Sociological Questions in Open Learning Standards and the Learner Environment

Paulo Freire and Ivan Illich are prominent figures in contemporary education, who broke the stable system of education. Paulo Freire suggests to stop bank style education and to promote andragogy education, which views both teacher and students equally. Education should be actualized through facing problems and should be able to omit naïve and magic awareness replaced with critical and transformative awareness. Different from Freire, Illich offers to free the society from formal schools. Education should be run in an open learning network. Technical skills can be taught by drilling. In addition, social transformation will happen only if there are epimethean people that are minority in existence.

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Open learning—a new training initiative for CAE

Computer-Aided Engineering Journal ◽

10.1049/cae.1986.0014 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

P.J. Lucas

Keyword(s):

Open Learning ◽

Training Initiative

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Commentary on “Alignment Between Children’s Numeracy Performance, the Kindergarten Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, and State-Level Early Learning Standards”

AERA Open ◽

10.1177/23328584211017148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 233285842110171

Author(s):

Karen C. Fuson ◽

Douglas H. Clements ◽

Julie Sarama

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Common Core ◽

Common Core State Standards ◽

Mathematics Learning ◽

Opportunity To Learn ◽

State Level ◽

State Standards ◽

Core State ◽

Learning Standards ◽

Early Learning Standards

Litkowski et al. compare preschoolers’ performance on three counting items to various standards. We clarify that the items Litkowski and colleagues found to be too easy for kindergarten were actually goals for 4s/PKs in the National Research Council’s report Mathematics Learning in Early Childhood: Paths Toward Excellence and Equity but that they were included as kindergarten standards to ensure that all children had an opportunity to learn these crucial competencies. The helpful analysis in their article of the variability across present state early childhood standards indicates that the kindergarten Common Core State Standards–Mathematics need to remain unchanged for the same reason. We suggest that research funding in early childhood is better spent on research on high-quality instructional contexts for all children than on survey research. And we address the important question of what more-advanced children should learn in kindergarten by pairing standards those children already know with crucial standards that need a lot of time and attention.

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English Language Standards in California, China and Mexico: History, Comparison, and Analysis

Interchange ◽

10.1007/s10780-021-09432-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li Na ◽

Jolene Castillo Gregory ◽

Kip Téllez

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Language Instruction ◽

Theoretical Orientations ◽

Professional Educators ◽

Learning Standards ◽

Teaching Standards ◽

Grammatical Accuracy ◽

Improve Instruction ◽

New Guidelines ◽

Standards Movement

AbstractLearning standards have become a prominent feature for schools and school systems worldwide. Our paper describes the development of recent English teaching standards in California, China, and Mexico, as well as analyzing them for their theoretical orientations. We begin with an overview and critique of the standards movement. Our analysis of the standards in California, China, and Mexico reveals a substantial shift from a grammatical accuracy focused approach towards a communicative approach to language instruction. While this turn may be welcomed by professional educators, there are practical policy questions to be answered. We end our paper by noting additional challenges to implementing the new standards. Our general assessment is that the authors of the standards firmly believe that the new guidelines will improve instruction.

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