Why Does Neonatal Circumcision Persist in the United States?

1997 ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Van Howe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision

scholarly journals Can Routine Neonatal Circumcision Help Prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in the United States?

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Divya A. Patel ◽  
Vanessa K. Dalton ◽  
Mark D. Pearlman ◽  
Timothy R. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision ◽  
Considerable Benefit

Primary prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose an important challenge in the United States. Recent clinical trials conducted in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda have demonstrated considerable benefit of male circumcision in reducing HIV seroincidence in males. These results have ignited debate over the appropriateness of implementing routine provision of neonatal circumcision in the United States for HIV prevention. This article discusses major contextual differences between the United States and the three African countries where the clinical trials were conducted, and cautions that the applicability of the scientific data from Africa to this country must be carefully considered before rational policy recommendations regarding routine neonatal circumcision can be made as a strategy to prevent the spread of HIV in the United States.

A Perspective on Controversies Over Neonatal Circumcision

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 726-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald N. Weiss ◽  
Elaine B. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision

Controversy continues to surround the issue of male circumcision, especially in the United States. The following report reviews the history of this practice, along with the medical and sociopolitical positions currently espoused. It is our conclusion that, as the safest and most commonly performed surgical procedure in this country, the benefits of posthetomy, which include a reduction in some kinds of cancer and sexually transmitted diseases, well outweigh the risks cited by those who oppose it.

Updated Parental Viewpoints on Male Neonatal Circumcision in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin L. Wang ◽  
Eric A. Macklin ◽  
Erin Tracy ◽  
Hiyam Nadel ◽  
Elizabeth A. Catlin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision

scholarly journals Neonatal Circumcision Availability in the United States: A Physician Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ushasi Naha ◽  
Hans C. Arora ◽  
Ryan F. Walton ◽  
Ilina Rosoklija ◽  
Lindsay M. Skibley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physician Survey ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision

Lost Boys

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
Dan Bollinger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision ◽  
Lost Boys ◽  
Related Mortality

Baby boys can and do succumb as a result of having their foreskin removed. Circumcision-related mortality rates are not known with certainty; this study estimates the scale of this problem. This study finds that approximately 117 neonatal circumcision-related deaths (9.01/100,000) occur annually in the United States, about 1.3% of male neonatal deaths from all causes. Because infant circumcision is elective, all of these deaths are avoidable. This study also identifies reasons why accurate data on these deaths are not available, some of the obstacles to preventing these deaths, and some solutions to overcome them.

scholarly journals Circumcision and its alternatives in Germany: an analysis of nationwide hospital routine data

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski ◽  
Jan Gödeke ◽  
Oliver J. Muensterer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Year ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Service Data

Abstract Background/purpose Circumcisions are among the most frequent operations in children. Health service data on circumcision in the United States has documented an increase in neonatal circumcisions since 2012. We investigated whether a similar effect could be found in Germany, which does not endorse neonatal circumcision. Methods We analysed German routine administrative data for operations conducted on the preputium in order to analyse the frequency, age distribution, and time-trends in hospital-based procedures on a nationwide basis. Results There were 9418 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8860–10,029] procedures per year, of which 4977 (95% CI 4676–5337) were circumcisions. Age distributions were highly different between both circumcisions (van der Waerden’s χ² = 58.744, df = 4, P < 0.0001) and preputium-preserving operations (van der Waerden’s χ² = 58.481, df = 4, P < 0.0001). Circumcisions were more frequent in the first 5 years of life and above 15 years of age, whereas preputium-preserving procedures were preferred in the age groups between 5 and 14 years of age. The number of circumcisions and preputium-preserving operations decreased in absolute and relative numbers. Conclusions The increasing trend towards neonatal circumcision observed in the United States is absent in Germany. The majority of patients were operated after the first year of life and absolute and relative numbers of hospital-based procedures were decreasing. Other factors such as increasing use of steroids for the preferred non-operative treatment of phimosis may play a role. As operations in outpatients and office-based procedures were not covered, additional research is necessary to obtain a detailed picture of circumcision and its surgical alternatives in Germany. Level of evidence III.

scholarly journals Neonatal Circumcision Availability in the United States: A Physician Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ushasi Naha ◽  
Hans Arora ◽  
Ryan Walton ◽  
Ilina Rosoklija ◽  
Lindsay Skibley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Hospital Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

Abstract Background: A significant proportion of boys present to surgical specialists later in infancy/early childhood for elective operative circumcision despite the higher procedural risks. This study aims to assess physician perspectives on access to neonatal circumcision (NC) across the United States and identify potential reasons contributing to disparities in access. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was electronically distributed to physician members of the Societies for Pediatric Urology and the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine. Hospital characteristics and circumcision practices were assessed. Associations between NC availability and institutional characteristics were evaluated using chi-squared testing and multivariable logistic regression. Qualitative analyses of free-text comments were performed. Results: A total of 367 physicians responded (129 urologists [41%], 188 pediatric hospitalists [59%])). NC was available at 86% of hospitals represented. On univariate and multivariate analysis, the 50 hospitals who did not offer NC were more likely to be located in the Western region (odds ratio [OR]=8.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.1-25 vs Midwest) and in an urban area (OR=4.2; 95% CI=1.6-10 vs suburban/rural) compared with hospitals that offered NC. Most common reasons for lack of availability included not a birth hospital (N=22, 47%), lack of insurance coverage (N=8, 17%), and low insurance reimbursement (N=7, 15%). Institutional, regional, or provider availability (68%), insurance/payment (12.4%), and ethics (12.4%) were common themes in the qualitative comments.Conclusions: Overall availability of neonatal circumcision varied based on hospital characteristics, including geography. Information from this survey will inform development of interventions designed to offer NC equitably and comprehensively.

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