Since the formation of WHO in the 1940s, global and national programmes have used ‘maternal and child health’ (MCH) as the foundation. However, over subsequent decades specific aspects have been neglected, notably newborns, stillbirths, and adolescents. Adopting a lifecycle approach brings attention to these target populations, with a shift from MCH to RMNCH+A (reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health, and adolescents). Two thirds of maternal, newborn, and child deaths could be prevented with essential, integrated packages of care. These interventions should be connected through time (across the life course) and place (across different levels of care from communities to facilities, and different types of care including preventive, curative, and palliative care). This enhances cost-effectiveness, uptake of services and health promotion, and is a concept known as the ‘continuum of care’.