AAS: a simple and rugged system for trace and ultratrace elemental analysis

An important parameter governing the sensitivity and accuracy of elemental analysis by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) or by X-ray emission spectroscopy is the signal/noise ratio of the characteristic signal.

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Morphological and elemental analysis of isolated incubated frog retina-choroid

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111604 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 298-299

Author(s):

B. J. Panessa-Warren ◽

J. B. Warren ◽

H. W. Kraner

Keyword(s):

Elemental Analysis ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Human Retina ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Frog Retina ◽

Isolated Retina ◽

Vertebrate Eye ◽

Retina Pigment Epithelium

Our previous studies have demonstrated that abnormally high amounts of calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) can be accumulated in human retina-choroid under pathological conditions and that barium (Ba), which was not detected in the eyes of healthy individuals, is deposited in the retina pigment epithelium (RPE), and to a lesser extent in the sensory retina and iris. In an attempt to understand how these cations can be accumulated in the vertebrate eye, a morphological and microanalytical study of the uptake and loss of specific cations (K, Ca,Ba,Zn) was undertaken with incubated Rana catesbiana isolated retina and RPE preparations. Large frogs (650-800 gms) were dark adapted, guillotined and their eyes enucleated in deep ruby light. The eyes were hemisected behind the ora serrata and the anterior portion of the eye removed. The eyecup was bisected along the plane of the optic disc and the two segments of retina peeled away from the RPE and incubated.

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Identifying groups of airborne particles by ordination

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100172012 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 856-857

Author(s):

M. Shlepr ◽

C. M. Vicroy

Keyword(s):

Elemental Analysis ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Spatial Representation ◽

Airborne Particles ◽

Common Source ◽

Data Set ◽

Microelectronics Industry ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Source Materials

The microelectronics industry is heavily tasked with minimizing contaminates at all steps of the manufacturing process. Particles are generated by physical and/or chemical fragmentation from a mothersource. The tools and macrovolumes of chemicals used for processing, the environment surrounding the process, and the circuits themselves are all potential particle sources. A first step in eliminating these contaminants is to identify their source. Elemental analysis of the particles often proves useful toward this goal, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) is a commonly used technique. However, the large variety of source materials and process induced changes in the particles often make it difficult to discern if the particles are from a common source.Ordination is commonly used in ecology to understand community relationships. This technique usespair-wise measures of similarity. Separation of the data set is based on discrimination functions. Theend product is a spatial representation of the data with the distance between points equaling the degree of dissimilarity.

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Elemental analysis of human erythrocytes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010015318x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 242-243

Author(s):

S. A. Livesey ◽

A. A. del Campo ◽

E. S. Griffey ◽

D. Ohlmer ◽

T. Schifani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Elemental Analysis ◽

Human Erythrocyte ◽

Spectroscopic Analysis ◽

Model System ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

List Type ◽

Chemical Fixation ◽

Ethanol Dehydration ◽

Lowicryl K4m

The aim of this study is to compare methods of sample preparation for elemental analysis. The model system which is used is the human erythrocyte. Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis has been previously reported for cryofixed and cryosectioned erythrocytes. Such work represents the reference point for this study. The use of plastic embedded samples for elemental analysis has also been documented. The work which is presented here is based on human erythrocytes which have been either chemically fixed and embedded or cryofixed and subsequently processed by a variety of techniques which culminated in plastic embedded samples.Heparinized and washed erythrocytes were prepared by the following methods for this study :(1). Chemical fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde/0.25% glutaraldehyde/0.2 M sucrose in 0.1 M Na cacodylate, pH 7.3 for 30 min, followed by ethanol dehydration, infiltration and embedding in Lowicryl K4M at -20° C.

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