Unlocking the Potential of Genetic Resources for Improvement of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): The Current Scenario

2016 ◽  
pp. 447-479
Author(s):  
Vibhuti Singh ◽  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Amrita Singh ◽  
Niti Pathak Bhaduri ◽  
Kangila Venkataramana Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Current Scenario

Broadening the genetic base of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) through germplasm enhancement

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Bisht ◽  
K.V. Bhat ◽  
S. Lakhanpaul ◽  
B.K. Biswas ◽  
M. Pandiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Realized Genetic Gains

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the world's oldest oil crops and has been cultivated in Asia from ancient times. India has a rich diversity of this crop and a landrace collection is maintained at the National Genebank at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR). The breeding potential of this germplasm has been hardly exploited to date. The major hindrance for the utilization of these resources is the transfer of diversity into a form that can be easily used by breeders and farmers. As part of a core collection strategy, a selection was made of 24 of the most diverse and unadapted parental lines, including one accession of the wild species S. mulayanum, and these were intercrossed in various combinations to maximize genetic diversity and to develop locally adapted pools of genetic resources. A weak and decentralized selection regime was maintained at four selected target sites on the progeny of 103 crosses. The range of variation in the selected F4 progenies was assessed, and promising types with desired plant characteristics and high seed yield were selected. Realized genetic gains, especially for yield-related traits, were also assessed. Only a limited fraction of the existing diversity held in the genebank was used in the present study and there is much more diversity available for large-scale genetic enhancement of sesame in the future.

Community-based conservation of crop genetic resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-250
Author(s):  
Stef de Haan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Crop Genetic Resources ◽  
On Farm Conservation ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
On Farm

This chapter explores the current state of research, knowledge and practice of community-based conservation in the context of continued farmer-driven processes and the emergence of diverse external interventions. Autonomous community-based conservation is largely powered by farmer demand for crop diversity. Cultural, provisioning and regulating ecosystem services play an essential role. It is argued that an enhanced understanding of the drivers and rationales influencing farmers decision-making continues to be essential under the current scenario of accelerated global change. A large and diverse portfolio of exogenous interventions have emerged since on-farm conservation has become a development issue. A variety of different interventions designed to support on-farm conservation for are reviewed. This chapter also highlights the need for an effective monitoring framework for community-based management of crop genetic resources. Such a systems could enhance the measurement, metrics and intelligence underlying the on-farm conservation status of crops and landraces.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Germplasm Assessed Through Phenotypic Traits and Simple Sequence Repeats Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desawi Hdru Teklu ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Abush Tesfaye ◽  
Jacob Mashilo ◽  
Xiurong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Background Ethiopia is one of the centres of genetic diversity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The sesame genetic resources present in the country should be explored for local, regional and international sesame improvement programs to design high performing and market preferred varieties. This study's objectives were to determine the extent of genetic variation among 100 diverse cultivated sesame germplasm collections of Ethiopia using phenotypic traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to select distinct and complementary specimens for breeding. One-hundred sesame entries were field evaluated at two locations in Ethiopia for agro-morphological traits and seed oil content using a 10 × 10 lattice design with two replications. Test specimens were profiled using 27 selected polymorphic SSR markers. Results The analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) entry by environment interaction for plant height, internode length, number of secondary branches, and seed yield. Genotypes such as Hirhir Kebabo Hairless-9, Setit-3, Orofalc ACC-2, Hirhir Humera Sel-6, ABX=2-01-2, and Setit-1 recorded higher grain yield of > 0.73 ton ha-1 with excellent performance in yield component such as oil and seed yield per hectare. Seed yield had positive and significant (p < 0.01) associations with oil yield (r = 0.99) useful for simultaneous selection for yield improvement in sesame. The SSR markers revealed gene diversity and polymorphic information content of 0.30 and 0.25, respectively, showing that the tested sesame accessions were genetically diverse. Cluster analysis resolved the accessions into two groups, while population structure analysis revealed four major heterotic groups, this enabling selection and subsequent crosses to develop breeding populations for cultivar development.Conclusions Based on phenotypic and genomic divergence, the following complementary specimens were selected: Hirhir Humera Sel-6, Setit-3, Hirhir Kebabo Hairless Sel-4, Hirhir Nigara 1st Sel-1, Humera-1 and Hirhir Kebabo Early Sel-1 (from cluster II-a), Hirhir kebabo hairless-9, NN-0029(2), NN0068-2 and Bawnji Fiyel Kolet, (from cluster II-b). The selected genetic resources are recommended for use in sesame production and breeding programs in Ethiopia.

Effects of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) and Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) enriched diet on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in female rat livers

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Martin ◽  
H Figard-Fabre ◽  
N Chernine ◽  
A Berthelot ◽  
L Richert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Rat Livers

Ex-situ conservation of medicinal plant genetic resources managed by national agrobiodiversity center of Korea

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Sung ◽  
CW Jeong ◽  
YY Lee ◽  
HS Lee ◽  
YA Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ

Mucuna pruriens (Kewanch), the L-DOPA (anti parkinson's drug) producing plant species: current scenario and future prospects

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Dhawan ◽  
SK Susheel ◽  
MP Darokar ◽  
H Mishra ◽  
RK Lal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Current Scenario

Energy Efficiency Analysis in ERA using NFL-BA Algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
Palky Mehta ◽  
H. L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Head ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Energy Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

In the current scenario of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), power consumption is the major issue associated with nodes in WSN. LEACH technique plays a vital role of clustering in WSN and reduces the energy usage effectively. But LEACH has its own limitation in order to search cluster head nodes which are randomly distributed over the network. In this paper, ERA-NFL- BA algorithm is being proposed for selects the cluster heads in WSN. This algorithm help in selection of cluster heads can freely transform from global search to local search. At the end, a comparison has been done with earlier researcher using protocol ERA-NFL, which clearly shown that proposed Algorithm is best suited and from comparison results that ERA-NFL-BA has given better performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document