The Northern Hardwood Ecosystem at Hubbard Brook in Relation to Other Forested Ecosystems in the World

1977 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Gene E. Likens ◽  
F. Herbert Bormann ◽  
Robert S. Pierce ◽  
John S. Eaton ◽  
Noye M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Hubbard Brook ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
The World ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Northern Hardwood Ecosystem

Regional variability in nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and overstory biomass in northern Lower Michigan

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1521-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Zak ◽  
George E. Host ◽  
Kurt S. Pregitzer
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Hardwood Forests ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forests ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Net Nitrification ◽  
Biomass Increment ◽  
Annual Biomass ◽  
Oak Ecosystem ◽  
Northern Hardwood Ecosystem

Potential net nitrogen (N) mineralization, potential net nitrification, and overstory (boles and branches) biomass were measured in nine forest ecosystems commonly found within the well-drained uplands of northern Lower Michigan. The ecosystem types ranged from oak-dominated forests on coarse-textured outwash sands to mesic northern hardwood forests on sandy glacial till. Overstory biomass was calculated using species-specific allometric equations developed for Lake States hardwood species. Potential net N mineralization and potential net nitrification were measured by a 30-day aerobic laboratory soil incubation. Analyses of (co)variance were used to determine differences in potential N mineralization, net nitrification, overstory biomass, and biomass increment among the nine ecosystem types. Linear and nonlinear regression analyses were used to predict overstory biomass and biomass increment using potential net N mineralization as the independent variable. Overstory biomass ranged from 92 t•ha−1 in a xeric oak ecosystem to 243 t•ha−1 in a northern hardwood ecosystem; annual biomass production ranged from 1.3 to 3.5 t•ha−1 year−1, respectively. Potential net N mineralization was lowest in the xeric oak ecosystem (52.0 μg N•g−1) and greatest in the mesic northern hardwood ecosystem (127.8 μg N•g−1). Potential net nitrification was 45.5 μg NO3−-N•g−1 in the northern hardwood ecosystem; 10 to 230 times greater than in other ecosystems. A saturating exponential model (y = a(1–e−kx) + c) produced the smallest residual mean squares in predicting overstory biomass (R2 = 0.822) and annual biomass increment (R2 = 0.847) from potential net N mineralization. Maximum overstory biomass and biomass increment predicted from this equation were 247 t•ha−1 and 3.7 t•ha−1, respectively. In addition, laboratory net N mineralization potentials were highly correlated with annual rates of N mineralization determined by insitu incubation (r2 = 0.849). Overstory biomass and woody biomass increment were poorly correlated with potential net nitrification. The exponential function used to predict biomass increment from N mineralization suggests that the productivity of some northern hardwood forests in northern Lower Michigan is not limited by N availability.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic N deposition and the fate of 15NO3- in a northern hardwood ecosystem

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Zak ◽  
Kurt S. Pregitzer ◽  
William E. Holmes ◽  
Andrew J. Burton ◽  
Gregory P. Zogg
Keyword(s):  
N Deposition ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Northern Hardwood Ecosystem

Introduction to open ecosystems: a global anomaly and a local example

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
William J. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Land Area ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Anomaly ◽  
Light Side ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Cape Fynbos

This book is about the light side of ecology, the non-forested open ecosystems of the world. More than a quarter of the world’s land area is dominated by open, non-forested ecosystems in climates which can support closed forests. They are particularly common in the tropics, making up grasslands and savannas, but also occur in other climate zones. Open ecosystems have been widely attributed to human deforestation. While deforestation is widespread and increasing in many regions, open ecosystems include ancient vegetation, in species, with traits divergent from closed forests. Using Cape fynbos, the world’s richest temperate flora, as an example, the ideas and explanations for these anomalously low biomass systems are introduced. The aim of this book is explained as introducing a wider readership to the still poorly known biology of open ecosystems on the light side. The structure and content of chapters is outlined.

Evidence of Complete Retention of Atmospheric Lead in the Soils of Northern Hardwood Forested Ecosystems

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward X. Wang ◽  
F. Herbert. Bormann ◽  
Gaboury. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Forested Ecosystems

scholarly journals Forest Fragmentation: Wildlife and Management Implications

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Jarrad Cousin
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Management Implications ◽  
Silvicultural Practices ◽  
South West ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Broad Scale

Fragmentation of natural ecosystems occurs throughout the world due to processes such as agriculture, forestry, mining and urbanization. Much of the wheatbelt regions of south-west and eastern Australia face major problems relating to the decline and extinction of resident flora and fauna. Much of the problem relates to the lack of knowledge of the processes and consequences of fragmentation. By the time problems have been addressed, damage to the ecosystems are often irreparable. In North America, much of the forested regions of the Pacific Northwest have also experienced broad-scale fragmentation of the natural forested ecosystems through extensive silvicultural practices.

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