A Role of Cyclic AMP in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Receptor Control of Hydrogen Ion Secretion by Mammalian Gastric Mucosa

1982 ◽  
pp. 651-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Thompson ◽  
E. D. Jacobson ◽  
G. C. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Secretion

Relationship between potassium, acid secretion and bioelectric potentials of frog gastric mucosa in the presence of histamine and thiocyanate

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (6) ◽  
pp. 1266-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Harris ◽  
Isidore S. Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Secretion ◽  
Transient Rise ◽  
Net Flux ◽  
Bioelectric Potentials ◽  
Sustained Increase

The transmucosal potential difference (PD), the rate of H+ secretion and the net flux of potassium from nutrient to secretory phases (JnsK) of the frog gastric mucosa were studied in vitro by the chamber method. Histamine produced a fall in PD, a sustained increase in H+ production and an equivocal rise in JnsK. Increasing the nutrient potassium concentration (Kn) to 8.5 mEq/l. in the presence of histamine induced a depression in PD, although the rate of acid secretion was unchanged. Hydrogen ion secretion decreased when the nutrient potassium concentration was decreased to 1 mEq/l. despite the continued presence of histamine. The response of JnsK to alterations in nutrient potassium concentration was unaffected by the presence of either histamine or thiocyanate. Thiocyanate produced almost complete inhibition of H+ secretion and a rise in PD. Raising the nutrient potassium concentration in the presence of thiocyanate produced a prompt and sustained fall in PD, followed by a transient rise when Kn was lowered. Alterations of the nutrient potassium concentration in the presence of thiocyanate had no effect on the rate of acidification. The data indicate that under certain circumstances PD and H+ secretion can be uncoupled and that the inverse relationship between Kn and PD is substantially independent of the rate of H+ secretion.

scholarly journals Effect of cyclic AMP on hydrogen ion secretion by turtle urinary bladder

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Lief ◽  
Bertrand F. Mutz ◽  
Norman Bank
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Secretion

Physiological and Pharmacological Effects of Glucocorticoids on the Gastrointestinal Tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (25) ◽  
pp. 2962-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Filaretova ◽  
Tatiana Podvigina ◽  
Natalia Yarushkina
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Somatic Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Injury ◽  
Mucosal Integrity ◽  
Somatic Pain Sensitivity

The review considers the data on the physiological and pharmacological effects of glucocorticoids on the gastric mucosa and focuses on the gastroprotective role of stress-produced glucocorticoids as well as on the transformation of physiological gastroprotective effects of glucocorticoids to pathological proulcerogenic consequences. The results of experimental studies on the re-evaluation of the traditional notion that stress-produced glucocorticoids are ulcerogenic led us to the opposite conclusion suggested that these hormones play an important role in the maintenance of the gastric mucosal integrity. Exogenous glucocorticoids may exert both gastroprotective and proulcerogenic effects. Initially, gastroprotective effect of dexamethasone but not corticosterone, cortisol or prednisolone can be transformed into proulcerogenic one. The most significant factor for the transformation is the prolongation of its action rather the dose. Gastrointestinal injury can be accompanied by changes in somatic pain sensitivity and glucocorticoids contribute to these changes playing a physiological and pathological role.

Ionic fluxes of Rana pipiens stomach bathed by sulfate solutions

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kaneko-Mohammed ◽  
C. Adrian M. Hogben
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Pump ◽  
Ion Secretion ◽  
Sulfate Solutions ◽  
Ionic Fluxes

Efforts to understand the interdependence of the active transport of hydrogen and chloride ion by bathing gastric mucosae with sulfate-substituted salines have not led to agreement. For Rana pipiens, an independent hydrogen ion pump has been proposed, and an anion transporting system has been implicated in H+ transport by Rana catesbiana. This discrepancy prompted further study of the former gastric mucosa. The results show that the R. pipiens stomach does not actively transport SO4– and is able to secrete H+ without concomitant transport of anion. This is in agreement with the initial observation of Heinz and Durbin. Reversal of the spontaneous transepithelial potential upon exposure of the stomach to sulfate salines, however, is highly variable and in these experiments is attributed to a net transfer of Na+ from serosa to mucosa as well as to secretion of H+, not to the transport of the latter ion alone. For the gastric mucosa whose serosal aspect is bathed by sulfate saline, substitution of the mucosal fluid by an isoosmotic sucrose solution resulted in a reversible cessation of hydrogen ion secretion.

scholarly journals Histamine-stimulated hydrogen ion secretion by in vitro piglet gastric mucosa.

1975 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G Forte ◽  
T M Forte ◽  
T E Machen
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Secretion

The energetic coupling of acid secretion in gastric mucosa

1971 ◽  
Vol 262 (842) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Chloride Secretion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
Ion Secretion

The relation between acid secretion and oxidative metabolism has been investigated using nondestructive optical techniques to monitor the redox level of respiratory chain components in the intact, isolated bull-frog gastric mucosa. High rates of acid secretion are found to be associated with cytochrome reduction while inhibition of secretion results in oxidation of the respiratory chain components. Changes in chloride secretion, independent of hydrogen ion secretion, result in opposite cytochrome redox changes indicating that the interaction with oxidative metabolism differs for the two secretory processes. Measurement of intracellular pH changes using indicator dyes shows a correlation between cytochrome reduction and increased pH. The results suggest that there exists a close coupling between the respiratory chain components and hydrogen ion secretion and that this coupling may involve changes in intracellular pH rather than changes in high energy phosphate compounds as previously suggested.

Vitamin A: dietologist’s position

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
S. V. Orlova ◽  
E. A. Nikitina ◽  
L. I. Karushina ◽  
Yu. A. Pigaryova ◽  
O. E. Pronina
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Vitamin A (retinol) is one of the key elements for regulating the immune response and controls the division and differentiation of epithelial cells of the mucous membranes of the bronchopulmonary system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, eyes, etc. Its significance in the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic is difficult to overestimate. However, a number of studies conducted in the past have associated the additional intake of vitamin A with an increased risk of developing cancer, as a result of which vitamin A was practically excluded from therapeutic practice in developed countries. Our review highlights the role of vitamin A in maintaining human health and the latest data on its effect on the development mechanisms of somatic pathology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document