Conditional Access Mechanisms in the DAB System

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Marian Oziewicz
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Access ◽  
Access Mechanisms

The FATE Landscape of Sign Language AI Datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Danielle Bragg ◽  
Naomi Caselli ◽  
Julie A. Hochgesang ◽  
Matt Huenerfauth ◽  
Leah Katz-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Language Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Technologies ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Access Mechanisms

Sign language datasets are essential to developing many sign language technologies. In particular, datasets are required for training artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems. Though the idea of using AI/ML for sign languages is not new, technology has now advanced to a point where developing such sign language technologies is becoming increasingly tractable. This critical juncture provides an opportunity to be thoughtful about an array of Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics (FATE) considerations. Sign language datasets typically contain recordings of people signing, which is highly personal. The rights and responsibilities of the parties involved in data collection and storage are also complex and involve individual data contributors, data collectors or owners, and data users who may interact through a variety of exchange and access mechanisms. Deaf community members (and signers, more generally) are also central stakeholders in any end applications of sign language data. The centrality of sign language to deaf culture identity, coupled with a history of oppression, makes usage by technologists particularly sensitive. This piece presents many of these issues that characterize working with sign language AI datasets, based on the authors’ experiences living, working, and studying in this space.

scholarly journals A Poisson Process-Based Random Access Channel for 5G and Beyond Networks

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Alaa Omran Almagrabi ◽  
Rashid Ali ◽  
Daniyal Alghazzawi ◽  
Abdullah AlBarakati ◽  
Tahir Khurshaid
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Process ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Channel Access ◽  
Access Channel ◽  
Machine Type Communications ◽  
Equal Chance ◽  
Random Access Channel ◽  
Access Mechanisms

The 5th generation (5G) wireless networks propose to address a variety of usage scenarios, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Due to the exponential increase in the user equipment (UE) devices of wireless communication technologies, 5G and beyond networks (B5G) expect to support far higher user density and far lower latency than currently deployed cellular technologies, like long-term evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). However, one of the critical challenges for B5G is finding a clever way for various channel access mechanisms to maintain dense UE deployments. Random access channel (RACH) is a mandatory procedure for the UEs to connect with the evolved node B (eNB). The performance of the RACH directly affects the performance of the entire network. Currently, RACH uses a uniform distribution-based (UD) random access to prevent a possible network collision among multiple UEs attempting to access channel resources. However, in a UD-based channel access, every UE has an equal chance to choose a similar contention preamble close to the expected value, which causes an increase in the collision among the UEs. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Poisson process-based RACH (2PRACH) alternative to a UD-based RACH. A Poisson process-based distribution, such as exponential distribution, disperses the random preambles between two bounds in a Poisson point method, where random variables occur continuously and independently with a constant parametric rate. In this way, our proposed 2PRACH approach distributes the UEs in a probability distribution of a parametric collection. Simulation results show that the shift of RACH from UD-based channel access to a Poisson process-based distribution enhances the reliability and lowers the network’s latency.

Resource access mechanisms in networks and SME survival in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Acheampong ◽  
Raphael Odoom ◽  
Thomas Anning-Dorson ◽  
Patrick Amfo Anim
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Resource Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Hole ◽  
One Year ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Access Mechanisms ◽  
Global Influence

Purpose The study aims to determine the resource access mechanism in inter-firm networks that aids SME survival in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The authors collect census data on a poultry cluster in Ghana and construct a directed network. The network is used to extract direct and indirect ties both incoming and outgoing, as well as estimate the structural holes of the actors. These variables are used to estimate for survival of SMEs after a one-year period using a binary logit model. Findings The study finds that out-indirect ties and structural hole have a significant influence on SME survival. This works through the global influence and the vision advantage that these positions and ties offer the SMEs. Originality/value The study offers SMEs a choice of whom to collaborate with for information (resources) in the form of outgoing and incoming ties at both the global and local level.

scholarly journals Strengthened capacity of India´s bedaquiline Conditional Access Programme for introducing new drugs and regimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072
Author(s):  
K. S. Sachdeva ◽  
N. Arora ◽  
R. Solanki ◽  
R. Singla ◽  
R. Sarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Conditional Access ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Drug Safety Monitoring ◽  
Access Programme ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Culture Conversion

BACKGROUND: Addressing TB in India is critical to meeting global targets. With the scale-up of diagnostic networks and the availability of new TB drugs, India had the opportunity to improve the detection and treatment outcomes in drug-resistant TB (DR-TB).OBJECTIVE: To document how the introduction of new drugs and regimens is helping India improve the care of DR-TB patients.DESIGN: In 2016, India´s National TB Programme (NTP) introduced bedaquiline (BDQ) under a Conditional Access Programme (BDQ-CAP) at six sites after providing extensive training and strengthening laboratory testing, pre-treatment evaluation, active drug safety monitoring and management (aDSM) and follow-up systems.RESULTS: An interim analysis reflected earlier and better culture conversion rates: 83% of the 620 patients converted within a median time of 60 days. However, 248 serious adverse events were reported, including 73 deaths (12%) and 100 cardiotoxicity events (16.3%). Encouraged by the evidence of safety and efficacy of BDQ, the NTP took steps to systematically expand its access to cover the entire population by 2018.CONCLUSION: The cautious yet focused approach used to introduce BDQ under BDQ-CAP paved the way for the rapid introduction of delamanid, as well as the shorter treatment regimen and the all-oral regimen for DR-TB.

scholarly journals KELOMPOK KEPENTINGAN DAN RELASI KUASA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA LAUT PALABUHANRATU

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Royandi ◽  
Arif Satria ◽  
Saharuddin Saharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Technology Knowledge ◽  
Steam Power Plants ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Access Mechanisms

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis aktor dan relasi kekuasaan yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan sumber daya laut Palabuhanratu.  Lokasi penelitian di Perairan Laut Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua aktor membangun kekuasaan melalui mekanisme akses berbasis hak dan mekanismes akses berbasis struktur dan relasi sosial dengan basis kekuasaan modal, pasar, teknologi, pengetahuan, identitas sosial, otoritas, dan patron klien. Kelompok nelayan lokal, nelayan dari luar (nelayan Banten) dan nelayan pendatang etnis Jawa berupaya mempertahankan akses, sementara kelompok nelayan etnis Bugis berupaya mengontrol akses terhadap sumber daya laut. Perbedaan posisi antar kelompok nelayan menyebabkan terjadinya relasi kekuasaan antar kelompok nelayan dalam memperoleh sumber daya laut Palabuhanratu. Sementara aktivitas pihak pengelola PLTU dianggap membatasi kekuasaan kelompok nelayan melalui penggunaan wilayah pesisir dan penggunaan jalur transportasi laut. Keterbatasan akses kelompok nelayan menyebabkan terjadinya relasi kuasa antara nelayan dengan pengelola PLTU. Title: Group of Interest and Relation Power in The Utilization of Marine Resources PalabuhanratuThe purpose of this study is to analyze the actors and power relations occured in the management of Palabuhanratu marine resources. Research was located in Palabuhanratu Sea Waters, Sukabumi, West Java. Research used qualitative methods. Results of the study showed that all actors built power through right-based access mechanisms and mechanisms based on structure and social relations with a basis of power of capital, markets, technology, knowledge, social identity, authority, and patron clients. Local fishing groups, outside fishers (Banten fishers) and Javanese ethnic fishers tried to maintain access, while Bugis ethnic fishers groups tried to control access to marine resources. Differences in position between fishers groups led to power relations among the groups in obtaining Palabuhanratu marine resources. While the activities of the management of the Steam Power Plant (PLTU) were considered to limit the power of fishers groups through the use of coastal areas and sea transportation routes. Limited access of fishers groups led to power relations between fishers and managers of Steam Power Plants (PLTU). 

scholarly journals THE INACCESSIBILITY OF JUSTICE FOR MIGRANT WORKERS: A CAPABILITIES-BASED PERSPECTIVE

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Hastie
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Foreign Worker ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Legal Remedies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Temporary Foreign Worker Programs ◽  
Access Mechanisms

This article examines the barriers migrant workers face in accessing justice, including the ability to assert legal rights in the workplace, and to access mechanisms for legal redress or remedy. Drawing on empirical research, and using the capabilities approach as a conceptual framework through which to examine these issues, this article demonstrates that the regulatory structure of the Temporary Foreign Worker Programs operates to actively constrain the ability for migrant workers to assert their rights in the workplace, and seek effective legal remedies in the face of rights violations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document