Why Should Senescence Evolve? An Answer Based on a Simple Demographic Model

1987 ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry R. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Model

Bonobo population dynamics: Past patterns and future predictions for the Lola ya Bonobo population using demographic modelling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Faust ◽  
Claudine André ◽  
Raphaël Belais ◽  
Fanny Minesi ◽  
Zjef Pereboom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Demographic Modelling ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
Future Population ◽  
Future Growth

Wildlife sanctuaries rescue, rehabilitate, reintroduce and provide life-long care for orphaned and injured animals. Understanding a sanctuary’s population dynamics—patterns in arrival, mortality and projected changes in population size—allows careful planning for future needs. Building on previous work on the population dynamics of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in sanctuaries of the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA; Faust et al. 2011), this chapter extends analyses to the only PASA bonobo sanctuary. Its authors analysed historic demographic patterns and projected future population dynamics using an individual-based demographic model. The population has been growing at 6.7 per cent per year, driven by arrivals of new individuals (mean = 5.5 arrivals per year). Several model scenarios projecting varying arrival rates, releases and breeding scenarios clarify potential future growth trajectories for the sanctuary. This research illustrates how data on historic dynamics can be modelled to inform future sanctuary capacity and management needs. Les sanctuaires de faune secourent, réhabilitent, réintroduisent, et fournissent des soins pour toute la vie aux animaux orphelins et blessés. Comprendre les dynamiques de la population d’un sanctuaire—les motifs d’arrivée, mortalité, et de changements projetés de la taille de la population—permet une planification prudente pour les nécessités du futur. En se basant sur le travail déjà fait sur les dynamiques de la population chimpanzé (Pan troglodytes) dans les sanctuaires du Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA; Faust et al. 2011), nous étendons notre analyse au seul sanctuaire bonobo par PASA. Nous avons analysé les motifs démographiques historiques et avons projeté les futures dynamiques de la population en utilisant un modèle démographique basé sur l’individu. La population augmente de 6.7 per cent par an, poussée par l’arrivée de nouveaux individus (moyenne = 5.5 arrivées par an). Plusieurs scénarios modèles montrent une trajectoire de potentielle croissance pour le sanctuaire. Cette recherche illustre comment modeler les données sur les dynamiques historiques pour informer la capacité future du sanctuaire et les besoins gestionnaires.

A demographic model to support an impact financing mechanism for black rhino metapopulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 109073
Author(s):  
Chris Barichievy ◽  
Res Altwegg ◽  
Dave Balfour ◽  
Rob Brett ◽  
Chris Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Model ◽  
Financing Mechanism

scholarly journals PERIOD AND COHORT DYNAMICS IN FERTILITY NORMS AT THE ONSET OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION IN KENYA 1978–1998

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. WHITE ◽  
C. HALL ◽  
B. WOLFF
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Ideal Family Size ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Ideal Family ◽  
Rapid Fall

Summary.A characteristic of African pre-transitional fertility regimes is large ideal family size. This has been used to support claims of cultural entrenchment of high fertility. Yet in Kenya fertility rates have fallen. In this paper this fall is explored in relation to trends in fertility norms and attitudes using four sequential cross-sectional surveys spanning the fertility transition in Kenya (1978, 1984, 1989 and 1998). The most rapid fall in the reported ideal family size occurred between 1984 and 1989, whilst the most rapid fall in the total fertility rate occurred 5 to 10 years later, between 1989 and 1998. Thus these data, spanning the fertility transition in Kenya, support the traditional demographic model that demand for fertility limitation drives fertility decline. These data also suggest that the decline in fertility norms over time was partly a period effect, as the reported ideal family size was seen to fall simultaneously in all age cohorts, and partly a cohort effect, as older age cohorts reporting higher ideal family sizes were replaced by younger cohorts reporting lower ideal family sizes. These data also suggest that a new fertility norm of four children may have developed by 1989 and continued until 1998. This is consistent with, and perhaps could have been used to predict, the stall in the Kenyan fertility decline after 1998.

A Demographic Model for Small Area Population Projections: An Application to the Census Metropolitan Area of Hamilton in Ontario, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 964-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlos S Kanaroglou ◽  
Hanna F Maoh ◽  
Bruce Newbold ◽  
Darren M Scott ◽  
Antonio Paez
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Census Metropolitan Area

A demographic model of student progression

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen L. Li
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Model ◽  
Student Progression

Inbreeding rate and effective population size: A comparison of estimates from pedigree analysis and a demographic model

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley F. Blackwell ◽  
P.D. Doerr ◽  
J. Michael Reed ◽  
Jeffrey R. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Inbreeding Rate

A data-driven demographic model to explore the decline of the Bathurst caribou herd

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Boulanger ◽  
Anne Gunn ◽  
Jan Adamczewski ◽  
Bruno Croft
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Demographic Model
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