The Microbial Host-Mediated Assay in Comparison with in Vitro Systems: Problems of Evaluation, Predictive Value and Practical Application

1980 ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Arni
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Microbial Host

Current and future potential of alternative techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
D. I. Givens ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Alternative Techniques

AbstractRuminant animal production faces numerous challenges and it seems that both economic and biological benefits will be derived from moving food characterization from simple energy and protein-based approaches to those which assess nutrient supply in some detail. In vitro systems will need to reflect this change and this paper considers in particular, the need for estimations of rumen volatile fatty acids and microbial protein supplies. Emphasis is placed on the possibility that in vitro techniques can be used to provide biochemical data which can themselves be used in mathematical models of wider processes. This paper also examines the need for in vitro techniques to reflect the microbial!animal response to the physical structure of foods and also the requirement for in vitro approaches which ask why a food has a certain value rather than simply what the value is. In vitro techniques also have a substantial role outside the digestive tract in predicting factors such as voluntary food intake and some aspects of tissue metabolism and some of these aspects are considered. Tor practical application in vitro techniques will need to provide value for money and be compatible as parameters in mathematical models to have an impact at farm level. In this regard physical in vitro techniques such as NIRS seem to have enormous potential.

Dental optical coherence tomography: a comparison of two in vitro systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
L L Otis ◽  
B W Colston ◽  
M J Everett ◽  
H Nathel
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
In Vitro Systems

Body Mass Index, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and their Predictive Value in vitro Fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1842-1845
Author(s):  
Lavinia Stelea ◽  
Izabella Petre ◽  
Marius Craina ◽  
Brigitha Vlaicu ◽  
Alina Sisu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Weight Problems ◽  
Fertility Disorder

The aim of this study was to determine if body mass can be considered a risk factor for infertility, and if we can find any correlations between the age values and the FSH and estradiol values, and between the BMI values and the FSH and estradiol values. Our whole sample contains 100 patients splinted in two groups (pregnant patients N1=57 subjects, 57%, and not � pregnant patients N1=43 subjects,43%). In the first part we conducted our analysis on the whole group and after that we focused the analysis on the two groups and we made some comparisons between the groups. We obtained a medium, extremely significant correlation in all scenarios between the age and the FSH values. This is the best association from all the cases which we tested. In all twelve cases we have a positive correlation (r ] 0). As well, we obtained that a BMI value higher than 25can be considered a risk factor for obtaining a pregnancy (p[0.05, RR ] 1, OR]1) . Our study shows that women who have weight problems have much less chances of conceiving a baby, even if they ovulate normally. The risk of infertility increases proportionally to the extra pounds. Irregular ovulation in women is the most common fertility disorder due to obesity disease.

scholarly journals Academic collaborative models fostering the translation of physiological in vitro systems from basic research into drug discovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Silvestri ◽  
Francisca Vicente ◽  
María J. Vicent ◽  
Bahne Stechmann ◽  
Wolfgang Fecke
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Collaborative Models ◽  
In Vitro Systems

scholarly journals Human Oligodendrocytes and Myelin In Vitro to Evaluate Developmental Neurotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7929
Author(s):  
Megan Chesnut ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
Helena Hogberg ◽  
David Pamies
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Developmental Neurotoxicity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Human Oligodendrocytes

Neurodevelopment is uniquely sensitive to toxic insults and there are concerns that environmental chemicals are contributing to widespread subclinical developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Increased DNT evaluation is needed due to the lack of such information for most chemicals in common use, but in vivo studies recommended in regulatory guidelines are not practical for the large-scale screening of potential DNT chemicals. It is widely acknowledged that developmental neurotoxicity is a consequence of disruptions to basic processes in neurodevelopment and that testing strategies using human cell-based in vitro systems that mimic these processes could aid in prioritizing chemicals with DNT potential. Myelination is a fundamental process in neurodevelopment that should be included in a DNT testing strategy, but there are very few in vitro models of myelination. Thus, there is a need to establish an in vitro myelination assay for DNT. Here, we summarize the routes of myelin toxicity and the known models to study this particular endpoint.

Protein-templated gold nanoclusters as specific bio-imaging probes for the detection of Hg(ii) ions in in vivo and in vitro systems: discriminating between MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A cells

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhajit Chakraborty ◽  
Atanu Nandy ◽  
Subhadip Ghosh ◽  
Nirmal Kumar Das ◽  
Sameena Parveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Mcf10a Cells

Sub-nanomolar selective detection of Hg(ii) ions by protein (Human Serum Albumin, HSA) templated gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), both in in vitro as well as in vivo environments and specific endocytose behaviour towards breast cancer (BC) cell lines.

The Use of In Vitro Systems for Evaluating Haematotoxicity

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-231
Author(s):  
Laura Gribaldo ◽  
Juan Bueren ◽  
Ahmed Deldar ◽  
Peter Hokland ◽  
Clive Meredith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Systems

STUDIES ON THE ANTITHROMBOTIC ACTION OF A LOW MOLECULARWEIGHT HEPARIN OBTAINED FROM BEEF MUCOSAL ORIGIN AND PEROXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Bianchini ◽  
R Nonn ◽  
J Fareed ◽  
J M Walenga ◽  
A Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Heparin Cofactor Ii ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Mean Molecular Weight

We have studied a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) obtained by acontrolled peroxidative depolymerization of beef mucosal heparin (OP 2123, Opocrin, Corlo, Italy). This product was found to be significantly different from other LMWHs in that it exhibits the same COO-/SO2- ratios as unfractionated heparin, contains reducing end groups composed of 2-sulfated iduronic acid or 6-disulfated glucosamine and retains an identical structural integrity as that of native heparin. As opposed to most other LMWHs the oligosaccharide components of OP 2123 consist of homogeneous progressive units. In addition, the relative amount of AT-IIIaffinity components in OP 2123 were 20-30% less than other LMWHs. OP 2123 has a mean molecular weight of 6200 daltons with a potency of 90 anti-factor Xa U/mg and 68 USP U/mg. This agent produced strong antithrombotic actions in a rabbit stasis model against both an activated prothrombin complex and a prothrombin complex concentrate/Russell's viper venomcombination (ED50:(IV) 30-70 ug/kg;(SC) 0.6-1.5 mg/kg). The antithrombotic effects were comparable to other LMWHs in normal rabbits: however, in AT III depleted rabbits (immunodepleted and y thrombin depleted), OP 2123 produced stronger antithrombotic effects than most other LMWHs. The in vitro systems in contrast to other LMWHs, CP 2123 produced stronger inhibitory effects in AT III depleted plasma as measured by fibrinopeptide A generation and amidolytic anti-factor Xa and anti-factor Ila methods. The relative heparin cofactor II activity as measured by amidolytic method was also found to be higher than with most LMWHs. These results suggest that OP 2123, unlike most LMWHs, non AT III mediated actions play a major role in themendiation of the antithrombotic actions.

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