Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) or Cerebral Oximetry

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Peter Reinstrup
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oximetry

scholarly journals Features of cerebral oximetry indicators in different types of combined anesthesia in children with congenital surgical pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
A.О. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oximetry ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Co2 ◽  
Combined Anesthesia ◽  
The Brain

Background. In the past decade, near-infrared spectroscopy has gained popularity in neonatal wards. Taking into account modern international experience, the presented work assesses the features of cerebral oximetry in children with surgical congenital malformations under various types of combined anesthesia. The purpose of the study was to assess the state of cerebral oxygenation in newborns and infants with congenital malformations in various types of anesthetic support. Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 150 newborns and infants with surgical congenital malformations, depending on the anesthesia (inhalation + regional anesthesia; inhalation + intravenous and total intravenous anesthesia). The parameters of cerebral oximetry were analyzed in comparison with peripheral saturation, blood pressure, partial pressure of CO2, O2 in the blood, and pH. Results. The minimum index of cerebral oximetry was observed in the left brain hemisphere of children in group I — 50.57 ± 16.66 that may be an unfavorable prognostic factor for further recovery and influence on the cognitive functions of the brain. One hour after the operation, the children of the first group, who received combined anesthesia with sevorane and regional anesthesia, showed the worse indicators of cerebral oxi­metry compared to groups II and III (rSO2 of the right hemisphere in the first group — 56.84 ± 12.27, rSO2 of the left hemisphere in the first group — 57.53 ± 13.32, p = 0.0001; 0.0028), while the differences in this indicator between groups II and III were not found (p = 0.4167; 0.4029). Conclusions. Near-infrared spectroscopy has proven to be a simple, feasible and useful method for monitoring the oxygen saturation of the brain. When choosing a combined anesthesia by inhalation and regional anesthesia in child­ren with congenital malformations for surgical treatment, cerebral oxyge­nation should be more carefully monitored with additional control of peripheral saturation, blood pressure, partial pressure of CO2, O2 in the blood and pH.

scholarly journals Brain monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy to predict outcome after cardiac arrest: a novel phenotype in a rat model of cardiac arrest

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Takegawa ◽  
Kei Hayashida ◽  
Rishabh Choudhary ◽  
Daniel M. Rolston ◽  
Lance B. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oximetry ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Ca Model

AbstractImproving neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest (CA) is the most important patient-oriented outcome for CA research. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables a non-invasive, real-time measurement of regional cerebral oxygen saturation. Here, we demonstrate a novel, non-invasive measurement using NIRS, termed modified cerebral oximetry index (mCOx), to distinguish the severity of brain injury after CA. We aimed to test the feasibility of this method to predict neurological outcome after asphyxial CA in rats. Our results suggest that mCOx is feasible shortly after resuscitation and can provide a surrogate measure for the severity of brain injury in a rat asphyxia CA model.

Arterial and Venous Contributions to Near-infrared Cerebral Oximetry

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Marc Watzman ◽  
C. Dean Kurth ◽  
Lisa M. Montenegro ◽  
Jonathan Rome ◽  
James M. Steven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Cerebral Oximetry ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Arterial Oxygen

Background Cerebral oximetry is a noninvasive bedside technology using near-infrared light to monitor cerebral oxygen saturation (Sco2) in an uncertain mixture of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The present study used frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy to determine the ratio of arterial and venous blood monitored by cerebral oximetry during normoxia, hypoxia, and hypocapnia. Methods Twenty anesthetized children aged < 8 yr with congenital heart disease of varying arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) were studied during cardiac catheterization. Sco2, Sao2, and jugular bulb oxygen saturation (Sjo2) were measured by frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy and blood oximetry at normocapnia room air, normocapnia 100% inspired O2, and hypocapnia room air. Results Among subject conditions, Sao2 ranged from 68% to 100%, Sjo2 from 27% to 96%, and Sco2 from 29% to 92%. Sco2 was significantly related to Sao2 (y = 0. 85 x -17, r = 0.47), Sjo2 (y = 0.77 x +13, r = 0.70), and the combination (Sco2 = 0.46 Sao2 + 0.56 Sjo2 - 17, R = 0.71). The arterial and venous contribution to cerebral oximetry was 16 +/- 21% and 84 +/- 21%, respectively (where Sco2 = alpha Sao2 + beta Sjo2 with alpha and beta being arterial and venous contributions). The contribution was similar among conditions but differed significantly among subjects (range, approximately 40:60 to approximately 0:100, arterial:venous). Conclusions Cerebral oximetry monitors an arterial/venous ratio of 16:84, similar in normoxia, hypoxia, and hypocapnia. Because of biologic variation in cerebral arterial/venous ratios, use of a fixed ratio is not a good method to validate the technology.

scholarly journals Limitation of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Cerebral Oximetry in Predicting Neurologic Intolerance during Carotid Artery Stenting with Proximal Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bilgi ◽  
Rajeeb Kumar Mishra ◽  
Aravinda HR ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oximetry ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Bilateral Carotid

AbstractProximal balloon occlusion prior to carotid artery stenting is considered a relatively safe practice during endovascular treatment of carotid artery stenosis. Transient neurological deterioration affecting the ipsilateral hemisphere is seen soon after balloon inflation, when placed proximal to the stenotic segment. This occurs in cases of bilateral carotid disease due to insufficient collateral blood flow from the contralateral side. Near infrared spectroscopy cerebral oximetry (NIRS) is a valuable tool in detecting hypoperfusion- induced cerebral tissue desaturation (rSO2) during these procedures. This helps the interventional radiologist to deflate the balloon at the earliest to re-establish the cerebral blood flow. The non-invasive nature and continuous real-time interpretation make NIRS an attractive adjunct in the neuroanesthesiolgist's armamentarium for monitoring cerebral ischemia. However, significant contribution from chromophores in the extra-cerebral tissues and external carotid artery circulation can limit its sensitivity during occlusion of the internal carotid artery. In our case, it did not reflect brain ischemia during hypotension and when the neurologic symptoms were obvious. Commonly available cerebral oximetry sensors placed over the frontal region do not cover the parietal lobe where ischemia is likely to occur during occlusion of the carotid artery. In such scenarios, it has been shown that multi-channel NIRS has a better sensitivity in detecting cerebral ischemia. This case report highlights the importance of frequent neurological examination during carotid stenting as rSO2 values might not always suggest cerebral ischemia.

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