Spatial Variability and Data Analysis in Urban Soils

2022 ◽  
pp. 53-88
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Rate
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Urban Soils

Spatial variability of heavy metal ecological risk in urban soils from Linfen, China

CATENA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 104554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingguo Yang ◽  
Patrick J. Drohan ◽  
Miao Yang ◽  
Hongjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Urban Soils

Spatial variability and trigger values of arsenic in the surface urban soils of the cities of Tampere and Lahti, Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Buttafuoco ◽  
Timo Tarvainen ◽  
Jaana Jarva ◽  
Ilaria Guagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Urban Soils

scholarly journals Spatial variability studies in São Paulo, Brazil along the last twenty five years

Bragantia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Rosa Vieira ◽  
Sonia Carmela Falci Dechen
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Management Zones ◽  
Sampling Points

Soil properties vary in space due to many causes. For this reason it is wise to know the magnitude and behaviour of the variability for adequate data analysis and decision making. Our work on spatial variability of soil properties in São Paulo, Brazil began in 1982 with a very simple soil sampling in a small field. Much progress has been made since then on sampling designs, field equipment and methods, and mostly on computation equipment and softwares. This paper reports the results corresponding to some aspects of this progress, as far as the field, analysis and computation work are concerned. The objective of this study was to illustrate the use of geostatistics in data analysis for three sampling conditions on long term no-tillage system. The analysis is done on a wide range of field scales, variables, sampling schemes as well as repeating sampling scheme for the same variable in different years. Semivariograms are compared for the same variables in different scales and sampling dates and depths as to provide a guide for sampling spacing and number of samples. Normalized crop yield parameters for many years are used in the discussion of time variability and on the use of yield maps to locate management zones. The time of the year in which measurements of soil physical properties are made affected the results both in terms of descriptive statistical and spatial dependence parameters. Crop yields changed (soybean decrease and maize increase) with time of no-tillage but the real cause was not identified. The length of time with no-tillage affected the range of dependence for the main crops (increased for soybean, maize and oats) and therefore increased the size of the homogeneous management zones. The evolution of the sampling grid from 20 m with 63 sampling points to 10 m with 302 sampling points allowed for a much better knowledge of the spatial variability of crop yields but it had the reverse effect on the spatial variability of soil physical properties.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of enthalpy in rabbit house with and without ridge vent

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia F. P. Ferraz ◽  
Gabriel A. e S. Ferraz ◽  
Flavio A. Damasceno ◽  
Raquel S. de Moura ◽  
Maria A. J. G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Enthalpy Data

ABSTRACT The profitability of a rabbit farming system must consider the rabbit’s breed, nutrition, management, sanitation and mainly the thermal environment that the animal will be exposed during the productive period. The aim of this study was to compare the internal thermal environment of two rabbit houses, one with ridge vent and the other without ridge vent. Geostatistical technique was used to evaluate the spatial variability of enthalpy. Data were collected at 48 points in each house during eight days at the end of summer season 2016. Measurements of dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were made for 1 min at three times a day at 7:00 a.m., 12:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. In addition, the enthalpy was calculated and a data analysis was performed using geostatistical tools and isocolor maps through interpolation by kriging. Based on results from geostatistics, it was possible to characterize the variability magnitude and structure of this variable inside the rabbits’ houses with and without ridge vent. The heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of enthalpy in several regions of two houses was also observed through generated isocolor maps. The ridge vent assisted in obtaining a more favorable internal environment for rabbit breeding because this house showed more comfortable conditions of enthalpy values, besides lower heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of enthalpy.

Mercury in urban soils: A comparison of local spatial variability in six European cities

2006 ◽  
Vol 368 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 926-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rodrigues ◽  
M.E. Pereira ◽  
A.C. Duarte ◽  
F. Ajmone-Marsan ◽  
C.M. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
European Cities

Microchemical imaging in biomedical research

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1118-1119
Author(s):  
P. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Element ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Elemental Maps ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Secondary Ion

It is well established that unique physiological information can be obtained by rapidly freezing cells in various functional states and analyzing the cell element content and distribution by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. (The other techniques of microanalysis that are amenable to imaging, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, particle induced x-ray emission etc., are not addressed in this tutorial.) However, the usual processes of data acquisition are labor intensive and lengthy, requiring that x-ray counts be collected from individually selected regions of each cell in question and that data analysis be performed subsequent to data collection. A judicious combination of quantitative elemental maps and static raster probes adds not only an additional overall perception of what is occurring during a particular biological manipulation or event, but substantially increases data productivity. Recent advances in microcomputer instrumentation and software have made readily feasible the acquisition and processing of digital quantitative x-ray maps of one to several cells.

Perceptions of a Collaborative Professional Learning Program: Seeing the “Bigger Picture”

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
P. Charlie Buckley ◽  
Kimberly A. Murza ◽  
Tami Cassel
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Related Service

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.

Communicative Performance of Adolescents with Severe Speech Impairment

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth M. Dalton ◽  
Jan L. Bedrosian
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Communicative Performance ◽  
Therapy Room ◽  
Communication Board

The communicative performance of 4 preoperational-level adolescents, using limited speech, gestures, and communication board techniques, was examined in a two-part investigation. In Part 1, each subject participated in an academic interaction with a teacher in a therapy room. Data were transcribed and coded for communication mode, function, and role. Two subjects were found to predominantly use the speech mode, while the remaining 2 predominantly used board and one other mode. The majority of productions consisted of responses to requests, and the initiator role was infrequently occupied. These findings were similar to those reported in previous investigations conducted in classroom settings. In Part 2, another examination of the communicative performance of these subjects was conducted in spontaneous interactions involving speaking and nonspeaking peers in a therapy room. Using the same data analysis procedures, gesture and speech modes predominated for 3 of the subjects in the nonspeaking peer interactions. The remaining subject exhibited minimal interaction. No consistent pattern of mode usage was exhibited across the speaking peer interactions. In the nonspeaking peer interactions, requests predominated. In contrast, a variety of communication functions was exhibited in the speaking peer interactions. Both the initiator and the maintainer roles were occupied in the majority of interactions. Pertinent variables and clinical implications are discussed.

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