Coping with Long-Term Performance Industrial Paving: A Finite Element Model to Support Decision-Making Structural Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
Oliviero Camilli
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Support Decision Making

Heroic leadership illusions in football teams: Rationality, decision making and noise-signal ratio in the firing of football managers

Leadership ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ketil Arnulf ◽  
John Erik Mathisen ◽  
Thorvald Hærem
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Team Leadership ◽  
Noise Signal ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Signal Ratio ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Similar to practices in top management positions worldwide, there has been an increasing tendency in recent decades to fire football managers when the team does not perform to the stakeholders' expectations. Previous research has suggested that improvements after change of manager are a statistical artefact. Based on 12 years of data from the Norwegian Premier League, we conduct a natural experiment showing what would have taken place if the manager had not been fired. In this case, the performance might have improved just as well and even quicker. Building on theories in expertise and decision making, we explore the data and argue that decision makers may be fooled by randomness and learn wrong lessons about team leadership. Our analyses support a post-heroic view of team leadership as an emergent, output variable. Exaggerated focus on the individual manager may ruin long-term performance. Practical implications are discussed.

Comparison of femur strain under different loading scenarios: Experimental testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Ievgen Levadnyi ◽  
Jan Awrejcewicz ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Yaodong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Strain Distribution ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Surface Strain ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Stiffness

Bone fracture, formation and adaptation are related to mechanical strains in bone. Assessing bone stiffness and strain distribution under different loading conditions may help predict diseases and improve surgical results by determining the best conditions for long-term functioning of bone-implant systems. In this study, an experimentally wide range of loading conditions (56) was used to cover the directional range spanned by the hip joint force. Loads for different stance configurations were applied to composite femurs and assessed in a material testing machine. The experimental analysis provides a better understanding of the influence of the bone inclination angle in the frontal and sagittal planes on strain distribution and stiffness. The results show that the surface strain magnitude and stiffness vary significantly under different loading conditions. For the axial compression, maximal bending is observed at the mid-shaft, and bone stiffness is also maximal. The increased inclination leads to decreased stiffness and increased magnitude of maximum strain at the distal end of the femur. For comparative analysis of results, a three-dimensional, finite element model of the femur was used. To validate the finite element model, strain gauges and digital image correlation system were employed. During validation of the model, regression analysis indicated robust agreement between the measured and predicted strains, with high correlation coefficient and low root-mean-square error of the estimate. The results of stiffnesses obtained from multi-loading conditions experiments were qualitatively compared with results obtained from a finite element analysis of the validated model of femur with the same multi-loading conditions. When the obtained numerical results are qualitatively compared with experimental ones, similarities can be noted. The developed finite element model of femur may be used as a promising tool to estimate proximal femur strength and identify the best conditions for long-term functioning of the bone-implant system in future study.

scholarly journals Long-Term Settlement of High Concrete-Face Rockfill Dam by Field Monitoring and Numerical Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xinjie Zhou ◽  
Xinjian Sun ◽  
Junxing Zheng ◽  
Haoyuan Jiang ◽  
Yongye Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Creep Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Rockfill Materials ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Concrete Face

High concrete-face rockfill dams (CFRDs) with heights of over 100 m have been quickly developed in recent years. The self-weight of rockfill materials causes creep deformation of the dam body. However, the creep analysis method of high CFRDs in finite element software is few, and sometimes, it can also not reflect the long-term performance of high CFRDs well. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the secondary development in finite element software. This study developed a subroutine that can run in Finite Element Method (FEM) platform ABAQUS to simulate long-term creep deformation behavior of the rockfill materials more accurately. Then, a displacement back-analysis for parameters, based on the Xujixia high CFRD project, is performed by the neural network response surface method (BP-MPGA/MPGA). Remarkable agreements are observed between simulation and field monitoring results. The calibrated FEM model is used to predict stress and deformation behavior of the Xujixia high CFRD after three years of operation period. The result indicates that rockfill creep deformation has a significant impact on stress and deformation of the high CFRD during the operation. This research may predict long-term performance using FEM in the design stage for high CFRDs.

A new test method for evaluating the long-term performance of fiber-reinforced concrete pipes

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1336-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad T Al Rikabi ◽  
Shad M Sargand ◽  
Issam Khoury ◽  
John Kurdziel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Concrete Pipes ◽  
Concrete Pipe ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Synthetic fibers have been used recently to minimize the need for steel reinforcement in the concrete pipe to enhance their ductility. However, synthetic fiber has properties that may change over time due to its viscoelastic behavior. The objective of this study is to investigate the long-term performance of fiber-reinforced concrete pipes using a new test frame. A three-dimensional finite element model was created for the long-term testing frame to ensure its compliance with the American Society for Testing and Materials requirement. The finite element results showed that the testing frame successfully transferred the load to the concrete as the pipe cracked at the location where high flexural stresses are expected. Concrete pipe reinforced with synthetic fiber dosage of 9 kg/m3 along the steel reinforcement area of 5.7 cm2/m was tested to evaluate the concrete pipe system performance. The pipe was tested under two load stages for 120 days each. Load stages 1 and 2 included applying 40% and 70% of the ultimate load obtained by the authors in a previous study, respectively. The strain and deflection increased linearly within 5 days of applying the load and then leveled off. The pipe showed a slight increase in the crack width and deflection, indicating that fiber creep did not have a significant impact on the long-term performance of the concrete pipe. Also, it was observed that strain values surpassed those for plain concrete material, suggesting that including synthetic fiber in the concrete pipe mix enhanced the pipe ductility.

Finite Element Model for Analysis of Time-Dependent Behaviour of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arches

2014 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 606-611
Author(s):  
Kai Luo ◽  
Yong Lin Pi ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Mark A. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Time Dependent Behaviour ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Dependent Behaviour

This paper presents a finite element model for the linear and nonlinear analysis of time-dependent behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arches. It is known when a CFST arch is subjected to a sustained load, the visco-elastic effects of creep in the concrete core will result in significant increases of the deformations and internal forces in the long-term. In this paper, a finite element model is developed using the age-adjusted effective modulus method to describe the creep behaviour of the concrete core. The finite element results of long-term displacement and stress redistribution agree very well with their analytical counterparts. The finite element model is then used to compare the linear and nonlinear results for the long-term behaviour of shallow CFST arches. It is demonstrated that the linear analysis underestimates the long-term deformations and internal force significantly and that to predict the time-dependent behaviour shallow CFST arches accurately, the nonlinear analysis is essential.

Complicated Super High-Rise Structural Model Conversion Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Xing Zhang ◽  
Qun Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Finite Element Technology ◽  
Design And Construction ◽  
Conversion Technology

Abstract. With the development of building science and technology, there are more and more super high-rise buildings. Meanwhile, difficulties in structural design and construction are also on the rise. As the finite element technology field develops, there are numerous types of structural design software, with different mutual functional characteristics. In order to satisfy the design and construction calculation of large-scale engineering, formats of different structural models shall be converted frequently, so as to satisfy the demand of design and construction calculation. In this paper, a simple method will be sought for converting the finite element model of SAP2000 structural design into ANSYS finite element model based on super high-rise structural design model by combining the practical engineering. After conversion, simple APDL [1] programming can be applied for realizing the conversion technology of model.

scholarly journals The effect of decision time horizon on short termism: An experimental approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4, special issue) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
Abdallah Bader Mahmoud Alzoubi ◽  
Gavin Nicholson ◽  
Mohammad Bader Mahmoud Alzoubi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Short Termism

Short-termism (i.e., the sub-optimal favouring of short-term performance over long-term performance) is generally explained as an outcome of the agency relationship whereby self-interested managers and/or stock market pressures distort the balance between short and long-term performance. We investigate if short termism (Crilly, 2017; Reilly, Souder, & Ranucci, 2016) is due to cognitive bias (temporal distortion) rather than agency costs. We test these hypotheses with an experimental approach by applying a 3x2 factorial design to manipulate temporal distortion on 60 non-conflicted decision-makers. Results suggest that individuals make inconsistent investment decisions based on differing payout time horizons. Participants faced with simple comparisons between investment opportunities were consistent across different time periods and followed a model of rational decision-making. In contrast, more complex decisions led to intertemporal inconsistency. We provide evidence that: 1) individuals on the whole struggle to deal with incorporating time into business decisions in a consistent way causing us to question the link between short-termism and agency theory; 2) principals likely view investment decisions inconsistently across time and so are a cause of sub-optimal investment decision-making and 3) we need to look beyond studies of moral hazard associated with agency theory and/or myopic market pricing when investigating short-termism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document