scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Alteration of Cooling Effectivity Through Excitation-Frequency Variation Within an Impingement Jet Array with Side-Wall Induced Crossflow

2018 ◽  
pp. 339-353
Author(s):  
Arne Berthold ◽  
Frank Haucke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Jet Array

Influence of Excitation Frequency, Phase Shift, and Duty Cycle on Cooling Ratio in a Dynamically Forced Impingement Jet Array

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Berthold ◽  
Frank Haucke
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Liquid Crystal Thermography ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Nusselt Numbers ◽  
Cycle Variation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Frequency Phase ◽  
Jet Array

Abstract The cooling ratio on a dynamically forced 7 × 7 impingement jet array is studied experimentally. The current study is focused on determining the influence of a phase shift between every row of nozzles as well as the impact of a duty cycle variation on the cooling ratio. Both parameters are studied in dependency of the impingement distance (H/D = 2, 3, 5), the (nozzle-) Reynolds-number (ReD = 3200, 5200, 7200), and the excitation frequency (f = 0 Hz − 1000 Hz). For every set of parameters, the phase shift between every row of nozzles is varied between Φ=0% and 90%, while the variation of the duty cycle is performed between duty cycle (DC) = 35% and 65%. During all investigations, the dimensionless distance between adjacent nozzles is fixed at Sx/D = Sy/D = 5, and liquid crystal thermography is used to acquire the wall temperatures, which are further processed to calculate the local Nusselt numbers. Generally, the implementation of an excitation frequency allows a case-depending increase in the cooling ratio of up to 52%. Further implementation of a phase shift yields an additional frequency-depending improvement of the cooling ratio. In case of duty cycle variation, the best case revealed an additional 19% improvement in the cooling ratio.

Influence of Excitation Frequency, Phase-Shift and Duty Cycle on Cooling Ratio in a Dynamically Forced Impingement Jet Array

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Berthold ◽  
Frank Haucke
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Liquid Crystal Thermography ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Nusselt Numbers ◽  
Cycle Variation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Frequency Phase ◽  
Jet Array

Abstract The cooling ratio on a dynamically forced 7×7 impingement jet array is studied experimentally. The current study is focused on determining the influence of a phase-shift between every row of nozzles as well as the impact of a duty cycle variation on the cooling ratio. Both parameters are studied in dependency of the impingement distance (H/D = 2, 3, 5), the (nozzle-)Reynolds-number (ReD = 3200, 5200, 7200) and the excitation frequency (f = 0 Hz – 1000 Hz). For every set of parameters, the phase-shift between every row of nozzles is varied between Φ = 0% – 90% while the variation of the duty-cycle is performed between DC = 35% – 65%. During all investigations, the dimensionless distance between adjacent nozzles is fixed at x/D = y/D = 5 and liquid crystal thermography is used to acquire the wall temperatures, which are further processed to calculate the local Nusselt numbers. Generally, the implementation of an excitation frequency allows a case depending increase in cooling ratio of up to 52%. Further implementation of a phase-shift yields an additional frequency-depending improvement of the cooling ratio. In case of duty cycle variation, the best case revealed an additional 19% improvement in cooling ratio.

WINGLET-PAIR TARGET SURFACE ROUGHNESS INFLUENCES ON IMPINGEMENT JET ARRAY HEAT TRANSFER

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Ligrani ◽  
Patrick McInturff ◽  
Masaaki Suzuki ◽  
Chiyuki Nakamata
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Jet Array

An Experimental Study on the Transport of Sediment in Sewer Pipes with a Permanent Deposit

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Perrusquía
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Critical Shear Stress ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Bedload Transport ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Sewer Pipes ◽  
Sediment Bed ◽  
Concrete Pipe ◽  
Geometric Factors ◽  
Particle Parameters

An experimental study of the transport of sediment in a part-full pipe was carried out in a concrete pipe. The experiments were confined to bedload transport. The purpose of this study was to analyze the flow conditions that characterize the stream traction in pipe channels and their relationship to flow resistance and sediment transport rate. Three procedures used in this kind of experimental study were tested and found valid: 1) the vertical velocity distribution near the sediment bed can be described by the velocity-defect law, 2) the side wall elimination procedure can be used to compute the hydraulic radius of the sediment bed, and 3) the critical shear stress of the sediment particles can be obtained by using Shields' diagram. A relationship to estimate bedload transport, based on dimensional analysis, was proposed. This was expressed in terms of both flow and particle parameters as well as geometric factors. Further experimental work is recommended before this relationship can be fully incorporated in a simulation model for the analysis of storm sewers.

Effect of resonant frequency variation on the ultrasonically assisted deep drawing process: numerical and experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 2243-2264
Author(s):  
Ehsan Malekipour ◽  
Hossein Heidary ◽  
Nafiseh Shahbazi Majd ◽  
Siamak Mazdak ◽  
Ebrahim Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Deep Drawing Process

Effects of coolant and wall temperature variations on impingement jet array thermal performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
S. Lu ◽  
Q. Deng ◽  
P. M. Ligrani ◽  
H. Jiang ◽  
Q. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Jet Array

Experimental Study on the Frequency of a Free Surface Fluctuation in a Vessel With or Without an Internal Structure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Yun Nam ◽  
Byoung-Hae Choi ◽  
Jong-Man Kim ◽  
Byung-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Wave Region ◽  
Surface Fluctuation ◽  
Structure Water

An experimental study has been performed to investigate the frequency of a free surface fluctuation in a vessel with and without an internal structure. Water flows in from the bottom nozzle and flows out at the side wall nozzles. There are two dominant frequency regions which are generated by a standing wave and a jet. In the standing wave region, the frequency is well described by f(4πdV/g)1/2 = 1.07 in a circular vessel. The frequency generated by a jet can be described by a dimensionless period and Froude number according to its fluctuation stability. In the case of a vessel with an internal structure, it needs a geometry factor which is described by a vessel diameter to a hydraulic diameter ratio in a standing wave region.

Experimental Study of Liquid Slosh Dynamics in a Partially-Filled Tank

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guorong Yan ◽  
Subhash Rakheja ◽  
Kamran Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Longitudinal Force ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Fill Volume ◽  
Pitch Moment ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Rigid Mass

This article reports on an experimental study conducted to investigate slosh forces and moments caused by fluid slosh within a partly-filled tank subjected to lateral and longitudinal excitations applied independently. The experiments were performed on a scale model cleanbore and a baffled tank with laterally placed single- and multiple-orifice baffles. The experiments were conducted for three different fill volumes and different types of excitations: continuous harmonic and single-cycle sinusoidal excitations of different amplitudes and discrete frequencies. The dynamic forces and moments caused by fluid slosh with the baffled and cleanbore tank configurations were measured for different fill volumes and excitations using three-axis dynamometers. It is shown that the resulting forces and moments comprise many spectral components that can be associated with the excitation, resonance, and vibration and beat frequencies. Modulation of excitation frequency with the resonant frequency was also evident for all fill conditions and tank configurations when the two were in close proximity. The results also showed that the peak amplifications of forces and moments occur in the vicinity of the resonant frequency. At higher frequencies, the peak magnitudes of the forces, however, reduced significantly to values lower than the inertial forces developed by an equivalent rigid mass. At a given excitation condition, the slosh force amplitude increased with a decrease in the fill volume. It was also observed that the presence of baffles has negligible effect on the lateral slosh force and the corresponding resonant frequency. However, it caused a significant increase in the longitudinal mode resonant frequency. The baffles greatly reduced the amplifications in longitudinal force and pitch moment under longitudinal acceleration excitations.

Crossflows From Jet Array Impingement Cooling: Effects of Hole Array Spacing, Jet-to-Target Plate Distance, and Reynolds Number

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsik Lee ◽  
Zhong Ren ◽  
Phil Ligrani ◽  
Michael D. Fox ◽  
Hee-Koo Moon
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Impinging Jets ◽  
Hole Array ◽  
Target Plate ◽  
Impingement Jet ◽  
Nusselt Numbers ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Plate Distance ◽  
Jet Array

Data which illustrate the combined and separate effects of hole array spacing, jet-to-target plate distance, and Reynolds number on cross-flows, and the resulting heat transfer, for an impingement jet array are presented. The array of impinging jets are directed to one flat surface of a channel which is bounded on three sides. Considered are Reynolds numbers ranging from 8,000 to 50,000, jet-to-target plate distances of 1.5D, 3.0D, 5.0D, and 8.0D, and steamwise and spanwise hole spacing of 5D, 8D, and 12D, where D is the impingement hole diameter. In general, the cumulative accumulations of cross-flows, from sequential rows of jets, reduce the effectiveness of each individual jet (especially for jets at larger streamwise locations). The result is sequentially decreasing periodic Nusselt number variations with streamwise development, which generally become more significant as the Reynolds number increases, and as hole spacing decreases. In other situations, the impingement cross-flow results in locally augmented Nusselt numbers. Such variations most often occur at larger downstream locations, as jet interactions are more vigorous, and local magnitudes of mixing and turbulent transport are augmented. This occurs in channels at lower Reynolds numbers, where impingement jets are confined by smaller hole spacing, and smaller jet-to-target plate distance. The overall result is complex dependence of local, line-averaged, and spatially-averaged Nusselt numbers on hole array spacing, jet-to-target plate distance, and impingement jet Reynolds number. Of particular importance are the effects of these parameters on the coherence of the shear layers which form around the impingement jets, as well as on the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability vortices which develop within the shear interface around each impingement jet.

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