Proteases Produced by Vibrio cholerae and Other Pathogenic Vibrios: Pathogenic Roles and Expression

2010 ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumio Shinoda
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios

Evaluation of Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile Salts-Sucrose Agar, a Selective Medium for the Isolation of Vibrio cholerae and Other Pathogenic Vibrios

1974 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. McCormack ◽  
W. E. DeWitt ◽  
P. E. Bailey ◽  
G. K. Morris ◽  
P. Soeharjono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios

Occurrence of Vibrios in Frozen Seafoods and Survival of Psychrotrophic Vibrio cholerae in Broth and Shrimp Homogenate at Low Temperatures

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIN-CHUNG WONG ◽  
LI-LI CHEN ◽  
CHUNG-MING YU
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios

Pathogenic vibrios are important etiologic agents in tropical regions and have been frequently recovered from seafoods and aquacultured foods. In this study, commercially frozen seafoods including peeled shrimps and fish and shrimp dumplings were examined. Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae and Vibria fluvialis were recovered at 36.0%, 15.8%, 14.9% and 13.2%, respectively. A number of psychrotrophic vibrios were selected and their survival in tryptic soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) (TSBS medium) and shrimp homogenate at 4°C and −30°C were studied. Two psychrotrophic non-O1 V. cholerae (laboratory stocks no 128 and 129) survived well at these low temperatures. Counts decreased by about 1 log/ml in TSBS medium at 4°C for 6 days and 3 log/ml at −30°C for 3 days. Shrimp homogenate provided better protection than TSBS medium for psychrotrophic V. cholerae at −30°C. Survival of V. cholerae at low temperatures was further increased by the addition of 0.5% of heated pyrophosphate and metaphosphate, probably by decreasing the lethality of the cold injury to the cells. Measures should be taken to minimize the risk from pathogenic vibrios in frozen seafoods, especially if phosphates are used and psychrotrophic strains are present.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Heme Iron Utilization Systems of Pathogenic Vibrios

1999 ◽  
Vol 181 (11) ◽  
pp. 3594-3598 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. O’Malley ◽  
S. L. Mouton ◽  
D. A. Occhino ◽  
M. T. Deanda ◽  
J. R. Rashidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Vibrio Fluvialis ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios ◽  
Iron Utilization

ABSTRACT Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis, andVibrio parahaemolyticus utilized heme and hemoglobin as iron sources and contained chromosomal DNA similar to severalVibrio cholerae heme iron utilization genes. A V. parahaemolyticus gene that performed the function of V. cholerae hutA was isolated. A portion of the tonB1locus of V. parahaemolyticus was sequenced and found to encode proteins similar in amino acid sequence to V. cholerae HutW, TonB1, and ExbB1. A recombinant plasmid containing the V. cholerae tonB1 and exbB1D1 genes complemented a V. alginolyticus heme utilization mutant. These data suggest that the heme iron utilization systems of the pathogenic vibrios tested, particularly V. parahaemolyticusand V. alginolyticus, are similar at the DNA level, the functional level, and, in the case of V. parahaemolyticus, the amino acid sequence or protein level to that of V. cholerae.

scholarly journals Vibrio cholerae Incursion in Africa, the Journey So Far

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarh, Jacqueline Ebob ◽  
C. I. Mboto ◽  
B. E. E. Asikong ◽  
Iroegbu Christian Ukwuoma
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Fishing Villages ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios ◽  
El Tor

Indeed, a host of the plenty of reports about pathogenic Vibrios, have been from African researchers. And they assert that this severe diarrhea causing agent originated from Asia thousands of years ago and spread (first, via the sea route) affecting particularly the coastal towns and fishing villages, before moving to other parts of the world. Following the primary cholera outbreak of 1868, Vibrio cholera, appeared in the Atlantic coast of West Africa. The pathogen then invaded African countries chronologically beginning with Guinea, then Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d’ivoire, Mali, Togo, Dahomey, Upper Volt (Burki Na-faso) and finally Nigeria (Lagos) and Niger in December, 1970. Various serogroups (O139 and O1 with biotypes Classical and El Tor) and Serotypes of O1 (Ogawa, Inaba and Hikojima) and recently, the O395 strain have been reported; especially from outbreaks reported from hotspots that are close to riverine areas. This suggests that these emergent pathogenic species originate from around water environments probably from the non-pathogenic strains. This condition is likely harnessed by Lateral Gene Transfer (LGT), which is seen to occur usually between pandemic V. cholerae and environmental strains; a situation that may result in the creation of new pandemic strains. Therefore, in order to better understand and appreciate the evolution of the Vibrio cholerae strains that are involved in epidemics, and the relationship between the species causing particular epidemics in different regions of Africa, a study of the molecular picture of the environmental strains and the mechanisms by which the pathogenic Vibrio cholera strains appear and diffuse from these strains is necessary. This review seeks to trace the origin and spread route of Vibrio cholerae strains causing epidemics in different regions of the African continent (Nigeria in particular) with the aim of establishing relationships between the strains causing epidemics in these regions. This will help in the development of better intervention strategies to contain the disease.

Occurrence, Seasonal Distribution, and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish (Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus) Collected in Sardinia (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
SONIA LAMON ◽  
SIMONETTA G. CONSOLATI ◽  
FEDERICA FOIS ◽  
MARIA G. CAMBULA ◽  
MARGHERITA PES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Ruditapes Decussatus ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios ◽  
Vibrio Spp

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the occurrence, seasonal distribution, and molecular characterization of pathogenic vibrios in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and grooved carpet shells (Ruditapes decussatus) from two harvesting areas of Sardinia (Italy). Samples collected before and after depuration were submitted for qualitative and quantitative determination of Vibrio spp. Vibrio spp. isolates were presumptively identified by means of biochemical methods. Identification and virulence profile of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus were performed by molecular methods. The prevalence of Vibrio spp. in M. galloprovincialis and R. decussatus was, respectively, 96 and 77%. The averaged enumeration (mean ± standard deviation) of Vibrio spp. in samples of M. galloprovincialis and R. decussatus collected at the harvesting time was 2.04 ± 0.45 and 2.51 ± 0.65 log CFU/g, respectively. The average contamination levels in samples collected after purification were 2.28 ± 0.58 log CFU/g (M. galloprovincialis) and 2.12 ± 0.67 log CFU/g (R. decussatus). Four potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus isolates (tdh+ or trh+) were recovered from grooved carpet shells samples. No isolate was tdh+/trh+. The presence of potentially pathogenic vibrios in Sardinian waters strengthens the need for rational purification practices under controlled conditions to guarantee the protection of consumers.

In vivo Production of Soluble Inorganic Pyrophosphatases in Two Strains of Vibrio cholerae

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Taslima Taher Lina ◽  
Mohammad Ilias
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Strain ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Atcc Strain ◽  
The Family ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

The in vivo production of soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) was investigated in two strains, namely, Vibrio cholerae EM 004 (environmental strain) and Vibrio cholerae O1 757 (ATCC strain). V. cholerae is known to contain both family I and family II PPase coding sequences. The production of family I and family II PPases were determined by measuring the enzyme activity in cell extracts. The effects of pH, temperature, salinity of the growth medium on the production of soluble PPases were studied. In case of family I PPase, V. cholerae EM 004 gave the highest specific activity at pH 9.0, with 2% NaCl + 0.011% NaF and at 37°C. The strain V. cholerae O1 757 gave the highest specific activity at pH 9.0, with media containing 0% NaCl and at 37°C. On the other hand, under all the conditions family II PPase did not give any significant specific activity, suggesting that the family II PPase was not produced in vivo in either strains of V. cholerae under different experimental conditions. Keywords: Vibrio cholerae, Pyrophosphatases (PPases), Specific activityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1235 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 38-41

Exemplar Abstract for Vibrio cholerae Pacini 1854 (Approved Lists 1980).

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Dorothea Taylor ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae
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