Assessing Multidimensional Sustainability of European Countries with a Novel, Two-Stage DEA

Abstract Facing multiple and often considered as conflicting stakes, either economical, migratory, or environmental, policy-making may struggle to identify and implement relevant policy action allowing for balanced and joint completion of such challenges. Addressing this important public issue, we develop a multi-criteria two-stage Goal Programming (GP) model to identify optimal policy paths towards the Europe 2020 strategy on economic growth, employment levels and environmental sustainability. The model is calibrated on current contributions of economic sectors in all European countries to each policy objective: contribution to economic output (GDP), emissions of Green House Gas, electric consumption and number of jobs. First, we study the optimal allocation of workers within economic sectors of each European country to maximize the joint achievement of Europe 2020 multi criteria sustainability targets. We then extend the model to allow cooperation between states, namely allowing internal migrations of workers between countries. We highlight how supranational allocation schemes of surplus workers improve the satisfaction of national sustainability objectives. Finally, we consider extra-European migrants regional integration and study the consequences of such opening over EU2020 targets satisfaction and per capita GDP. Simulation results highlight countries performance comparison, and sheds light on significant benefits from such cooperation for the majority of countries. Improved integration of internal and external workforce generally improves the achievement of EU2020 objectives, while keeping per capita GDP at least constant. Moreover, we expose the relevance of cooperative work-flows allocation strategies across Europe and emphasize the importance of workers mobility in order to ensure more sustainable common development.

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The “New” Cultural Cleavage in Western Europe: A Coalescence of Religious and Secular Value Divides?

Politics and Religion ◽

10.1017/s175504831900049x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 445-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Pless ◽

Paul Tromp ◽

Dick Houtman

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Western Europe ◽

European Countries ◽

Cultural Value ◽

Two Stage ◽

Cultural Divide ◽

Strongly Connected ◽

European Values ◽

European Values Study ◽

Western European

AbstractMoral traditionalism versus progressiveness and secular authoritarianism versus libertarianism are often understood as central to the same “new” cultural cleavage in politics. Despite the often-found sizable correlations between these two cultural value divides, the present paper theorizes that this relationship is not a cross-contextual constant, but rather a specific feature of secularized contexts where moral traditionalism is relatively marginal. We test this theory by means of a two-stage statistical analysis of the data from the four waves of the European Values Study (1981–2008) for 17 Western European countries. Our findings confirm that the two value divides are most strongly connected in the most secularized contexts because the latter are least morally traditionalist. While the two cultural divides hence tend to be distinct in more religious Western-European countries, they tend to coalesce into one single “new” cultural divide in more secular ones.

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The efficiency of social public expenditure in European countries: a two-stage analysis

Applied Economics ◽

10.1080/00036846.2018.1489522 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 47-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maria Alessandra Antonelli ◽

Valeria De Bonis

Keyword(s):

Public Expenditure ◽

European Countries ◽

Two Stage ◽

Stage Analysis

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Estimation of Some Proportion in a Clustered Population

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2009.14.4.14469 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 473-487

Author(s):

D. Krapavickaitė

Keyword(s):

Adult Education ◽

Formal Education ◽

Sampling Design ◽

European Countries ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Official Statistics ◽

Two Stage ◽

Alternative Design ◽

Traditional Design ◽

Adult Education Survey

The aim of this paper is to show that the traditional design-based estimator for the proportion of population units, associated with at least one subunit having an attribute of interest using the two-stage sampling design, is biased. We face such a situation in the Adult Education Survey of official statistics of the European countries when estimating the share of individuals in non-formal education, involved in job-related learning activities. The alternative design and model-based estimators are proposed.

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Two-stage self-seeding method for preparation of single crystals of poly(phenylene sulfide)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100153816 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 368-369

Author(s):

Sengshiu Chung ◽

Peggy Cebe

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

High Performance ◽

Dilute Solution ◽

Two Stage ◽

Annealing Behavior ◽

High Performance Polymers ◽

Seeding Method ◽

Phenylene Sulfide

We are studying the crystallization and annealing behavior of high performance polymers, like poly(p-pheny1ene sulfide) PPS, and poly-(etheretherketone), PEEK. Our purpose is to determine whether PPS, which is similar in many ways to PEEK, undergoes reorganization during annealing. In an effort to address the issue of reorganization, we are studying solution grown single crystals of PPS as model materials.Observation of solution grown PPS crystals has been reported. Even from dilute solution, embrionic spherulites and aggregates were formed. We observe that these morphologies result when solutions containing uncrystallized polymer are cooled. To obtain samples of uniform single crystals, we have used two-stage self seeding and solution replacement techniques.

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Averting robo-bees: why free-flying robotic bees are a bad idea

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20190063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 723-729

Author(s):

Roslyn Gleadow ◽

Jim Hanan ◽

Alan Dorin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Computer Simulation ◽

Food Security ◽

European Countries ◽

Plant Interactions ◽

Plant Insect Interactions ◽

Native Habitat ◽

Insect Pollinators ◽

Insect Interactions

Food security and the sustainability of native ecosystems depends on plant-insect interactions in countless ways. Recently reported rapid and immense declines in insect numbers due to climate change, the use of pesticides and herbicides, the introduction of agricultural monocultures, and the destruction of insect native habitat, are all potential contributors to this grave situation. Some researchers are working towards a future where natural insect pollinators might be replaced with free-flying robotic bees, an ecologically problematic proposal. We argue instead that creating environments that are friendly to bees and exploring the use of other species for pollination and bio-control, particularly in non-European countries, are more ecologically sound approaches. The computer simulation of insect-plant interactions is a far more measured application of technology that may assist in managing, or averting, ‘Insect Armageddon' from both practical and ethical viewpoints.

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