6. Bessel Process of Order Zero

2002 ◽  
pp. 513-527
Author(s):  
Andrei N. Borodin ◽  
Paavo Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Bessel Process ◽  
Order Zero

Bessel Process of Order Zero

1996 ◽  
pp. 280-316
Author(s):  
Andrei N. Borodin ◽  
Paavo Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Bessel Process ◽  
Order Zero

Atomic Imaging of Crystals using Large-Angle Electron Scattering in STEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
D.E. Jesson ◽  
S. J. Pennycook
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
Real Space ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Order Zero ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ewald Sphere

It is well known that conventional atomic resolution electron microscopy is a coherent imaging process best interpreted in reciprocal space using contrast transfer function theory. This is because the equivalent real space interpretation involving a convolution between the exit face wave function and the instrumental response is difficult to visualize. Furthermore, the crystal wave function is not simply related to the projected crystal potential, except under a very restrictive set of experimental conditions, making image simulation an essential part of image interpretation. In this paper we present a different conceptual approach to the atomic imaging of crystals based on incoherent imaging theory. Using a real-space analysis of electron scattering to a high-angle annular detector, it is shown how the STEM imaging process can be partitioned into components parallel and perpendicular to the relevant low index zone-axis.It has become customary to describe STEM imaging using the analytical treatment developed by Cowley. However, the convenient assumption of a phase object (which neglects the curvature of the Ewald sphere) fails rapidly for large scattering angles, even in very thin crystals. Thus, to avoid unpredictive numerical solutions, it would seem more appropriate to apply pseudo-kinematic theory to the treatment of the weak high angle signal. Diffraction to medium order zero-layer reflections is most important compared with thermal diffuse scattering in very thin crystals (<5nm). The electron wave function ψ(R,z) at a depth z and transverse coordinate R due to a phase aberrated surface probe function P(R-RO) located at RO is then well described by the channeling approximation;

scholarly journals Pointwise multiple averages for sublinear functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1594-1618
Author(s):  
SEBASTIÁN DONOSO ◽  
ANDREAS KOUTSOGIANNIS ◽  
WENBO SUN
Keyword(s):  
Large Class ◽  
Explicit Formula ◽  
Pointwise Convergence ◽  
Limit Function ◽  
Invariant Property ◽  
Ergodic Averages ◽  
Order Zero ◽  
Good For ◽  
Sublinear Functions ◽  
Uniquely Ergodic

For any measure-preserving system $(X,{\mathcal{B}},\unicode[STIX]{x1D707},T_{1},\ldots ,T_{d})$ with no commutativity assumptions on the transformations $T_{i},$$1\leq i\leq d,$ we study the pointwise convergence of multiple ergodic averages with iterates of different growth coming from a large class of sublinear functions. This class properly contains important subclasses of Hardy field functions of order zero and of Fejér functions, i.e., tempered functions of order zero. We show that the convergence of the single average, via an invariant property, implies the convergence of the multiple one. We also provide examples of sublinear functions which are, in general, bad for convergence on arbitrary systems, but good for uniquely ergodic systems. The case where the fastest function is linear is addressed as well, and we provide, in all the cases, an explicit formula of the limit function.

A boundary crossing probability for the Bessel process

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Betensky
Keyword(s):  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Bessel Process ◽  
Boundary Crossing ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Boundary Crossing Probability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Crossing Probability ◽  
Nonparametric Test Statistic ◽  
First Crossing Time

Analytic approximations are derived for the distribution of the first crossing time of a straight-line boundary by a d-dimensional Bessel process and its discrete time analogue. The main ingredient for the approximations is the conditional probability that the process crossed the boundary before time m, given its location beneath the boundary at time m. The boundary crossing probability is of interest as the significance level and power of a sequential test comparing d+1 treatments using an O'Brien-Fleming (1979) stopping boundary (see Betensky 1996). Also, it is shown by DeLong (1980) to be the limiting distribution of a nonparametric test statistic for multiple regression. The approximations are compared with exact values from the literature and with values from a Monte Carlo simulation.

How short is a bond of order zero? A close cesium...cesium contact in the [Cs2(18-crown-6)]2+ cation

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (24) ◽  
pp. 7627-7628 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mitchell Means ◽  
N. Carlene Means ◽  
Simon G. Bott ◽  
Jerry L. Atwood
Keyword(s):  
Order Zero

Connected Order 3 Standard Representations of Simple Lie Algebras

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-383
Author(s):  
F. W. Lemire
Keyword(s):  
Lie Algebras ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Dominant Weight ◽  
Order Zero ◽  
Simple Lie Algebras

The concept of standard representations of simple Lie algebras was introduced by I. Z. Bouwer [1], One of the difficulties was that of existence. The order zero standard representations are simply those having a dominant weight vector and these have been completely characterized, for example in [2].

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