The external and data loose coupling for the integration of software units: a systematic mapping study

Integration of legacy and third-party software systems is almost mandatory for enterprises. This fact is based mainly on exchanging information with other entities (banks, suppliers, customers, partners, etc.). That is why it is necessary to guarantee the integrity of the data and keep these integration’s up-to-date due to the different global business changes is facing today to reduce the risk in transactions and avoid losing information. This article presents a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) about integrating software units at the component level. Systematic mapping is a methodology that has been widely used in medical research and has recently begun to be used in Software Engineering to classify and structure the research results that have been published to know the advances in a topic and identify research gaps. This work aims to organize the existing evidence in the current scientific literature on integrating software units for external and data loose coupling. This information can establish lines of research and work that must be addressed to improve the integration of low-level systems.

The Post-entrepreneurial University: The Case for Resilience in Higher Education

Historically speaking, the university has been a highly resilient organizational form; however recent pressures to become entrepreneurial threaten the institutional foundations on which that reliance is based. The chapter first provides conceptual clarity by revisiting what we argue are two distinct schools of thought on the entrepreneurial university. We show how the economic school’s conception intertwines with the rise of New Public Management (NPM) in Europe in the late 1990s and early 2000s, reframing the concept in ways that made it incompatible with resilience thinking. However, we argue that by tying back into ‘lost’ elements of sociological school’s conception, and associating them with concepts from complex systems literature (loose coupling, slack, and requisite diversity), a hybrid model which is both resilient and entrepreneurial can be achieved. We call this the post-entrepreneurial university.

A Framework for Migration of SOA based Applications to Microservices Architecture

This Distributed systems have evolved rapidly as the demand for independent design, and deployment ofsoftware applications has increased. It has emerged from the monolithic style of client-server architecture toservice-oriented architecture, and then to the trending microservices. Monolithic applications are difficult toupdate, maintain, and deploy as it makes the application code very complex to understand. To overcome the designand deployment challenges in monolithic applications, service oriented architecture has emerged as a style ofdecomposing the entire application into loosely coupled, scalable, and interoperable services. Though SOA hasbecome popular in the integration of multiple applications using the enterprise service bus, there are fewchallenges related to delivery, deployment, governance, and interoperability of services. Additionally, the servicesin SOA applications are tending towards monolithic in size with the increase in changing user requirements. Toovercome the design and maintenance challenges in SOA, microservices has emerged as a new architectural styleof designing applications with loose coupling, independent deployment, and scalability as key features.

Effects of Unbalanced Lamination Parameters on the Static Aeroelasticity of a High Aspect Ratio Wing

In this paper, in order to understand the influence of the unbalanced coefficient of composite laminates on the static aeroelasticity of high aspect wings, a series of numerical simulation calculations were carried out, and this work wants to provide some reference for the structural design of aircraft. Considering the influence of geometric nonlinearity, the unidirectional fluid-solid coupling calculation method based on loose coupling is used to control the change of unbalanced coefficient of laminates on the basis of layering angle, layering thickness, and layering region, so as to observe the changes caused to the wings. The relationship between the unbalanced coefficient and the constant thickness layup and the variable thickness layup with 0° and ±45° layup angles was studied, respectively. Then, the layup angle of 90° was added to study the influence of the unbalanced coefficient on the static aeroelasticity of the wing structure with the change of the layup angle and the different choice of layup region. The results show that the deformation is the smallest when the unbalanced coefficient is 0.5, and the deformation trend is evenly distributed along both sides when the unbalanced coefficient is 0.5. When the unbalanced coefficient is changed, adding the 90° layup angle can significantly reduce the overall deformation of the wing and show different sensitivity characteristics to different layup areas. The increase of the unbalanced coefficient makes the chordal displacement gradually change from linear distribution to nonlinear distribution along the spread direction, and the displacement will gradually decrease.

Patterns for Migration of SOA Based Applications to Microservices Architecture

Service oriented architecture (SOA) has been widely used in the design of enterprise applications over the last two decades. Though SOA has become popular in the integration of multiple applications using the enterprise service bus, there are few challenges related to delivery, deployment, governance, and interoperability of services. To overcome the design and maintenance challenges in SOA, a new architecture of microservices has emerged with loose coupling, independent deployment, and scalability as its key features. With the advent of microservices, software architects have started to migrate legacy systems to microservice architecture. However, many challenges arise during the migration of SOA to microservices, including the decomposition of SOA to microservice, the testing of microservices designed using different programming languages, and the monitoring the microservices. In this paper, we aim to provide patterns for the most recurring problems highlighted in the literature i.e, the decomposition of SOA services, the size of each microservice, and the detection of anomalies in microservices. The suggested patterns are combined with our experience in the migration of SOA-based applications to the microservices architecture, and we have also used these patterns in the migration of other SOA applications. We evaluated these patterns with the help of a standard web-based application.

Financial sustainability in Malaysian public universities: coping with or embracing change?

PurposeThis paper explores the institutionalisation of a financial sustainability agenda in Malaysian public universities.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses semi-structured interviews and document analysis. New Institutional Sociology and the institutional logics perspective are utilised to frame the study and explain findings.FindingsThe findings reveal that universities manage the conflicting academic and financial logics to co-exist to ensure legitimacy and survival. By compartmentalising the functions of key divisions and through loose coupling, universities are able to support dual logics.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides university management and policy makers with insights into how leading universities in Malaysia cope with a financial sustainability agenda.Originality/valueThe present study documents how universities cope with and respond to government reforms and budgetary cuts in the context of a developing country, Malaysia. Most prior research in the area focuses on individual or organisational responses. This paper examines organisational-level responses but goes deeper to understand how universities, through three key divisions; bursaries, corporate strategy divisions and faculties manage to enable the multiple logics to co-exist through compartmentalisation and loose coupling.

Chinese Bureaucracy Through Three Lenses: Weberian, Confucian, and Marchian

ABSTRACT Chinese bureaucracy, with its long history and distinctive characteristics, has provided the organizational basis of governance and played a pivotal role in the economic takeoff in recent decades. Chinese bureaucracy also shows intriguing dualism between entrepreneurial activism and bureaucratic inertia, between formal rules and informal institutions, and between high responsiveness and noticeable loose coupling. In this study, I explore these distinctive features of Chinese bureaucracy through three lenses: Weber's comparative-historical approach helps locate Chinese bureaucracy in a distinct mode of domination; the Confucian lens identifies the prevalence of informal institutions that underlie bureaucratic behaviors; and the Marchian lens sheds light on the organized anarchy and set of mechanisms that shape the key characteristics of Chinese bureaucracy.