Hazard Rates Based on Isoprobability Contours

1981 ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Goodman ◽  
Samuel Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Rates

Load-Sharing Reliability Models with Different Component Sensitivities to Other Components’ Working States

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rychlik ◽  
Fabio Spizzichino
Keyword(s):  
Order Statistics ◽  
Load Sharing ◽  
Single Component ◽  
Generalized Order Statistics ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Reliability Models ◽  
Mixtures Of Distributions ◽  
Failure Times ◽  
Generalized Order

AbstractWe study the distributions of component and system lifetimes under the time-homogeneous load-sharing model, where the multivariate conditional hazard rates of working components depend only on the set of failed components, and not on their failure moments or the time elapsed from the start of system operation. Then we analyze its time-heterogeneous extension, in which the distributions of consecutive failure times, single component lifetimes, and system lifetimes coincide with mixtures of distributions of generalized order statistics. Finally we focus on some specific forms of the time-nonhomogeneous load-sharing model.

scholarly journals Small High-Risk Uveal Melanomas Have a Lower Mortality Rate

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2267
Author(s):  
Rumana N. Hussain ◽  
Sarah E. Coupland ◽  
Helen Kalirai ◽  
Azzam F. G. Taktak ◽  
Antonio Eleuteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Watch And Wait ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Monosomy 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oncology Centre ◽  
Uveal Melanomas

Our aim was to determine whether size impacts on the difference in metastatic mortality of genetically high-risk (monosomy 3) uveal melanomas (UM). We undertook a retrospective analysis of data from a patient cohort with genetically characterized UM. All patients treated for UM in the Liverpool Ocular Oncology Centre between 2007 and 2014, who had a prognostic genetic tumor analysis. Patients were subdivided into those with small (≤2.5 mm thickness) and large (>2.5 mm thickness) tumors. Survival analyses were performed using Gray rank statistics to calculate absolute probabilities of dying as a result of metastatic UM. The 5-year absolute risk of metastatic mortality of those with small monosomy 3 UM was significantly lower (23%) compared to the larger tumor group (50%) (p = 0.003). Small disomy 3 UM also had a lower absolute risk of metastatic mortality (0.8%) than large disomy 3 UM (6.4%) (p = 0.007). Hazard rates showed similar differences even with lead time bias correction estimates. We therefore conclude that earlier treatment of all small UM, particularly monosomy 3 UM, reduces the risk of metastatic disease and death. Our results would support molecular studies of even small UM, rather than ‘watch-and-wait strategies’.

scholarly journals Multivariate Hazard Rates under Random Censorship

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-David Fermanian
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Random Censorship

scholarly journals Pupil response hazard rates predict perceived gaze durations

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Binetti ◽  
Charlotte Harrison ◽  
Isabelle Mareschal ◽  
Alan Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Pupil Response

Annual hazard rates of recurrence for breast cancer after primary therapy.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2738-2746 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Saphner ◽  
D C Tormey ◽  
R Gray
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Differentiating Agents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lower Hazard

PURPOSE To determine if the long-term increase of recurrence for breast cancer is stable or slowly decreasing, or if it ever reaches zero; and to determine the effect of prognostic factors on the hazard of recurrence. METHODS All patients entered onto the seven completed and unblinded Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) coordinated studies of postoperative adjuvant therapy for breast cancer were analyzed in terms of annual hazard of recurrence of breast cancer. RESULTS For the entire group, the peak hazard of recurrence occurred in the interval of 1 to 2 years. The hazard decreased consistently in the interval of 2 to 5 years. Beyond 5 years, the hazard of recurrence decreased very, very slowly through year 12. The average hazard of recurrence between years 5 and 12 for the entire population was 4.3% per year. The pattern of a peak hazard of recurrence during the first 5 years with a slowly decreasing hazard of recurrence beyond 5 years was also observed to varying degrees in most subsets. Higher risk subsets such as patients with more than three nodes positive had a higher hazard of recurrence at all time intervals, while lower risk subsets such as patients with negative nodes had a lower hazard of recurrence in all time periods. CONCLUSION Patients 5 years postsurgery for breast cancer appear to have a very slowly decreasing hazard of recurrence. The mean hazard of recurrence between years 5 to 12 postsurgery is 4.3% per year. This group of patients may be well suited for trials evaluating cytostatic drugs or differentiating agents.

A note on hazard rates of order statistics

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4133-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
koiti Takahasi
Keyword(s):  
Order Statistics ◽  
Hazard Rates

Work seniority as a determinant of employment intensity

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Beata Bieszk-Stolorz
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Event History ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Employment History ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research Material ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to analyse the intensity of unemployment leaving in relation to the length of an unemployed person’s work seniority. A hypothesis was made that its intensity changes depending of that person’s employment history and on its gender as well as education. The research material consisted of individual data of 21,398 unemployed people registered by the Poviat Labour Office (PUP) in Szczecin in 2012 and observed throughout 2013. The author used the event history analysis, which was conducted in three steps. First, the author assessed the likelihood of remaining unemployed depending on the unemployment period. Secondly, she divided the registered unemployed into groups according to their employment history and determined the relationship between the employment intensity and the span of time when the members of those groups remained registered in PUP. In the third step, she used the average hazard rates to compare the intensities of unemployment leaving in individual groups.

scholarly journals Cumulative inertia or cumulative stress? Migration behaviour of Finnish graduates

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Haapanen ◽  
Hannu Tervo
Keyword(s):  
Labour Migration ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Cumulative Stress ◽  
Migration Behaviour ◽  
Repeat Migration ◽  
Over Time

An interesting yet largely unstudied question regarding labour migration behaviour and residence duration is whether migration becomes more or less likely over time. This paper analyses the determinants of residence duration for Finnish graduates. Our results affirm the importance of cumulative inertia as a determinant of migration. The longer a person stays in a region, the smaller are the hazard rates of migration. However, for those graduates who moved to a new region during their year of graduation, the propensity for repeat migration is particularly high during their first three years of residence. 

scholarly journals A micro-analysis of Irish firm deaths during the financial crisis (2006–2010)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Bernadette Power ◽  
Geraldine Ryan ◽  
Justin Doran
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Hazard Rates ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Established Firms ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Industry Conditions

AbstractThis paper examines differences in the hazard rates of young, established and mature firms during the financial crisis, using microdata from more than 300,000 Irish firms. The findings confirm that firm size at the time of the crisis had the largest impact on the probability of exit. The liability of smallness was pronounced in mature cohorts. Industry conditions had a considerable effect on the hazard rate of young cohorts, as opposed to mature counterparts. Interestingly, agglomeration raised the hazard rates of younger cohorts only. By contrast, attributes of the labour force of the region largely influenced the hazard rates of more established firms. Firms founded before the crisis were significantly less likely to exit in the aftermath of the crisis, in comparison with firms founded just before or during the crisis, whereas more mature firms seem to be more sensitive to the economic cycle.

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