CIGS thin film Deposition by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) system for Solar cell Applications

Author(s):  
Shaibal Mukherjee ◽  
Vishnu Awasthi ◽  
Sushil K. Pandey ◽  
Saurabh K. Pandey ◽  
Shruti Verma ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 063412
Author(s):  
Martin Becker ◽  
Sebastian L. Benz ◽  
Limei Chen ◽  
Angelika Polity ◽  
Peter J. Klar ◽  
...  

1993 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERTILO E. KEMPF

ABSTRACTTitanium metal is sputtered by ion beams using a Kaufman-type ion source with carbondioxide as working gas. Deposition takes place on watercooled substrates of silicon and InP. The films obtained are amorphous; they adhere excellently. SEM-pictures reveal a featureless dense fracture and a smooth surface. Despite a carbon content of 9 at % the films are highly transparent in the visible and near infrared wavelength range. Refractive indices center around 2.15 at values typically found for amorphous TiO2. The electrical properties are characterized by dielectric constant of ε = 26 ± 3, leakage current densities at breakdown of jL = 3.65 . 10-3 A/cm2 and breakdown fields EB > 1 MeV/cm.


2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Hu ◽  
S. W. Mao ◽  
C. P. Chao ◽  
M. F. Wu ◽  
H. L. Huang ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 ◽  
pp. 997-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhu ◽  
Kangwei Zhu ◽  
Yin Hu ◽  
Yunhan Ling ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  

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