Technological Change and Work Organization in the U.S. Army: A Field Experiment

1982 ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Pasmore ◽  
Abraham R. Shani ◽  
John Mietus
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
The U.S

Technological Change, Market Decline, and Industrial Relations in the U.S. Steel Industry

1987 ◽  
pp. 229-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Ahlburg ◽  
Ann E. Carey ◽  
Bruce A. Lundgren ◽  
Sandra L. Barrett ◽  
Lawrence D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Skill-Biased Technological Change and Inequality in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Ana Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Incomplete Markets ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Overlapping Generations Model ◽  
Biased Technological Change ◽  
Household Heterogeneity ◽  
The U.S

Since the 1980s, income inequality has increased markedly and has reached the highest level ever since it started being recorded in the U.S. This paper uses an overlapping generations model with incomplete markets that allows for household heterogeneity that is calibrated to match the U.S. economy with the purpose to study how skill-biased technological change (SBTC) and changes in taxation quantitatively account for the increase in inequality from 1980 to 2010. We find that SBTC and taxation decrease account for 48% of the total increase in the income Gini coefficient. In particular, we conclude that SBTC alone accounted for 42% of the overall increase in income inequality, while changes in the progressivity of the income tax schedule alone accounted for 5.7%.

Gunfire at Sea: A Case Study of Innovation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elting E. Morison
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Powerful Explanation ◽  
The U.S

This chapter presents a case study of innovation: the introduction of continuous-aim firing in the U.S. Navy. It first provides a background on the technical aspects of gunfire at sea prior to the introduction of continuous-aim firing, first devised by an English officer, Admiral Sir Percy Scott, in 1898. It then considers the benefits brought by Scott's invention, in particular in terms of improving gunnery accuracy in the U.S. Navy. It also discusses Washington's responses to William S. Sims's recommendations for adopting continuous-aim firing in the U.S. Navy, citing the reasons for what must be considered the weird response to the proposed technological change. It shows that personal identification with a concept, a convention, or an attitude appears to be a powerful explanation for resistance to change. The chapter suggests an “adaptive society” in which humans adapt to their own technological changes.

scholarly journals Nonrobustness of Dynamic Dual Models of the U.S. Dairy Industry

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne H. Howard ◽  
C. Richard Shumway
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Functional Form ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Competitive Firm ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Quality Indexes ◽  
Dual Models ◽  
The U.S

The robustness of dynamic dual model results across functional forms is examined for the U.S. dairy industry. Modified generalized Leontief (GL) and normalized quadratic (NQ) functional forms are compared by examining their consistency with properties of the competitive firm, estimated rates of adjustment for cows and labor, tests of technological change, and elasticities. Homogeneity and symmetry are maintained in both models. Convexity is not rejected by the GL and is not seriously violated by the NQ. Absence of technological change is rejected by both models, but quality indexes on labor and cows fully embody technological change occurring within labor and cows in the NQ but not in the GL. Policy-relevant elasticities differ greatly between the functional forms. Dynamic dual models are found to be non-robust in important ways to choice of functional form.

Incentive Regulation in Network Industries: Experience and Prospects in the U.S. Telecommunications, Electricity, and Natural Gas Industries

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Hemphill ◽  
Mark E. Meitzen ◽  
Philip E. Schoech
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Incentive Regulation ◽  
Industry Concentration ◽  
Network Industries ◽  
Price Cap Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Commitment ◽  
The U.S

We trace the development of incentive regulation in the U.S. telecommunications, electricity, and natural gas industries. Telecom has moved much more in the direction of pure price cap regulation. Incentive regulation in electricity and gas has generally not strayed far from rate-ofreturn regulation. Reasons for these differences include differences in regulatory commitment, industry concentration, technological change and productivity growth, service quality concerns, and externalities. We conclude that electricity and gas can evolve to purer forms of price caps as they gain more experience with incentive regulation, and if the unique features of these industries are considered in plan design.

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