Vestibular Neuritis (Neurolabyrinthitis) and Other Peripheral Vestibulopathies: Detection of Inferior Vestibular Nerve Damage

2009 ◽  
pp. 60-72
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Damage ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Neuritis ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve

scholarly journals Vestibular Nerve Atrophy After Vestibular Neuritis – Results from a Prospective High-Resolution MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (09) ◽  
pp. 854-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Freund ◽  
Frank Weber ◽  
Daniel Schneider ◽  
Ulrich Mayer ◽  
Marc Scheithauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Neuritis ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Paresis ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Mri Study

Purpose Sudden unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit is mostly termed vestibular neuritis (VN), even if its cause or the exact location of the lesion remains unclear. Thus, therapy is mostly symptomatic. We aimed to prove if there is peripheral atrophy after VN with persistent canal paresis. Methods After approval by the ethics committee and according to the declaration of Helsinki and with informed consent, ten patients with persistent canal paresis after VN and ten age-matched healthy controls were included. High-resolution measurement (in-plane resolution 0.2 mm) of the internal auditory canal (IAC) using a 3 D CISS sequence at 3 Tesla was performed. The course of the pertaining nerves was reconstructed in the 3 D dataset and the measurement was performed at 60 % of the length of the IAC. The cross-sectional areas of the superior (SVN) and inferior vestibular nerve (IVN) were taken independently by two blinded readers. Results The interrater difference regarding the area was 22 %. We found significant atrophy of the SVN with a 24 % smaller area (p = 0.026) and found a smaller ratio of SVN/IVN on the symptomatic side (p = 0.017). Concerning single subject data, only 5 patients showed extensive atrophy of the NVS, while 5 patients did not. The time since symptom onset did not significantly influence the atrophy. Conclusion MRI measuring of the area of the NVS after VN could detect atrophy after VN. However, only 5 patients exhibited marked atrophy, while the other 5 patients did not. With the background of stringent inclusion criteria (more than 6 months of symptom duration and proven persistent canal paresis), one has to wonder if there might be different etiologies behind the apparently identical symptoms. Key Points:  Citation Format

scholarly journals Differential Involvement during Latent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of the Superior and Inferior Divisions of the Vestibular Ganglia: Implications for Vestibular Neuritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Himmelein ◽  
Anja Lindemann ◽  
Inga Sinicina ◽  
Anja K. E. Horn ◽  
Thomas Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Neuritis ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Superior Part ◽  
New Information ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

ABSTRACT Controversy still surrounds both the etiology and pathophysiology of vestibular neuritis (VN). Especially uncertain is why the superior vestibular nerve (SVN) is more frequently affected than the inferior vestibular nerve (IVN), which is partially or totally spared. To address this question, we developed an improved method for preparing human vestibular ganglia (VG) and nerve. Subsequently, macro- and microanatomical as well as PCR studies were performed on 38 human ganglia from 38 individuals. The SVN was 2.4 mm longer than the IVN, and in 65% of the cases, the IVN ran in two separate bony canals, which was not the case for the SVN. Anastomoses between the facial and cochlear nerves were more common for the SVN (14/38 and 9/38, respectively) than for the IVN (7/38 and 2/38, respectively). Using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we found only a few latently herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-infected VG (18.4%). In cases of two separate neuronal fields, infected neurons were located in the superior part only. In summary, these PCR and micro- and macroanatomical studies provide possible explanations for the high frequency of SVN infection in vestibular neuritis. IMPORTANCE Vestibular neuritis is known to affect the superior part of the vestibular nerve more frequently than the inferior part. The reason for this clinical phenomenon remains unclear. Anatomical differences may play a role, or if latent HSV-1 infection is assumed, the etiology may be due to the different distribution of the infection. To shed further light on this subject, we conducted different macro- and microanatomical studies. We also assessed the presence of HSV-1 in VG and in different sections of the VG. Our findings add new information on the macro- and microanatomy of the VG as well as the pathophysiology of vestibular neuritis. We also show that latent HSV-1 infection of VG neurons is less frequent than previously reported.

Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential in patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis: abnormal VEMP and its recovery

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Ochi ◽  
Toru Ohashi ◽  
Shoji Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Neuritis ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential ◽  
Caloric Testing ◽  
Myogenic Potential ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve

The incidence of inferior vestibular nerve disorders in patients suffering from unilateral vestibular neuritis and the recovery of these disorders were evaluated by monitoring the vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP). Eight patients ranged from 21 to 73 years that suffered from unilateral vestibular neuritis underwent VEMP and caloric testing. Abnormal VEMP was observed in two of the eight patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis. Two patients were diagnosed as having an inferior vestibular nerve disorder. One of these patients showed recovery of the inferior vestibular nerve function as assessed by the VEMP. Disorders of the inferior vestibular nerve function and their recovery was confirmed by our current results. The time course of recoveries of the superior and inferior vestibular nerve systems were similar in the two patients.

Imaging case study: enlarged superior vestibular nerve canal with sensorineural hearing loss

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
M I Redleaf ◽  
J M Pinto ◽  
J J Klemens
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve

AbstractObjective:We report a new temporal bone anomaly – an enlarged superior vestibular nerve canal – associated with sensorineural hearing loss.Case report:A 10-month-old male infant presented with sensorineural hearing loss together with bilaterally enlarged superior vestibular nerve canals. Compared with published temporal bone computed tomography measurements, our patient's canals were normal in length but approximately double the normal width. In addition, careful review of the imaging did not clearly identify a bony wedge between the superior and inferior vestibular nerve canals.Conclusion:Enlarged superior vestibular nerve canal malformation may be a marker for sensorineural hearing loss. Increased vigilance amongst otologists may establish the prevalence of this anomaly and its possible effects on hearing.

Anatomic Differences in the Lateral Vestibular Nerve Channels and their Implications in Vestibular Neuritis

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Gianoli ◽  
Joel Goebel ◽  
Sarah Mowry ◽  
Paul Poomipannit
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Neuritis

Methodology for Skull Tap Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (Tap-cVEMP)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Paulina Glinka ◽  
Magdalena Lachowska ◽  
Kazimierz Niemczyk
Keyword(s):  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ◽  
Nerve Bundle ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
Nerve Bundles ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve

Objective: The aim of this study is to present a methodology of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials registered from sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) using skull tap stimulation (Tap-cVEMP) in a patient with cerebellopontine angle tumor (CPAT). Material and methods: A 23-year-old female with CPAT. The methodology of Tap-cVEMP is introduced. The results of VEMP is confronted with surgical information about the tumor. Results: The results of AC-cVEMP and Tap-cVEMP revealed the inferior vestibular nerve bundle to be affected by the tumor with intact superior bundle. Information obtained from VEMP was confirmed during surgery. Conclusion: Skull Tap Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (Tap-cVEMP) may be the useful method in the diagnostics of CPAT. AC-cVEMP and Tap-cVEMP may be helpful to evaluate the functional integrity of both vestibular nerve bundles providing the information about their involvement in the pathological process.

Effects of unilateral dysfunction of the inferior vestibular nerve system on postural stability

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 1279-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Fujimoto ◽  
Toshihisa Murofushi ◽  
Yasuhiro Chihara ◽  
Munetaka Ushio ◽  
Takuhiro Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Nerve System

Infrared/Video Eng Recording of Eye Movements to Evaluate the Inferior Vestibular Nerve Using the Minimal Caloric Test

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred H. Linthicum ◽  
Ron Waldorf ◽  
William M. Luxford ◽  
Sharon Caltogirone
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
High Frequency Hearing Loss ◽  
Vestibular Response ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Brainstem Response

The technique was originally developed to test the inferior vestibular nerve in tumor suspects whose high-frequency hearing loss exceeded the capabilities of the auditory brainstem response tests and whose electronystagmographic results showed no significantly reduced vestibular response. The test has subsequently been found effective to demonstrate persistent singular nerve fiber function in patients with persistent vertigo after retrolabyrinthine vestibular nerve section.

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