Nutritional & Metabolic Control of Brain Amino Acid Concentrations

1988 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harper ◽  
J. K. Tews
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

Brain amino acid concentrations during diving and acid-base stress in turtles

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1751-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Hitzig ◽  
M. P. Kneussl ◽  
V. Shih ◽  
R. D. Brandstetter ◽  
H. Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Neurotransmitters ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Ventilatory Drive ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

To assess the role of brain amino acid neurotransmitters in the breath hold of diving animals, concentrations of free amino acids present in the brains of turtles immediately after 2 h of apneic diving (at 20 degrees C) were measured. Additionally, the same measurements were performed on four other groups of animals subjected to 2 h of hypercapnia (8% CO2 in air), anoxia (N2 breathing), anoxia plus hypercapnia (8% CO2–92% N2), or air breathing (control). Significant changes in the concentrations of the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters known to affect respiration [gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and taurine] were seen. GABA increased significantly in those animals subjected to anoxia, whereas taurine decreased significantly in the diving animals and increased significantly in those subjected to anoxia plus hypercapnia. These results suggest that the attenuated central ventilatory drive during diving in these animals may be related to alterations in brain concentrations of GABA and taurine.

O.67 Alterations in extracellular brain amino acid concentrations in PC-shunted rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
L.S. Eriksson ◽  
A. Delin ◽  
U. Tossman ◽  
U. Ungerstedt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

Brain amino acid concentrations in rats killed by decapitation and microwave irradiation

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M. Miller ◽  
Richard S. Jope ◽  
Thomas N. Ferraro ◽  
Theodore A. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

The effect of insulin deficiency, dietary protein intake, and plasma amino acid concentrations on brain amino acid levels in rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Theresa Glanville ◽  
G. Harvey Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Amino Acid Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Brain Amino Acid

The effect of diabetes (streptozotocin, 65 mg/kg ip), dietary protein intake (15–60%), and plasma amino acid concentrations on brain large neutral amino acid levels in rats was examined. After 20 days, the plasma concentrations of methionine and the branched chain amino acids (BCAA), valine, isoleucine, and leucine were increased in diabetic rats. In brain tissue, methionine and valine levels were increased but threonine, tyrosine, and tryptophan concentrations were depressed. Increased protein consumption promoted a diabetic-like plasma amino acid pattern in normal rats while enhancing that of diabetic animals. However, with the exception of threonine, glycine, valine, and tyrosine, there was little effect on brain amino acid levels. A good association was found between the calculated brain influx rate and the actual brain concentration of threonine, methionine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in diabetic animals. There was no correlation, however, between brain influx rate and brain BCAA levels. Thus, the brain amino acid pattern in diabetes represents the combined effects of insulin insufficiency and composition of the diet ingested on plasma amino acid levels as well as metabolic adaptation within the brain itself.

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