scholarly journals Now the Hard Part: Creating a

2021 ◽  
pp. 401-438
Author(s):  
Lucian L. Leape
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Hard Part ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Preventable Harm

AbstractIn 2020, the coronavirus pandemic killed 1,800,000 people, 346,000 of them Americans. In that same year, if recent estimates are correct, about the same number died as a result of medical errors, all despite the enormous effort of the past 20 years to eliminate preventable harm, an effort that has involved people at all levels: policy makers, government agencies, oversight bodies, quality improvement organizations, major health-care systems, and thousands of providers and caregivers on the frontline.

Machines and Medicines: A Projection of Analogies between Electric Power Systems and Health Care Systems

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Systems ◽  
Capital Intensive

If medicine is becoming mechanized, as many indications suggest, then those interested in policy making for medical matters have much to learn from the history of technology. The mechanization of medicine, as in the case of the mechanization of production, will accelerate the transfer of skill and knowledge from people to machines and the transition of health care to a capital intensive industry (19, 196–226). Furthermore, mechanization and increasing capital intensification may bring the increased systematization of health care. If the development of mechanized medicine follows the precedent of the mechanization of production, then our society must deal with the evolution of another set of extremely large systems, systems that will become virtually impervious to social control. Historians of technology are currently providing a better understanding of the evolution of large systems of production (3;9;10); there are lessons to be learned from this history by policy makers in health care.

Health of Newcomers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Illingworth ◽  
Wendy E. Parmet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Global Public Good ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Right

Immigration and health are two of the most contentious issues facing policy makers today. Policies that relate to both issues—to the health of newcomers—often reflect misimpressions about immigrants, their health, and their impact on health care systems. Although immigrants are typically younger and healthier than natives, and many newcomers play a vital role in providing care in their new lands, natives are often reluctant to extend basic health care to immigrants. Likewise, many nations turn against immigrants when epidemics strike, falsely believing that native populations can be kept well by keeping immigrants out. This book demonstrates how such reactions thwart attempts to create efficient and effective health policies and efforts to promote public health. The book argues that because health is a global public good and people benefit from the health of neighbor and stranger alike, it is in everyone’s interest to ensure the health of all. Reviewing issues as diverse as medical repatriation, epidemic controls, the right to health, the medical brain drain, organ tourism, and global climate change, the book shows why solidarity between natives and newcomers is ethically required and in the service of health for all.

scholarly journals Exploring Healthcare Professionals' Use of Narrative Mediation Approaches to Address Disclosure and Apology in the Aftermath of Medical Errors

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Gerald Monk ◽  
Stacey Sinclair ◽  
Michael Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Systems

Despite the overwhelming evidence that suggests that patients, families and health care systems benefit from offering appropriate disclosures and apologies to patients and families following the aftermath of medical errors, few health care organizations in the U.S. invest in providing systemic training in disclosure and apology. Using a narrative analysis this paper explores the cultural barriers in the United States healthcare environment that impede health care providers from engaging in restorative conversations with patients and families when things go wrong. The paper identifies a handful of programs and models that provide disclosure and apology training and argues for the unique contributions of narrative mediation to assist health care professionals to disclose adverse events to patients and families to restore trust.

scholarly journals An approach towards developments of smart COVID-19 patient's management and triaging using blockchain framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pralay Kumar Lahiri ◽  
Riman Mandal ◽  
Sourav Banerjee ◽  
Utpal Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Care Systems

Abstract The explosive epidemic of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has exposed the constraints in health care systems to handle public health emergencies. It's evident that adopting innovative technologies reminiscent of blockchain will facilitate in eective designing operations and resource deployments. Within the health care sector to improve the information management system by reducing delays in regulative approvals, communication between dierent stakeholders of the chain with the help of blockchain technology. To ensure authenticity of the information collected from public and government agencies, blockchain based system plays an important role. This paper tends to review implementation of blockchain application and opportunities in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. To trace according information involving in recent cases, deaths and recovered cases maintaining through blockchain storage system that has been proposed and implemented blockchain system based on Ethereum smart contract. An interactive model and respective algorithm has been explained with detailed analysis on information integrity, security, transparency and traceability.

Applying quality improvement strategies within Canadian population health promotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-431
Author(s):  
Candace D Bloomquist ◽  
Julie Kryzanowski ◽  
Tanya Dunn-Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Community Partnerships ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Improve Population Health ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Care Systems

Abstract This article describes how quality improvement (QI) methodology was applied to partnership work in a population health promotion unit within a health care system. Using Kolb’s experiential model of learning, we describe and reflect on our experience as a population health promotion unit working on a QI initiative focused on community partnerships for intersectoral collaboration. We identify contextual factors that can guide QI for population health promotion work. The three main lessons we identified were to (i) frame the need for improvement effectively, (ii) start by setting the conditions for others to lead and (iii) be people-focused as well as process-focused. Health care systems can apply QI methods to improve and strengthen their role in working with partners to improve population health. By sharing our experience with other practitioners, we hope to find support and allies as we learn together to improve quality in population health promotion settings.

Medical Necessity, Benefit and Resource Allocation in Health Care

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Hurley ◽  
Stephen Birch ◽  
Greg Stoddart ◽  
George Torrance
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Medical Necessity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Definition Of

Many health care systems espouse medical necessity, or need, as a guiding principle for the allocation of resources. Yet, logic and experience suggest that it is likely impossible to develop a concise, explicit, operational definition of medical necessity that would allow it to be used as an administrative or management tool. Even if such a definition could be developed, it would likely do little to solve the fundamental challenges facing policy-makers attempting to reform health care systems. This implies that we should refrain from further efforts to define medical necessity operationally. But does it follow that medical necessity is an empty concept? No. Even if it cannot be defined precisely, it can still serve as a guiding principle for health policy. Given that ability-to-benefit is a core concept underlying necessity, we develop a conceptual framework that encompasses alternative notions of benefit and then illustrate some selected implications of alternative benefit notions for processes required to use medical necessity as a guiding principle and for the types of services that would be deemed to produce a benefit.

Incorporating Discrete Event Simulation Into Quality Improvement Efforts in Health Care Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Harris Rutberg ◽  
Sharon Wenczel ◽  
John Devaney ◽  
Eric Jonathan Goldlust ◽  
Theodore Eugene Day
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Discrete Event Simulation ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Care Systems

Commentary to Special Issue on Health Discrepancies: Expanding the Frame of Understanding Health Disparities: From a Focus on Health Systems to Social and Economic Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Smedley
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Inequality In Health ◽  
Care Systems

Policy makers are increasingly attending to the problem of racial and ethnic health disparities, but much of this focus has been on evidence of inequality in health care systems. This attention is important and laudable, but eliminating inequality in the health care system would be insufficient to eliminate racial and ethnic disparities and improve the health of all Americans. Social and economic factors, such as disadvantaged socioeconomic status, racism, discrimination, and geographic inequality shape virtually all risks for poor health. Interventions that focus solely on improving access to health care, or on reducing individual behavioral and psychosocial risks, therefore have limited potential to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities. The elimination of health disparities requires comprehensive, intensive strategies that address inequality in many sectors, including housing, education, employment, and health systems. These interventions must be targeted at many levels, including individuals and families, workplaces, schools, and communities

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