A Forensic Holistic Conundrum – An Ongoing Controversy

2021 ◽  
pp. 363-380
Author(s):  
Howell G. M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. McCrindle ◽  
Barbara Starfield ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis

This study was undertaken to describe subspecialty characteristics and practices of the population of pediatricians given the ongoing controversy regarding a projected manpower oversupply of general pediatricians. A questionnaire was mailed to a national random sample of 1620 United States physicians listed in the American Medical Association's Pysician Masterfile as being in office-based pediatric practice. The final response rate was 63%. Seventy percent of respondents designated their practices as "general pediatrics" versus 17% as "general pediatrics with a specific subspecialty interest" and 13% as "subspecialty practice." The general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest were intermediate in the proportion that had some training in a pediatric fellowship program (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest, 63% versus general pediatricians, 14%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with a subspecialty practice, 92%, P < .0001) and that were certified in a pediatric subspecialty by the American Board of Pediatrics (general pediatricians with a specific subspecialty interest 16% versus general pediatricians, 2%, P < .0001, and pediatricians with subspecialty practice, 62%, P < .0001). They were also intermediate in the proportion involved in various academic pursuits. Their practices, however, more closely resembled general pediatricians than pediatricians with a subspeciality practice in their location, setting, associates, and commitment to primary care. They were more likely than general pediatricians to utilize or provide specialized tests or procedures. A large percentage of pediatricians incorporate subspecilaty elements into their general pediatric practices. Models of current and projected pediatric manpower supply need to be reassessed in light of this form of practice.


Author(s):  
Jens Gaab ◽  
Cosima Locher ◽  
Manuel Trachsel

There is as little doubt as much as there is empirical proof that psychotherapy is an effective intervention for psychological problems and disorders. However, there is ongoing controversy about the mechanisms underlying these often impressive, but also often overestimated effects, reaching back to the very origins of psychotherapy research. While this “great psychotherapy debate” vivifies both psychotherapy research and practice, it finally poses an ethical challenge for both psychotherapists and psychotherapy scholars. Basically, the lack of agreed and validated mechanisms impedes the attempt to inform patients about how changes of psychotherapy are brought about. Thus, even though patients can readily be furnished with possible and expectable benefits, costs and strains, the situation becomes more complex and less certain with regard to the specific mechanisms and determinants of change. In this chapter, psychotherapy scholars’ strivings and troubles for specificity will be briefly covered, touching the uncomfortable relationship with placebo and nocebo and finishing with an ethical plea for transparency in psychotherapy and of psychotherapists.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31239.1-31239.10
Author(s):  
Farzad Gheshlaghi ◽  
◽  
Anselm Wong ◽  
Gholamali Dorooshi ◽  
Rokhsareh Meamar ◽  
...  

Background: Digoxin is extensively prescribed for cardiac diseases, so its chronic or acute toxicity commonly occur. Although digoxin specific antibodies (anti-digoxin Fab) are recommended to be used in patients with cardiac symptoms of digoxin toxicity, there is ongoing controversy about the effectiveness and dose of anti-digoxin Fab. Because our department lacks access to anti-digoxin Fab and the high cost of the antidote, we evaluated 10 years of experience in treating patients with digoxin toxicity without using digoxin Fab antibodies considering outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in Khorshid Hospital, affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, from October 2008 to September 2018. Patients with acute or chronic digoxin toxicity were included in the study. The patients’ data were gathered and analyzed according to their medical documents. Results: Out of 150 cases with digoxin toxicity, 38% (n=57) were acute and 62% (n=93) were chronic. About 64.7% (n=97) were female. The most common non-cardiac manifestations of toxicity were gastrointestinal (67.3%, n=101) and neurological symptoms (52.7%, n=79). Bradyarrhythmia (80.5%, n=33) was the most cardiac manifestation in patients with acute (15.8% n=9) and chronic (25.8%, n=24) toxicity. A total of 144 (96%) cases fully recovered with supportive care, and 6 patients (4%) died. None of the cases received anti-digoxin Fab. Conclusion: The majority of presentations with acute or chronic toxicity recovered with supportive measures without using anti-digoxin Fab.


2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Benzimra

AbstractThe performance of bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy is an essential tool and skill required by any clinician caring for patients postlung transplantation. Making a confident diagnosis is crucial in initiating different treatment strategies which may be in turn hazardous to the patient in light of an inaccurate diagnosis. Having more information available for evaluation optimizes the chances of tailoring appropriate therapeutic options in this complex patient population. Performing a bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy indeed provides a wealth of information via microbiological, cytological, and histological samples that assist us to differentiate infection from rejection, or to confirm the presence of both. This review aims to discuss the utility of bronchoscopy postlung transplantation in the diagnosis of rejection, infection, and airway complications, as well as looking into the ongoing controversy regarding monitoring practices worldwide and safety concerns.


Daphnis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 108-124
Author(s):  
Angela Hars

This article examines two printed pamphlets written at the beginning of the English Restoration (1660–1688). One was published by the influential author Roger L’Estrange. The other appeared anonymously and was written by the Franciscan friar Vincent Canes. Both pamphlets reflect the ongoing controversy about toleration in form of an imaginary dialogue. Focusing on the question of how the two writers tried to influence their audience and the current political debate, the article explores their motives and ingenious rhetorical methods. In England wurden zu Beginn der Restaurationszeit (1660–1688) zwei Pamphlete veröffentlicht, welche die hitzig geführten Diskussionen um Glaubensfreiheit in Form fiktiver Dialoge aufgriffen. Das eine stammt von dem einflussreichen politischen Autor Roger L’Estrange. Das andere erschien anonym und ist dem Franziskanermönch Vincent Canes zuzuschreiben. Im Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, mit welchen Argumenten und rhetorischen Mitteln die beiden Autoren versuchten, die Leser und die aktuelle polische Debatte zu beeinflussen.


2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (suppl_11) ◽  
pp. S168-S168
Author(s):  
L Simonsen ◽  
C Viboud ◽  
R.J. Taylor ◽  
M.A. Miller

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