scholarly journals The Role of Design Rationale in the Ontology Matching Step during the Triplification of Relational Databases

2014 ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Rita Berardi ◽  
Marcelo Schiessl ◽  
Matthias Thimm ◽  
Marco A. Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Relational Databases ◽  
Ontology Matching ◽  
Design Rationale

Clustering-Triggered Efficient Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Nonconventional Luminophores

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Zheng ◽  
Taiping Hu ◽  
Xin Bin ◽  
Yunzhong Wang ◽  
Yuanping Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Emission Mechanism ◽  
Room Temperature Phosphorescence ◽  
Electronic Interactions ◽  
Energy Gaps ◽  
Theoretical Results

Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and luminescence from nonconventional luminophores have gained increasing attention. However, it remains challenging to achieve efficient RTP from unorthodox luminophores, on account of the unsophisticated understanding of the emission mechanism. Here we propose a strategy to realize efficient RTP in nonconventional luminophores through incorporation of lone pairs together with clustering and effective electronic interactions. The former promotes spin-orbit coupling and boost the consequent intersystem crossing, whereas the latter narrows energy gaps and stabilizes the triplets, thus synergistically affording remarkable RTP. Experimental and theoretical results of urea and its derivatives verify the design rationale. Remarkably, RTP from thiourea solids with unprecedentedly high efficiency of up to 24.5% is obtained. Further control experiments testify the crucial role of through-space delocalization on the emission. These results would spur the future fabrication of nonconventional phosphors, and moreover should advance understanding of the underlying emission mechanism.<br>

scholarly journals The Digital Architecture of Time Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Wajcman
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Digital Architecture ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Sociotechnical Imaginaries ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
The World ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Existential Problem

This article explores how the shift from print to electronic calendars materializes and exacerbates a distinctively quantitative, “spreadsheet” orientation to time. Drawing on interviews with engineers, I argue that calendaring systems are emblematic of a larger design rationale in Silicon Valley to mechanize human thought and action in order to make them more efficient and reliable. The belief that technology can be profitably employed to control and manage time has a long history and continues to animate contemporary sociotechnical imaginaries of what automation will deliver. In the current moment we live in the age of the algorithm and machine learning, so it is no wonder, then, that the contemporary design of digital calendars is driven by a vision of intelligent time management. As I go on to show in the second part of the article, this vision is increasingly realized in the form of intelligent digital assistants whose tracking capacities and behavioral algorithms aim to solve life’s existential problem—how best to organize the time of our lives. This article contributes to STS scholarship on the role of technological artifacts in generating new temporalities that shape people’s perception of time, how they act in the world, and how they understand themselves.

ON THE IMPLICATION OF MULTIVALUED DEPENDENCIES IN PARTIAL DATABASE RELATIONS

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 691-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEBASTIAN LINK
Keyword(s):  
Relational Databases ◽  
Null Values

The implication of multivalued dependencies (MVDs) in relational databases has originally and independently been defined in the context of some fixed finite universe by Delobel, Fagin, and Zaniolo. Biskup observed that the original axiomatisation for MVD implication does not reflect the fact that the complementation rule is merely a means to achieve database normalisation. He proposed two alternative ways to overcome this deficiency: i) an axiomatisation that does represent the role of the complementation rule adequately, and ii) a notion of MVD implication in which the underlying universe of attributes is left undetermined together with an axiomatisation of this notion. In this paper we investigate multivalued dependencies with null values (NMVDs) as defined and axiomatised by Lien. We show that Lien's axiomatisation does not adequately reflect the role of the complementation rule, and extend Biskup's findings for MVDs in total database relations to NMVDs in partial database relations. Moreover, a correspondence between (minimal) axiomatisations in fixed universes that do reflect the property of complementation and (minimal) axiomatisations in undetermined universes is shown.

scholarly journals Foundational ontologies meet ontology matching: A survey

Semantic Web ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Cassia Trojahn ◽  
Renata Vieira ◽  
Daniela Schmidt ◽  
Adam Pease ◽  
Giancarlo Guizzardi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Ontology Matching ◽  
The Future

Ontology matching is a research area aimed at finding ways to make different ontologies interoperable. Solutions to the problem have been proposed from different disciplines, including databases, natural language processing, and machine learning. The role of foundational ontologies for ontology matching is an important one, as they provide a well-founded reference model that can be shared across domains. It is multifaceted and with room for development. This paper presents an overview of the different tasks involved in ontology matching that consider foundational ontologies. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of existing proposals and highlight the challenges to be addressed in the future.

scholarly journals Crowd Aided Web Search: Concept and Implementation

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chun-Hsiung Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Search Algorithms ◽  
The Web

Although keyword-based search algorithms usually do their jobs well, they may sometimes yield weird results. Despite of the fact that theWeb is the largest database, comparing to relational databases, the set of search operations for the Web is still primitive. This paper proposes two ways to remedy this: first, advanced information sources should be created. The role of advanced information sources of the Web is analogous to views of relational databases. Second, we propose several data processing tools based on the concept of advanced information sources. With these two mechanisms, the researcher tries to distinguish the data-centric view from the presentation view of the Web. In the paper, both the concept and an implementation are proposed.

Clustering-Triggered Efficient Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Nonconventional Luminophores

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Zheng ◽  
Taiping Hu ◽  
Xin Bin ◽  
Yunzhong Wang ◽  
Yuanping Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Emission Mechanism ◽  
Room Temperature Phosphorescence ◽  
Electronic Interactions ◽  
Energy Gaps ◽  
Theoretical Results

Pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and luminescence from nonconventional luminophores have gained increasing attention. However, it remains challenging to achieve efficient RTP from unorthodox luminophores, on account of the unsophisticated understanding of the emission mechanism. Here we propose a strategy to realize efficient RTP in nonconventional luminophores through incorporation of lone pairs together with clustering and effective electronic interactions. The former promotes spin-orbit coupling and boost the consequent intersystem crossing, whereas the latter narrows energy gaps and stabilizes the triplets, thus synergistically affording remarkable RTP. Experimental and theoretical results of urea and its derivatives verify the design rationale. Remarkably, RTP from thiourea solids with unprecedentedly high efficiency of up to 24.5% is obtained. Further control experiments testify the crucial role of through-space delocalization on the emission. These results would spur the future fabrication of nonconventional phosphors, and moreover should advance understanding of the underlying emission mechanism.<br>

A compositional approach to modelling design rationale

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances M.T. Brazier ◽  
Pieter H.G. van Langen ◽  
Jan Treur
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Explicit Representation ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Design History ◽  
Compositional Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modelling Process

AbstractDesign support systems need to be developed on the basis of an understanding of the human design process to be useful during design. The explicit representation of design history and rationale are of particular importance for explanation and reuse. Within the DESIRE framework for compositional modelling, a generic task model of design has been developed that clearly specifies the role of design history and design rationale within the design process. The model provides a structure to distinguish different types of design rationale, according to the functional role they play in the design process. It has been used to structure the modelling process of an example aircraft design task, which illustrates the various instances of design rationale that can be generated.

On the role of design in information visualization

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Vande Moere ◽  
Helen Purchase
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Information Visualization ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Way

Every information visualization developer is engaged in a complex process of design – balancing the three requirements of utility, soundness and attractiveness within given constraints. This paper investigates the oft-overlooked requirement of attractiveness (or ‘aesthetics’) in visualization, and, in doing so, discusses a wider role for the design process which emphasizes the benefits of disseminating design rationale. In presenting a model of three potential roles for design in information visualization, we suggest that the field would benefit from encompassing a broader scope that includes visualizations produced as part of commercial practice or artistic exploration. We conclude with a discussion on the practical consequences to the academic community of adopting our model – consequences that will require a paradigm shift in the way we value, teach and conduct information visualization research.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor
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