Ensuring Reproductive Rights of Women in Nepal: Law and Praxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
D. N. Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

 Reproductive rights are fundamental rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world, but have a commonality about the protection, preservation and promotion of a woman‘s reproductive health rights. Reproductive rights include the right to autonomy and self-determination , the right of everyone to make free and informed decisions and have full control over their body, sexuality, health, relationships, and if, when and with whom to partner, marry and have children , without any form of discrimination, stigma, coercion or violence. The access and availability of reproductive health services are limited due to geography and other issues, non-availability and refusal of reproductive health services may lead to serious consequences. The State need to ensure accessibility, availability, safe and quality reproductive health services and address the lifecycle needs of women and girls and provide access of every young women and girls to comprehensive sexuality education based on their evolving capacity as their human rights, through its inclusion and proper implementation in school curriculum, community-based awareness program and youth led mass media. It is necessary for strengthening compliance, in a time-bound manner, with international human rights standards that Nepal has ratified that protect, promote, and fulfill the basic human rights and reproductive health rights in Nepal and also need to review standards and conventions that Nepal has had reservations about or those that have been poorly implemented in the country.

scholarly journals Conscientious Objection to Abortion and Accommodating Women's Reproductive Health Rights: Reflections on a Decision of the Constitutional Court of Colombia from an African Regional Human Rights Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G Ngwena
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Conscientious Objector ◽  
Women’S Reproductive Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Women's Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Rights

AbstractIf applied in isolation from the fundamental rights of women seeking abortion services, the right to conscientious objection can render any given rights to abortion illusory, including the rights to health, life, equality and dignity that are attendant to abortion. A transformative understanding of human rights requires that the right to conscientious objection to abortion be construed in a manner that is subject to the correlative duties which are imposed on the conscientious objector, as well as the state, in order to accommodate women's reproductive health rights. In recent years, the Colombian Constitutional Court has been giving a judicial lead on the development of a right to conscientious objection that accommodates women's fundamental rights. This article reflects on one of the court's decisions and draws lessons for the African region.

scholarly journals Examining the Reproductive Rights in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Uche Nnawulezi ◽  
Bosede Remilekun Adeuti
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
National Human ◽  
Integral Response ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Rights

The prospect of achieving sustainable reproductive rights protection in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria has remained an intractable problem. To identify and recognize reproductive rights, it is necessary to comprehend that reproductive right embraces certain human rights recognized in national and international laws, including international human rights’ documents. This paper examines the existing Nigeria laws on reproductive and health rights and ascertains the extent to which it has continually and predictably addressed the reproductive rights protection problem. There is a significant protection gap in the national human rights architecture. At the international level, among the poorer adolescent girls between the age of 15-19 years, it frequently results in early pregnancy and, of course, unsafe abortion. Thus, this gap relates in particular to questions on lack of access to family planning services. This paper argues that improvement of reproductive and sexual health goes far beyond the right to life and the right to health of women and girls. To guarantee Nigeria's reproductive rights, a more integral response to these critical human rights and development challenges can address Nigeria's protection gap. This paper adopts an analytical and qualitative approach by referring to existing pieces of literature achieved by the synthesis of ideas. This paper concludes that the adoption of a new approach to policies and programs on preventable maternal mortality and morbidity guarantees the right to attain the highest standard of sexual reproductive health in Nigeria. KEYWORDS: Reproductive Rights, Health Issues, COVID-19 Pandemic, Nigeria.

Conscientious Objection in Reproductive Health Care: Analysis of Pichon and Sajous v. France

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Lamačková
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Health Care Context ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis article explores the issue of conscientious objection invoked by health professionals in the reproductive and sexual health care context and its impact on women's ability to access health services. The right to exercise conscientious objection has been recognized by many international and European scholars as being derived from the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. It is not, however, an absolute right. When the exercise of conscientious objection conflicts with other human rights and fundamental freedoms, a balance must be struck between the right to conscientious objection and other affected rights such as the right to respect for private life, the right to equality and non-discrimination, and the right to receive and impart information. Particularly in the reproductive health care context, states that allow health professionals to exercise conscientious objection must accommodate this in such a way that its exercise does not compromise women's access to health services. This article analyses the European Court of Human Rights' decision on admissibility in Pichon and Sajous v. France (2001) and argues that a balancing approach should be applied in cases of conscientious objection in the sexual and reproductive health care context.

Introduction: Did the Amicus Effort Make a Difference?

1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 153-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Kolbert
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
High Court ◽  
Abortion Debate ◽  
First Case ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right ◽  
Roe V Wade

With the opening of the new Supreme Court term and three new cases, each with the potential of eroding or overruling Roe v. Wade, discussions of Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, the most anticipated case of the 1989 term, are seemingly out of fashion. But Webster is significant and noteworthy as the first case of this decade which directly presented the high Court an opportunity to overrule Roe, the 1973 landmark case which afforded women the right to make intimate decisions about abortion free of governmental interference. The Court, flooded with amici curiae on both sides of the issue and an avalanche of political activism unparalleled in this decade, left Roe intact, albeit slightly modified. Because there are no longer five solid votes on the Court to uphold Roe, Webster has left its mark on American politics and has radically changed the tenor of the abortion debate for years to come.

scholarly journals A long way to go: engagement of men and boys in country family planning commitments and implementation plans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Christopher Hook ◽  
Karen Hardee ◽  
Tim Shand ◽  
Sandra Jordan ◽  
Margaret E. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Male Engagement ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Implementation Plans

Background: Evidence shows that, to reach global goals related to women and girls’ access to modern family planning (FP) and gender equality, it is critical to understand and account for the role of men and boys as users of reproductive health services, as partners for millions of women & girls around the world, and as advocates in their communities. Under the Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) partnership, countries were encouraged to develop costed implementation plans and action plans in an effort to provide 120 million additional women and girls with contraception. As FP2020 becomes FP2030, reviewing these previously-developed strategies helps understand the extent to which countries considered the engagement of men as an important aspect of their family planning portfolios. Methods: We conducted textual analysis on commitments and implementation plans related to achieving FP2020 commitments in seven countries in Africa and one in Asia to determine the extent to which male engagement was incorporated into country or subnational family planning goals, with particular focus on FP policy, program, and financial commitments.  Results: Some of the documents analyzed included robust plans for including male engagement in their efforts to expand access to FP.  The strongest aspects of male engagement programming were those that sought to engage men as advocates for women’s access to and use of FP services, and improve men’s knowledge and attitudes related to contraception and reproduction. The weakest aspects were engaging men as users of services and, vitally, tackling underlying gender norms which hamper men’s and women’s health-seeking behaviors and attitudes. Conclusions: Developing FP programs that target men and boys as people deserving of reproductive health services, as partners with women in building their families, and as social activists in their communities, will complement and strengthen existing FP programs as well as promote broader goals related to gender equality.

scholarly journals Level and Predictors of Knowledge of Reproductive Rights Among Haramaya University Students, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yuya ◽  
Hassen Abdi Adem ◽  
Nega Assefa ◽  
Addisu Alemu ◽  
Abdurezak Adem Umer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
University Students ◽  
Health Services Utilization ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Services Utilization

Background: Globally, two-thirds of pre-mature deaths and one-third of the total disease burden in adults are associated with problems that began in adolescent and youth. Global and national acting educational and health policies, strategies, and programs designed to promote, implement, and improve adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health services utilization should be responsive, consider the knowledge of reproductive rights and risk factors. This study assessed the level and predictors of knowledge of reproductive rights among Haramaya University students in Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected Haramaya University students from March 1 to 24, 2018. A self-administered pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with knowledge of reproductive rights. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to report association and significance was declared at P-value < 0.05.Results: Of 822 total students invited to the study, 812 (98.8%) respondents participated in the study. A total of 424 students (52.2%, 95% CI: 48.8, 55.4%) had an above-average level of knowledge on reproductive rights. Participants who were in the fourth and above year of the study [AOR = 2.37 (1.58, 3.54)], whose father's had higher education [AOR = 1.89 (1.27, 2.80)], who came from rich families [AOR = 1.54 (1.07, 2.21)], in the health faculty [AOR = 3.37 (2.17, 5.23)], utilized reproductive health services [AOR = 2.81 (2.21, 4.98)] and participated in reproductive health club [AOR = 1.77 (1.27, 2.47)] were significantly associated with knowledge of reproductive rights.Conclusion: Around half of the participants knew reproductive rights. In this study, lack of awareness (information) on reproductive health issues and absence of reproductive health services utilization were strong independent predictors of knowledge of reproductive rights.

scholarly journals Le Droit À L’eau: Un Droit Fondamental Des Autres Droits De L’homme

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ziad Tak
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Services ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Right

The right to water is a right for all and must be implemented in a nondiscriminatory manner in accordance with the conditions and limits laid down by some particular laws and regulations. In order to make the right to drinking water and sanitation a reality, water and sanitation services must be made affordable to the population as a whole. Property and access to other human rights such as the right to housing, food or health services should also be made available to the population. Internationally, several countries have recognized the right to drinking water and sanitation, but have not actually implemented it at the national level. The objective of this study is to show the importance of the implementation of the right to drinking water, so that it can be made available to all. Since the most widely traded studies on human rights were dominated by political and judicial character, I tried in this study to broaden the meaning of human rights and to provide more Rights. This is despite the fact that it has not been compensated by specific legal texts. As a result, the problem of the study is focused on water as a fundamental need of human, and access to water is part of its fundamental rights.

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