The Use of Data Science for Decision Making in Medicine: The Microbial Community of the Gut and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Jasminka Hasic Telalovic ◽  
Lejla Pasic ◽  
Dzana Basic Cicak
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Decision-Making in a Changing World: A Study in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Robic ◽  
S. Sonié ◽  
P. Fonlupt ◽  
M.-A. Henaff ◽  
N. Touil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Changing World

Using Mobile Technology to Reduce Engagement in Stereotypy: A Validation of Decision-Making Algorithms

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Préfontaine ◽  
Marc J. Lanovaz ◽  
Emeline McDuff ◽  
Catherine McHugh ◽  
Jennifer L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Treatment Designs

We developed an iOS app, the iSTIM, designed to support parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in reducing common repetitive vocal and motor behavior (i.e., stereotypy). The purpose of our study was to preliminarily test the decision-making algorithms of the iSTIM using trained university students to implement the assessments and interventions. Specifically, we examined the effects of the iSTIM on stereotypy and functional engagement in 11 children with ASD within alternating treatment designs. Using the iSTIM reduced engagement in stereotypy for eight participants and increased functional engagement for four of those participants. Our results indicate that the iSTIM may decrease engagement in stereotypy but that some of the decision-making algorithms may benefit from modifications prior to testing with parents.

scholarly journals Understanding self-reported difficulties in decision-making by people with autism spectrum disorders

Autism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Vella ◽  
Howard A Ring ◽  
Mike RF Aitken ◽  
Peter C Watson ◽  
Alexander Presland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Information Sampling ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Autobiographical accounts and a limited research literature suggest that adults with autism spectrum disorders can experience difficulties with decision-making. We examined whether some of the difficulties they describe correspond to quantifiable differences in decision-making when compared to adults in the general population. The participants (38 intellectually able adults with autism spectrum disorders and 40 neurotypical adults) were assessed on three tasks of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task, Cambridge Gamble Task and Information Sampling Task), which quantified, respectively, decision-making performance and relative attention to negative and positive outcomes, speed and flexibility, and information sampling. As a caution, all analyses were repeated with a subset of participants ( nASD = 29 and nneurotypical = 39) who were not taking antidepressant or anxiolytic medication. Compared to the neurotypical participants, participants with autism spectrum disorders demonstrated slower decision-making on the Cambridge Gamble Task, and superior performance on the Iowa Gambling Task. When those taking the medications were excluded, participants with autism spectrum disorders also sampled more information. There were no other differences between the groups. These processing tendencies may contribute to the difficulties self-reported in some contexts; however, the results also highlight strengths in autism spectrum disorders, such as a more logical approach to, and care in, decision-making. The findings lead to recommendations for how adults with autism spectrum disorders may be better supported with decision-making.

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorders: Prenatal Genetic Testing and Abortion Decision-Making among Taiwanese Mothers of Affected Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Wei-Ju Chen ◽  
Shixi Zhao ◽  
Tse-Yang Huang ◽  
Oi-Man Kwok ◽  
Lei-Shih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Prenatal Genetic Testing ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

With the rapid growing rate of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), prenatal genetic testing (PGT) has been offered to detect various genomic disorders, including ASD, in Taiwan. However, disparities exist in this area, as there is limited research on factors associated with PGT utilization and relevant decision-making that may guide the regulations and ethical guidelines for culturally appropriate PGT services in Taiwan. This study proposed a comprehensively integrated theoretical framework for examining the intention to undergo PGT to detect ASD susceptibility genes and subsequent abortion decision-making among Taiwanese mothers of children affected by ASD. Survey data from 333 mothers of children with ASD in 236 elementary schools with special education services in Taiwan were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling. Approximately two-thirds of the participants (66.6%) would undergo PGT to detect ASD susceptibility genes; more than half (53.1%) would terminate the hypothetically ASD-affected pregnancy. Abortion intention was associated with age, religion, attitudes toward PGT for detecting ASD susceptibility genes, and willingness to undergo such PGT. This study explores the potential impacts of PGT on Taiwanese society, and the findings are applicable to countries heavily influenced by Chinese culture, areas with Asian immigrants, and Western countries with such PGT services and/or research available.

scholarly journals Vicarious Effort-Based Decision-Making in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2992-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya G. Mosner ◽  
Jessica L. Kinard ◽  
Sean McWeeny ◽  
Jasmine S. Shah ◽  
Nathan D. Markiewitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders
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