Evidence-Based Case Studies in Osteoporosis

2007 ◽  
pp. 343-366
Author(s):  
Clifford J. Rosen ◽  
Sue A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Evidence Based

scholarly journals Health Workforce Development in Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: The Need for Evidence-Based Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3382
Author(s):  
Kevin K. C. Hung ◽  
Sonoe Mashino ◽  
Emily Y. Y. Chan ◽  
Makiko K. MacDermot ◽  
Satchit Balsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Literature Reviews

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 placed human health at the centre of disaster risk reduction, calling for the global community to enhance local and national health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). The Health EDRM Framework, published in 2019, describes the functions required for comprehensive disaster risk management across prevention, preparedness, readiness, response, and recovery to improve the resilience and health security of communities, countries, and health systems. Evidence-based Health EDRM workforce development is vital. However, there are still significant gaps in the evidence identifying common competencies for training and education programmes, and the clarification of strategies for workforce retention, motivation, deployment, and coordination. Initiated in June 2020, this project includes literature reviews, case studies, and an expert consensus (modified Delphi) study. Literature reviews in English, Japanese, and Chinese aim to identify research gaps and explore core competencies for Health EDRM workforce training. Thirteen Health EDRM related case studies from six WHO regions will illustrate best practices (and pitfalls) and inform the consensus study. Consensus will be sought from global experts in emergency and disaster medicine, nursing, public health and related disciplines. Recommendations for developing effective health workforce strategies for low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries will then be disseminated.

Managing Public Services Innovation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Walker ◽  
Emma L. Jeanes ◽  
Robert O. Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Housing Association ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Services Innovation ◽  
Longitudinal Case Studies

<i>Managing Public Services Innovation</i> provides an in-depth exploration of innovation and its management in the housing association sector. Drawing on longitudinal case studies and data sets, it explores techniques to develop evidence-based policy in the housing association sector, and makes recommendations for best practice.

HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND CLINICAL DECISION MAKING:

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Granados
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Systematic Process

This paper examines the rationality of the concepts underlying evidence—based medicineand health technology assessment (HTA), which are part of a new current aimed at promoting the use of the results of scientific studies for decision making in health care. It describes the different approaches and purposes of this worldwide movement, in relation to clinical decision making, through a summarized set of specific HTA case studies from Catalonia, Spain. The examples illustrate how the systematic process of HTA can help in several types of uncertainties related to clinical decision making.

scholarly journals Rethinking Streets for Physical Distancing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Schlossberg ◽  
◽  
Rebecca Lewis ◽  
Aliza Whalen ◽  
Clare Haley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spatial Equity ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Primary Output ◽  
Page Book

This report summarizes the primary output of this project, a book of COVID-era street reconfiguration case studies called Rethinking Streets During COVID-19: An Evidence-Based Guide to 25 Quick Redesigns for Physical Distancing, Public Use, and Spatial Equity. COVID-era needs have accelerated the process that many communities use to make street transformations due to: a need to remain physically distanced from others outside our immediate household; a need for more outdoor space close to home in every part of every community to access and enjoy; a need for more space to provide efficient mobility for essential workers in particular; and a need for more space for local businesses as they try to remain open safely. This project is the third in a series of NITC-supported case study books on best practices in street reconfigurations for more active, sustainable, and in this case, COVID-supportive uses. The full, 154-page book is available for free download from the National Institute for Transportation and Communities (NITC).

Building Off of Evidence-Based Policies: The CDC’s Health Impact in 5 Years (HI-5) Initiative and CityHealth, an Initiative of the de Beaumont Foundation and Kaiser Permanente

2019 ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Skillen ◽  
Shelley Hearne
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Levels

This chapter discusses the importance of evidence and describe work in the CDC's HI-5 Initiative and the de Beaumont Foundation's CityHealth program to distill the broad range of evidence on effective policies into a form more readily actionable at state and local levels. Successful policymaking does not have to be mysterious; the chapter argues. The science and art of good policymaking involves identifying evidence-based options, conducting feasibility assessments, and fostering strategic partnerships. The chapter presents some critical factors for developing and implementing policy. The chapter relates these to the work in the two case studies it presents.

scholarly journals Place crowd safety, crowd science? Case studies and application

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Still ◽  
Marina Papalexi ◽  
Yiyi Fan ◽  
David Bamford
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Evidence Based Model ◽  
Ice Model

Purpose This paper aims to explore the development and application of place crowd safety management tools for areas of public assembly and major events, from a practitioner perspective. Design/methodology/approach The crowd safety risk assessment model is known as design, information, management-ingress, circulation, egress (DIM-ICE) (Still, 2009) is implemented to optimise crowd safety and potentially throughput. Three contrasting case studies represent examples of some of the world’s largest and most challenging crowd safety projects. Findings The paper provides some insight into how the DIM-ICE model can be used to aid strategic planning at major events, assess potential crowd risks and to avoid potential crowd safety issues. Practical implications It provides further clarity to what effective place management practice is. Evidence-based on the case studies demonstrates that the application of the DIM-ICE model is useful for recognising potential place crowd safety issues and identifying areas for require improvement. Originality/value Crowd science is an emerging field of research, which is primarily motivated by place crowd safety issues in congested places; the application and reporting of an evidence-based model (i.e. DIM-ICE model) add to this. The paper addresses a research gap related to the implementation of analytic tools in characterising place crowd dynamics.

Examining the Empirical Realities of Proactive Policing Through Systematic Observations and Computer-Aided Dispatch Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Lum ◽  
Christopher S. Koper ◽  
Xiaoyun Wu ◽  
William Johnson ◽  
Megan Stoltz
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Proactive Policing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Police Community Relations ◽  
Evidence Based Policing

The 2017 National Academies of Sciences (NAS) Committee and Report on Proactive Policing highlighted what we know about the effects of proactive policing practices on crime prevention and police–community relations. However, the evaluation evidence reviewed by the NAS, which largely comes from case studies of carefully managed proactive initiatives, does not provide a basis for estimating how extensively these practices are used or whether they are used in the most effective ways. Accordingly, it is unclear whether police proactivity as practiced on an everyday basis reflects optimal strategies and implementation methods as recommended by the NAS. This study addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing almost 2 million computer-aided dispatch records from four agencies and systematically observing 84 officers for more than 180 hours to better understand the empirical realities of police proactivity. The findings indicate a major difference between the types of proactive interventions supported by research and the practice of everyday police proactivity. Specifically, proactive policing practices are limited in scope and are often implemented in less than optimal ways. A large proportion of proactive activities are also not recorded, rewarded, or supervised, indicating that patrol commanders may have little control over, or awareness of, proactive deployment. From an evidence-based policing perspective, much more effort is needed to record and track proactivity to measure its impacts (both positive and negative) and align it with what we now know about effective proactive activity from research.

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