark (1979) argued that the Pacific Coast offered a viable alternative to the ice-free corridor model for the initial peopling of the Americas—one of the first to support a “coastal migration theory” that remained marginal for decades. Today, the pre-Clovis occupation at the Monte Verde site is widely accepted, several other pre-Clovis sites are well documented, investigations of terminal Pleistocene subaerial and submerged Pacific Coast landscapes have increased, and multiple lines of evidence are helping decode the nature of early human dispersals into the Americas. Misconceptions remain, however, about the state of knowledge, productivity, and deglaciation chronology of Pleistocene coastlines and possible technological connections around the Pacific Rim. We review current evidence for several significant clusters of early Pacific Coast archaeological sites in North and South America that include sites as old or older than Clovis. We argue that stemmed points, foliate points, and crescents (lunates) found around the Pacific Rim may corroborate genomic studies that support an early Pacific Coast dispersal route into the Americas. Still, much remains to be learned about the Pleistocene colonization of the Americas, and multiple working hypotheses are warranted.

scholarly journals Small Shorebirds Feast On Green Slime To Fuel Their Long Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Hall ◽  
Susan E. W. De La Cruz ◽  
Isa Woo ◽  
Tomohiro Kuwae ◽  
David M. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
San Francisco Estuary ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Important Food ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wintering Areas ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Shorebirds wade in shallow waters along shorelines searching for food. More than a million shorebirds visit the San Francisco Estuary each year during their migration to feast on the insects, worms, clams, and crabs that live on or under the surface of the sand or mud. The abundant food in the Estuary provides shorebirds with the energy they need to migrate thousands of kilometers, between their breeding areas in the Arctic and their wintering areas along the Pacific coast of North and South America. Scientists have discovered that, during migration, small species of shorebirds eat a green slime called biofilm that grows on the surface of the mud. Larger shorebirds do not eat biofilm. This article describes how the bills and tongues of small shorebirds help them eat biofilm, what biofilm is, and why biofilm is an important food for those birds during migration.

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