Long-Term Climatic Variations

1994 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Variations

scholarly journals A 3500-Year Ice Chemistry Record From The Dominion Range, Antarctica: Linkages Between Climatic Variations and Precipitation Chemistry

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
Mary Jo Spencer ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Mark S. Twickler ◽  
Pieter Grootes
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record

In 1984 a 200-m ice core was collected from a local accumulation basin in the Dominion Range, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. A complete oxygen isotope record has been obtained and a considerable portion of the core has been analyzed in detail for chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and sodium. About half of the chloride is due to sea salt with the remainder originating as gaseous HCl. Nitrate levels have increased markedly over the last 1000 years whereas the levels of the other constituents have remained fairly constant.The oxygen isotope results suggest that this region of Antarctica is responding to long-term global climate forcing as well as to shorter-term climatic variations. This data will be compared with the anion and sodium records in order to determine the effects of climatic forcing on these other records. In particular, nitrate appears to vary in concert with fluctuations in long-term climate. Additionally, variations in each constituent over the 3500 year period will be examined in detail to determine the influence of other processes which affect their concentrations.

scholarly journals Reaction Of The Heat Regime Of Antarctic Ice Sheet Inland Regions On Long-Term Changes Of Climate

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Vitaly Barbash
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Heat Regime ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Isotope Analyses

A nonstationary mathematical model of thermics and dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheet has been developed, taking into consideration the influence of long-term changes of climate. The influence of climatic variations during the last 100 000 years on the temperature field within the ice sheet has been analysed. Information about climatic changes is based on paleographic data and isotope analyses of ice samples from bore holes at Vostok and Byrd stations. The input data used include results from field surveys of accumulation, temperatures of upper surface, relief of the base and thickness of the ice sheet along the flowlines in the western and eastern parts of the ice sheet, as well as experimental data on ice rheology. The computations show that traces of the climatic minimum that took place about 18 000 years ago are found in the temperature field of the Antarctic ice sheet. The model developed has proved that warming of climate due to the “greenhouse effect” leads to significant changes in the thermal regime in the upper parts of the ice sheet, but will not lead to conditions threatening bottom layers.

Simulating vegetation cover dynamics with regards to long-term climatic variations in sub-arctic landscapes

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hörður V Haraldsson ◽  
Rannveig Ólafsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Climatic Variations

scholarly journals A simple water-energy balance framework to predict the sensitivity of streamflow to climate change

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 8793-8830 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Renner ◽  
R. Seppelt ◽  
C. Bernhofer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Average Change ◽  
Hydrology And Water Resources

Abstract. Long term average change in streamflow is a major concern in hydrology and water resources management. Some simple analytical methods exist for the assessment of the sensitivity of streamflow to climatic variations. These are based on the Budyko hypothesis, which assumes that long term average streamflow can be predicted by climate conditions, namely by annual average precipitation and evaporative demand. Recently, Tomer and Schilling (2009) presented an ecohydrological concept to distinguish between effects of climate change and basin characteristics change on streamflow. We provide a theoretical foundation of this concept by showing that it is based on a coupled consideration of the water and energy balance. The concept uses a special condition that the sum of the ratio of annual actual evapotranspiration to precipitation and the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration is constant, even when climate conditions are changing. Here we apply this assumption and derive analytical solutions to the problem of streamflow sensitivity on climate. We show how climate sensitivity is influenced by different climatic conditions and the actual hydrological response of a basin. Finally, the properties and implications of the new method are compared with established Budyko sensitivity methods.

scholarly journals Reaction Of The Heat Regime Of Antarctic Ice Sheet Inland Regions On Long-Term Changes Of Climate

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 329-329
Author(s):  
Vitaly Barbash
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Heat Regime ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Isotope Analyses

A nonstationary mathematical model of thermics and dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheet has been developed, taking into consideration the influence of long-term changes of climate.The influence of climatic variations during the last 100 000 years on the temperature field within the ice sheet has been analysed. Information about climatic changes is based on paleographic data and isotope analyses of ice samples from bore holes at Vostok and Byrd stations.The input data used include results from field surveys of accumulation, temperatures of upper surface, relief of the base and thickness of the ice sheet along the flowlines in the western and eastern parts of the ice sheet, as well as experimental data on ice rheology.The computations show that traces of the climatic minimum that took place about 18 000 years ago are found in the temperature field of the Antarctic ice sheet.The model developed has proved that warming of climate due to the “greenhouse effect” leads to significant changes in the thermal regime in the upper parts of the ice sheet, but will not lead to conditions threatening bottom layers.

scholarly journals Some notes on radiation and long‐term climatic variations

Atmosphere ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
H. L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Variations
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