Dynamics of Surface Bound Polymers and Coupling Agents

1991 ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank D. Blum ◽  
Robert B. Funchess ◽  
Wiriya Meesiri
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agents

Novel Coupling Agents for Silica-filled Rubbers with Superior Processing Safety and Improved Hysteresis of the Vulcanizates

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gerster ◽  
C. Fagouri ◽  
E. Peregi
Keyword(s):  
Mixing Time ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Tire Industry ◽  
Selective Functionalization ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Filled Rubbers ◽  
Ethanol Removal

Abstract One challenge facing green tire technology is to achieve good silica hydrophobation/dispersion within the polymer matrix without a detrimental increase in the rubber compound’s viscosity during compounding. This phenomenon is well known to be induced by premature and unwanted coupling and/or crosslinking of the traditional coupling agents. The current state-of-the-art polysulfides silanes, bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide and to a lesser extent bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)disulfide (“Product Application—VP Si 75/VP X 75-S in the Rubber Industry,” Degussa Hüls Report No. PA 723.1E), need to be carefully incorporated with careful temperature control during the rubber compounding to prevent this “scorchy” behavior. This paper will present novel monofunctional silanes which are suited for preparing highly silica-loaded rubber compounds of superior processability, while applying fewer mixing passes, thereby reducing mixing times which can lead to improved productivity and cost savings. Additionally, these safer coupling agents can be processed at higher temperatures which can, again, lead to reduced mixing time and better ethanol removal thereby improving the tire’s physical properties and reducing the volatile organic compounds generated during the tire’s use. The rubber compounds produced using these monofunctional silanes are characterized by lower Mooney viscosity and improved processability. Advantageously, within these novel chemical classes of coupling agents, selective functionalization of the silanes allows production of tailor-made coupling agents which can respond to the specific requirements of the tire industry (Vilgis, T. A. and Heinrich, G., “Die Physic des Autoreifens,” Physikalische Blätter, Vol. 57, 2001, pp. 1–7).

Functionalization of Porous Clay Heterostructures with Silane Coupling Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
Anda Ionelia Mihai (Voicu) ◽  
Sorina Alexandra Garea ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Cristina Lavinia Nistor ◽  
Horia Iovu
Keyword(s):  
Pore Volume ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Porous Clay Heterostructures ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Ftir Spectrometry ◽  
Textural Parameters ◽  
Epoxy Groups

The goal of this paper was to study the modification of porous clay heterostructures (PCHs) with various silane coupling agents. Two commercial coupling agents (3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) and 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)) with different functional groups (amine and epoxy groups) were used as modifying agents for the PCHs functionalization. The functionalization of PCH with APTES and GPTMS was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffractions (XRD) and BET Analysis. FTIR spectra of modified PCHs confirmed the presence of characteristic peaks of silane coupling agents. TGA results highlighted an increase of weight loss for the modified PCHs that was assigned to the degradation of silane coupling agents (APTES and GPTMS) attached to the PCHs. The XRD results showed that the structure of modified PCHs was influenced by the type of the silane coupling agent. The functionalization of PCHs with silane coupling agents was also confirmed by BET analysis. Textural parameters (specific surface area (SBET), total pore volume (Vt )) suggested that the modified PCHs exhibit lower values of SBET and a significant decrease of total pore volume than unmodified PCHs.

Selection and Optimization of Silane Coupling Agents to Develop Durable Functional Cotton Fabrics Using TiO2 Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
S. Riaz ◽  
M. Ashraf ◽  
T. Hussain ◽  
M. T. Hussain ◽  
A. Younus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Silane Coupling

Influence of surface treatments and coupling agents on the thermal and thermo‐mechanical properties of yerba mate/post‐consumer polypropylene composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betina Hansen ◽  
Cleide Borsoi ◽  
Ruan Ezequiel Gemmer ◽  
Marcos Aurélio Dahlem Júnior ◽  
Ademir José Zattera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

Reform at the Intersection of Loose Coupling and Pedagogic Modalities: The Case of Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
pp. 001312452110019
Author(s):  
Trevor Tsz-lok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Global City ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Loose Coupling ◽  
Secondary Curriculum ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Senior Secondary

This paper contributes to our understanding of the micro-policy experience of an implemented curriculum from the perspective of students, in addition to teachers, as the key coupling agents in the schools of a Chinese global city. Although the phenomenon of decoupling in educational policy is widely recognized, much less attention has been paid to the micro-dynamics involved in implementing education reform policy from the perspective of students and teachers. It is argued that these local actors’ experiences are best captured by the bi-dimensional framework of loose coupling and pedagogic modalities. This argument is illustrated through a case study of the implementation of the Liberal Studies reform under Senior Secondary Curriculum in Hong Kong since 2009. The study demonstrates how students and teachers interpret and make sense of policy, strategic, and practical needs manifested in the microprocesses of policy coupling and decoupling.

Effect of Silane Coupling Agents on Flowability and Compressibility of the Compound for Bonded NdFeB Magnet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Zilong Wang ◽  
Tianhao Li ◽  
Shengjie Zhu ◽  
Dunbo Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Ndfeb Magnet ◽  
Silane Coupling
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