Position of Nepali Congress in the Electoral Politics of Nepal

Nepali Congress (NC) is one of the oldest political party of Nepal. It played a vital role to abolish the century long autocratic Rana rule in 1951. It fought against the party-less Panchayat system and the regressive step of the king. It opposes active kingship and communism. It believes in a representative democracy. It has participated in every election of Nepal that was conducted democratically. It won more than two-thirds majority seats in the first general election held in 1959. In every election, it stayed in the first or second position. This article tries to analyze the status of NC in the elections of Nepal. Data of seven general elections were examined in this article. Data were extracted basically from the reports of the Election Commission.

Organizational Justices and Employees' Demography: Empirical Evidence form Nepalese Employees

In the context of controversial empirical evidences regarding the effect of demographic variables on organizational justices, this study was carried out to measure the (a) employees' perceived organizational justice within the different demographic groups, and (b) the impact of demographic aspects (i.e., sex, tenure, and education) on organizational justices. Five hundred forty-six employees working in Nepalese commercial banks were taken as the sample. Perceptual cross-sectional data were analyzed quantitatively using both descriptive and inferential statistics. This study revealed that the average level of perceived justices was more than fifty percentages on five-point Likert-type scales, indicating they did not feel injustice. Females than males, temporary than permanent, and master's degree holders than bachelor's degree holders perceive less distributive justice. Likewise, female than male, permanent than temporary, master's degree holders than higher or lesser degree holders perceive less procedural justice. Similarly, regarding interactive justice, male than female, temporary than permanent, and master's degree holders than bachelor's degree holders feel comparatively less honesty, courtesy, respect, and politeness in their working relationship. Some empirical and theoretical implications are suggested.

Reflection of Cultural Crisis in Bhutanese Nepali Diasporic Poetry

This article has discussed how Bhutanese Nepali diasporic poetry has depicted cultural crises of the community settled in Europe, America and Oceania. Twenty one poems composed by Bhutanese Nepali diasporic poets from 2009 to 2019 have been selected through purposive sampling and their content analysis has been conducted with the focus on their themes. The study has found that the Bhutanese Nepali culture has been in crisis in the diaspora. The community is working to preserve it; but many socio-economic conditions do not favour them. They find problems in celebrating their festivals, eating their food, observing the rituals, using language, wearing traditional Nepali dress, and following their work pattern. With these difficulties and being in the minority marginal position in the host land, they find their identity in crisis resulting into emotional insecurity. It is believed that this article will contribute to the study of diasporic culture and the problems of the transnational migrant communities.

Code-Mixing and Code Switching: A Special Issue in ELT

The aim of this article is to offer a brief discussion on the issue of code-mixing and code-switching which has played crucial but controversial role in the foreign language teaching-learning activities more specifically in the English Language Teaching (ELT). The methodology used in this article is essentially the descriptive one which deals with the non-numerical data to explain and analyze the proposed issue. The basic theory has been drawn from the sociolinguistics that generally discusses on the bilingualism as well as multilingualism where the notion of code-mixing and code-switching have become universal phenomenon. This paper can be helpful for the students, teachers, textbook writers and the beginners of the ELT practitioners.

Feminist Voice in Abhi Subedi's Agniko Katha

This article analyzes Abhi Subedi's play, Agniko Katha, from a feminist perspective. Feminist critics blame that the classics of literature are partly responsible for creating and perpetuating the myth about 'eternal feminine.' They claim that there are only two images available for women in patriarchal literature. One is the image of a virtuous passive woman and the other is the promiscuous selfish woman. The author of such literary texts rewards the virtuous woman whereas they punish the promiscuous one. Feminists argue that the underlying message of this method is: if a woman wants to survive in patriarchy she must act feminine. This effects women in their real life situation for they tend to perform feminine gender roles though they are disadvantageous to them. Thus, they protest the stereotype depiction of female characters in literary and other cultural texts. The article argues that Subedi defies the traditional notion of femininity and creates new roles for his female characters. The protagonist of the play denies to play her assigned feminine role and searches for a new role for her. She questions and protests the patriarchal gender roles which are bias against women. Thus, it is relevant to explore the feminist voice in the text. The finding of the article suggests that women, too, have the potentiality to create new roles for themselves and bring change into society.

Major Tendencies of Lexical Borrowing from English to Oral Business Nepali: Implications for Translators and Language Teacher

In the present study, words and expressions from English used in Nepali while conducting business transactions orally were counted from a corpus comprising approximately 24,000 words using the "Navigation Pane" in the computer. A total of 875 English words including all repetitions were captured. Analyzing the contextual use-and-usage patterns of the English words from the data text, nine tendencies were identified: varying frequencies of the borrowed words; structural patterns of the loanwords; speaker-influence on hearer responses; brevity of the borrowed words/expressions; morphological simplicity; phonological deviation; borrowing as a need; borrowing as an option; and borrowing as a strategy of avoiding L1 vulgarism or indecency. The implication drawn from the study is important for translators and language teachers: there is no point in artificially translating commonly used loanwords borrowed from English to Nepali in the name of preserving the purity of the Nepali language. Moreover, an area for the English teacher's focus of teaching is the phonologically deviated loanblends.

Effects of Macroeconomic Factors on Gross Domestic Product in Nepal

The main aim of this paper has tried to find the effect of macroeconomic factors like trade, population growth rate, domestic credit to private sector, and consumer price index on GDP growth using time series data of the last four decades (1975-2018) of Nepal which has been retrieved from a legitimate source of World Bank. This study has used descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression model to access the relationship between predictors and predictand variables. It has been found that there was no significant relationship between GDP growth and macroeconomic factors. This implies that change in any of the variables did not change GDP growth. The finding of the study has suggested the need for more researches with reliable data to find out the causes of economic growth in Nepal.

ICT Integrated Teaching: An Interpretive Inquiry of Teachers and Students' Perceptions on ICT based Teaching

ICT based teaching is the most popular fashion of today's higher education in the world. Most of the teachers and students tried to habituate in ICT tools for their teaching and learning. Due to this fact scenario, I focused on to explore the perception of teachers and students towards ICT as teaching- learning tools. It has used the qualitative approach where phenomenology as the research method to explore the realities. The teachers and students were selected through the purposive sampling. The focus group discussion and in-depth interview were conducted with the selected informants to reach the rich and depth information. The major finding is that the teachers and students were highly positive to use the ICT tools in higher education teaching. It helped to create the motivating and entertaining classroom. It also facilitated in self-learning for teachers and students. It supported to the teachers and students to develop the collaborative learning culture, where they easily promoted the supported culture.

Ensuring Reproductive Rights of Women in Nepal: Law and Praxis

Reproductive rights are fundamental rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world, but have a commonality about the protection, preservation and promotion of a woman‘s reproductive health rights. Reproductive rights include the right to autonomy and self-determination , the right of everyone to make free and informed decisions and have full control over their body, sexuality, health, relationships, and if, when and with whom to partner, marry and have children , without any form of discrimination, stigma, coercion or violence. The access and availability of reproductive health services are limited due to geography and other issues, non-availability and refusal of reproductive health services may lead to serious consequences. The State need to ensure accessibility, availability, safe and quality reproductive health services and address the lifecycle needs of women and girls and provide access of every young women and girls to comprehensive sexuality education based on their evolving capacity as their human rights, through its inclusion and proper implementation in school curriculum, community-based awareness program and youth led mass media. It is necessary for strengthening compliance, in a time-bound manner, with international human rights standards that Nepal has ratified that protect, promote, and fulfill the basic human rights and reproductive health rights in Nepal and also need to review standards and conventions that Nepal has had reservations about or those that have been poorly implemented in the country.

Linkage between Job Satisfaction, Democratic Leadership Style and the Organizational Commitment of Employees of Privates of Bank in Nepal

This study investigated the effect of job satisfaction and perceived democratic leadership style of the managers on the organizational commitment of the employees working in the private banks in Nepal. The population in this study was all employees working in the private banks in Nepal. A hybrid instrument, which comprised pre-tested instruments, was used to collect the data. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis of the research was multiple regression analysis. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 25, was used for analyzing the data. The study's findings- job satisfaction of the employees and their perception of the democratic leadership style of their managers, had a significant positive impact on their organizational commitment. This study's originality is that this study shows how the employees' perception of their manager's democratic leadership style and their job satisfaction affect their organizational commitment to the Nepalese context.