Politicization of Rights-Based Development and Marginalization of Human Rights from Below: The Case of Maternal Health Rights in India

2018 ◽  
pp. 173-196
Author(s):  
Surma Das
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Rights

Ensuring Reproductive Rights of Women in Nepal: Law and Praxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
D. N. Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

 Reproductive rights are fundamental rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world, but have a commonality about the protection, preservation and promotion of a woman‘s reproductive health rights. Reproductive rights include the right to autonomy and self-determination , the right of everyone to make free and informed decisions and have full control over their body, sexuality, health, relationships, and if, when and with whom to partner, marry and have children , without any form of discrimination, stigma, coercion or violence. The access and availability of reproductive health services are limited due to geography and other issues, non-availability and refusal of reproductive health services may lead to serious consequences. The State need to ensure accessibility, availability, safe and quality reproductive health services and address the lifecycle needs of women and girls and provide access of every young women and girls to comprehensive sexuality education based on their evolving capacity as their human rights, through its inclusion and proper implementation in school curriculum, community-based awareness program and youth led mass media. It is necessary for strengthening compliance, in a time-bound manner, with international human rights standards that Nepal has ratified that protect, promote, and fulfill the basic human rights and reproductive health rights in Nepal and also need to review standards and conventions that Nepal has had reservations about or those that have been poorly implemented in the country.

scholarly journals Widespread emergency department access block: a human rights issue in Australia?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Allison ◽  
Tarun Bastiampillai ◽  
Richard O’Reilly ◽  
Steven S Sharfstein ◽  
David Castle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Inpatient Psychiatric Care ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Health Rights ◽  
Rights Issue

Objective: There are increasing demands on emergency psychiatrists with higher numbers of mental health presentations, and longer stays in emergency departments (EDs). Australia, like other English speaking countries, funds considerably lower numbers of psychiatric beds than average for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Consequently, acute bed occupancy is high, and a bed is frequently unavailable when a person needs admission. Patients with serious mental illness can wait days in busy and overstimulating EDs, become agitated and assaultive, and then require chemical and physical restraint. All patients have a right to safe high quality care, but the paucity of beds deprives patients of this right. The Australasian College of Emergency Medicine recommends reporting ED access block to health ministers, and human rights and/or health rights commissioners, and recommends increased funding for inpatient psychiatric care, emergency mental health and after-hours community services, together with more alcohol and other drug programs. Conclusions: It is challenging for emergency physicians and psychiatrists to provide optimal care for acutely unwell patients who stay extended periods in the ED. Increasing the availability of inpatient care must be considered as part of a comprehensive solution for minimising ED lengths of stay in Australia.

scholarly journals Examining the Reproductive Rights in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Uche Nnawulezi ◽  
Bosede Remilekun Adeuti
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
National Human ◽  
Integral Response ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

The prospect of achieving sustainable reproductive rights protection in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria has remained an intractable problem. To identify and recognize reproductive rights, it is necessary to comprehend that reproductive right embraces certain human rights recognized in national and international laws, including international human rights’ documents. This paper examines the existing Nigeria laws on reproductive and health rights and ascertains the extent to which it has continually and predictably addressed the reproductive rights protection problem. There is a significant protection gap in the national human rights architecture. At the international level, among the poorer adolescent girls between the age of 15-19 years, it frequently results in early pregnancy and, of course, unsafe abortion. Thus, this gap relates in particular to questions on lack of access to family planning services. This paper argues that improvement of reproductive and sexual health goes far beyond the right to life and the right to health of women and girls. To guarantee Nigeria's reproductive rights, a more integral response to these critical human rights and development challenges can address Nigeria's protection gap. This paper adopts an analytical and qualitative approach by referring to existing pieces of literature achieved by the synthesis of ideas. This paper concludes that the adoption of a new approach to policies and programs on preventable maternal mortality and morbidity guarantees the right to attain the highest standard of sexual reproductive health in Nigeria. KEYWORDS: Reproductive Rights, Health Issues, COVID-19 Pandemic, Nigeria.

scholarly journals [South] Africa's Health System and Human Rights: A Critical African Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(J)) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Kgothatso Brucely Shai ◽  
Olusola Ogunnubi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Health System ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
African National Congress ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Health Rights

For more than two decades, 21st March has been canonised and celebrated among South Africans as Human Rights Day. Earmarked by the newly democratic and inclusive South Africa, it commemorates the Sharpeville and Langa massacres. As history recorded, on the 21st March 1960, residents of Sharpeville and subsequently, Langa embarked on a peaceful anti-pass campaign led by the African National Congress (ANC) breakaway party, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). The pass (also known as dompas) was one of the most despised symbols of apartheid; a system declared internationally as a crime against humanity. In the post-apartheid era, it is expectedthat all South Africans enjoy and celebrate the full extent of their human rights. However, it appears that the envisaged rights are not equally enjoyed by all. This is because widening inequalities in the health-care system, in schooling, and in the lucrative sporting arena have not been amicably and irrevocably resolved. Furthermore, it is still the norm that the most vulnerable of South Africans, especially rural Africans, find it difficult, and sometimes, impossible to access adequate and even essential healthcare services. Central to the possible questions to emerge from this discourse are the following(i) What is the current state of South Africa’s health system at the turn of 23 years of its majority rule? (ii) Why is the South African health system still unable to sufficiently deliver the socioeconomic health rights of most South African people? It is against this background that this article uses a critical discourse analysis approach in its broadest form to provide a nuanced Afrocentric assessment of South Africa’s human rights record in the health sector since the year 1994. Data for this article is generated through the review of the cauldron of published and unpublished academic, official and popular literature. 

Children and adolescents with cancer: vulnerabilities and implications on the right to health

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisangela Argenta Zanatta ◽  
Ketelin Figueira da Silva ◽  
Clarissa Bohrer da Silva ◽  
Maria Luiza Bevilaqua Brum ◽  
Maria da Graça Corso da Motta
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Health Care Network ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

ABSTRACT Objective To know situations of vulnerabilities experienced by children and adolescents with cancer and their implications on health rights. Method A qualitative study, developed from 2017 to 2018, in two Santa Catarina hospitals. The interviewees were 11 family members of children/adolescents with cancer, a prevalent chronic disease identified in hospitalizations in 2017. A descriptive and thematic analysis was carried out based on the vulnerability and human rights framework. Results Among the chronic diseases, cancer was prevalent. Vulnerability situations were discussed considering the trajectories in the health care network, the challenges facing the care routine and the support networks for the exercise of the right to health. Final considerations Chronic diseases such as cancer require timely, decisive and effective responses from the health system with a view to maintaining human rights.

scholarly journals A Wake-Up Call in Our Upside-Down World: Three Starting-Points for Advancing Health Rights and Social Justice in a Post-Pandemic Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Alicia Ely Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Law Of Nature ◽  
Social Contracts ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Rights ◽  
Health Justice ◽  
Eduardo Galeano

Abstract What the world and our health systems and societies look like in the future depends on the meaning(s) we take from this pandemic, and in turn how we collectively respond. Before the pandemic, we were living in a scandalously unequal world in which one per cent owned as much wealth as the rest of the globe’s population. Worse yet, as Eduardo Galeano suggested, in our upside-down world, this injustice had come to be accepted as a law of nature. This calamity has ravaged the planet with added suffering—some from the disease itself and more that is the result of structural injustice and policies adopted in response. But the disruption in the lives of tens of millions, as well as in the organization of our societies, provides an opportunity for subverting a number of pillars of the upside-down world, and we in the overlapping fields of health justice and human rights have a responsibility to think and act boldly on transformative political possibilities now. In this essay, I set out three lessons and the implications of those lessons. First, we must hold governments to account for the disparate impacts not only of the virus but of governmental responses to the virus. Secondly, if we hope to emerge from this pandemic with meaningful social contracts, it is imperative that we understand health and health systems as integral to democracy. Thirdly, we need to reimagine the architecture of aid, as well as global health and economic governance.

Maternal health and human rights

The Lancet ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 371 (9608) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health And Human Rights
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