Polynomials with Given Spectral Pairs and Exactly Controllable Systems

The in-car voice controllable system has become an almost standard feature in smart cars. Prior work shows that the voice controllable system is vulnerable to light commands attack which uses the laser as the medium to inject voice commands. In this article, we first reproduced the light commands attack on acoustic isolated in-car voice controllable system under several scenarios with a lightweight solution. We validate the feasibility of injecting the malicious voice command through a window into the microphone by modulating a laser beam. Then, we tested a variety of mainstream countermeasures such as placing sunscreen film on the glass panel to see whether it can protect the microphone from being attacked. Surprisingly, we find that the lower light transmittance of sunscreen film is the lower the success rate of the attack. Experiment results also show that when the transmittance rate of sun film is 50% which is the darkest sunscreen film that can be applied, the attacking success rate decreased by up to 0.4. We also explore the impact of attack angle by changing the incidence angle of the laser beam and the results demonstrate that light commands is sensitive to attack angle and the successful angle range is ± 15°. Finally, we propose a series of hardware-based protection schemes against light commands attacks.

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Experimental models of gastric ulceration and injury

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1988.255.4.g395 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 255 (4) ◽

pp. G395-G402 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. Silen

Keyword(s):

Mucosal Injury ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Gastric Ulceration ◽

Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽

Epithelial Injury ◽

Cellular Death ◽

Mucosal Ulceration ◽

Controllable Systems ◽

Simple Models

There are inumerable experimental models of gastric mucosal epithelial injury. Many of these currently in wide use can be regarded as unphysiological and severe, rarely encountered in humans. An analysis of more physiological and simple models indicates that little is known of the events that ultimately cause cellular death, even in simple and easily controllable systems. A review of acceptable measures of gastric mucosal injury is presented. It is suggested that studies of subtle physiological injuries at the cellular level are more likely to yield meaningful insights into the causation of gastric mucosal ulceration.

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Perturbation of Controllable Systems

SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization ◽

10.1137/0317013 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 175-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. E. O’Brien

Keyword(s):

Controllable Systems

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WAVELET PACKETS ASSOCIATED WITH NONUNIFORM MULTIRESOLUTION ANALYSIS ON POSITIVE HALF LINE

Asian-European Journal of Mathematics ◽

10.1142/s1793557113500071 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

pp. 1350007 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vikram Sharma ◽

P. Manchanda

Keyword(s):

Multiresolution Analysis ◽

Wavelet Packets ◽

Half Line ◽

State University ◽

Spectral Pairs ◽

Funct Anal ◽

Positive Half

Gabardo and Nashed [Nonuniform multiresolution analysis and spectral pairs, J. Funct. Anal.158 (1998) 209–241] introduced the Nonuniform multiresolution analysis (NUMRA) whose translation set is not a group. Farkov [Orthogonal p-wavelets on ℝ+, in Proc. Int. Conf. Wavelets and Splines (St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 2005), pp. 4–26] studied multiresolution analysis (MRA) on positive half line and constructed associated wavelets. Meenakshi et al. [Wavelets associated with Nonuniform multiresolution analysis on positive half line, Int. J. Wavelets, Multiresolut. Inf. Process.10(2) (2011) 1250018, 27pp.] studied NUMRA on positive half line and proved the analogue of Cohen's condition for the NUMRA on positive half line. We construct the associated wavelet packets for such an MRA and study its properties.

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