Advanced Imaging Techniques and In vivo Histology: Current Status and Future Perspectives (Lower G.I.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Pujan Kandel ◽  
Michael B. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Advanced Imaging

scholarly journals Assessment and Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Comparison of Imaging Modalities and Future Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3521
Author(s):  
Valeria Romeo ◽  
Giuseppe Accardo ◽  
Teresa Perillo ◽  
Luca Basso ◽  
Nunzia Garbino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Advanced Imaging

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced breast cancer, aiming to reduce tumor size before surgery. Unfortunately, less than 30% of patients generally achieve a pathological complete response and approximately 5% of patients show disease progression while receiving NAC. Accurate assessment of the response to NAC is crucial for subsequent surgical planning. Furthermore, early prediction of tumor response could avoid patients being overtreated with useless chemotherapy sections, which are not free from side effects and psychological implications. In this review, we first analyze and compare the accuracy of conventional and advanced imaging techniques as well as discuss the application of artificial intelligence tools in the assessment of tumor response after NAC. Thereafter, the role of advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI, nuclear medicine, and new hybrid PET/MRI imaging in the prediction of the response to NAC is described in the second part of the review. Finally, future perspectives in NAC response prediction, represented by AI applications, are discussed.

scholarly journals Neutrophil Reverse Migration Becomes Transparent with Zebrafish

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor W. Starnes ◽  
Anna Huttenlocher
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
A Site

The precise control of neutrophil-mediated inflammation is critical for both host defense and the prevention of immunopathology. In vivo imaging studies in zebrafish, and more recently in mice, have made the novel observation that neutrophils leave a site of inflammation through a process called neutrophil reverse migration. The application of advanced imaging techniques to the genetically tractable, optically transparent zebrafish larvae was critical for these advances. Still, the mechanisms underlying neutrophil reverse migration and its effects on the resolution or priming of immune responses remain unclear. Here, we review the current knowledge of neutrophil reverse migration, its potential roles in host immunity, and the live imaging tools that make zebrafish a valuable model for increasing our knowledge of neutrophil behavior in vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo correlation for lipid-based formulations: Current status and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Huang ◽  
Qin Yu ◽  
Zhongjian Chen ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Quangang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives

scholarly journals Clinically Available Optical Imaging Technologies in Endoscopic Lesion Detection: Current Status and Future Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Zhongyu He ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yuelong Liang ◽  
Zuoming Fu ◽  
Xuesong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Imaging Technologies ◽  
Endoscopic Video

Endoscopic optical imaging technologies for the detection and evaluation of dysplasia and early cancer have made great strides in recent decades. With the capacity of in vivo early detection of subtle lesions, they allow modern endoscopists to provide accurate and effective optical diagnosis in real time. This review mainly analyzes the current status of clinically available endoscopic optical imaging techniques, with emphasis on the latest updates of existing techniques. We summarize current coverage of these technologies in major hospital departments such as gastroenterology, urology, gynecology, otolaryngology, pneumology, and laparoscopic surgery. In order to promote a broader understanding, we further cover the underlying principles of these technologies and analyze their performance. Moreover, we provide a brief overview of future perspectives in related technologies, such as computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) algorithms dealing with exploring endoscopic video data. We believe all these efforts will benefit the healthcare of the community, help endoscopists improve the accuracy of diagnosis, and relieve patients’ suffering.

scholarly journals Thrombogenic Risk Induced by Intravascular Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Coppin ◽  
Etienne Sokal ◽  
Xavier Stéphenne
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Complement Pathway ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Dual Activation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently studied and used in numerous clinical trials. Nevertheless, some concerns have been raised regarding the safety of these infusions and the thrombogenic risk they induce. MSCs express procoagulant activity (PCA) linked to the expression of tissue factor (TF) that, when in contact with blood, initiates coagulation. Some even describe a dual activation of both the coagulation and the complement pathway, called Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction (IBMIR), explaining the disappointing results and low engraftment rates in clinical trials. However, nowadays, different approaches to modulate the PCA of MSCs and thus control the thrombogenic risk after cell infusion are being studied. This review summarizes both in vitro and in vivo studies on the PCA of MSC of various origins. It further emphasizes the crucial role of TF linked to the PCA of MSCs. Furthermore, optimization of MSC therapy protocols using different methods to control the PCA of MSCs are described.

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