Transgenic Apple Plants Expressing Viral EPS-Depolymerase: Evaluation of Resistance to the Phytopathogenic Bacterium Erwinia amylovora

2003 ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viola Hanke ◽  
Klaus Geider ◽  
Klaus Richter
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Transgenic Apple

scholarly journals HIPM Is a Susceptibility Gene of Malus spp.: Reduced Expression Reduces Susceptibility to Erwinia amylovora

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Campa ◽  
Stefano Piazza ◽  
Laura Righetti ◽  
Chang-Sik Oh ◽  
Lorenza Conterno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Oxygen Evolving ◽  
Transgenic Apple

Fire blight, a devastating disease caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a major threat to apple crop production. To improve our understanding of the fire blight disease and to identify potential strategies to control the pathogen, we studied the apple protein HIPM (for HrpN-interacting protein from Malus spp.), which has previously been identified as interacting with the E. amylovora effector protein HrpN. Transgenic apple plants were generated with reduced HIPM expression, using an RNA interference construct, and were subsequently analyzed for susceptibility to E. amylovora infection. Lines exhibiting a greater than 50% silencing of HIPM expression showed a significant decrease in susceptibility to E. amylovora infection. Indeed, a correlation between HIPM expression and E. amylovora infection was identified, demonstrating the crucial role of HIPM during fire blight disease progression. Furthermore, an apple oxygen-evolving enhancer-like protein (MdOEE) was identified via a yeast two-hybrid screen to interact with HIPM. This result was confirmed with bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and leads to new hypotheses concerning the response mechanism of the plant to E. amylovora as well as the mechanism of infection of the bacterium. These results suggest that MdOEE and, particularly, HIPM are promising targets for further investigations toward the genetic improvement of apple.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Peptide-rich Fraction from Xenorhabdus budapestensis Culture against Fire Blight Disease on Apple Blossoms

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid VOZIK ◽  
Katalin BÉLAFI-BAKÓ ◽  
Mária HEVESI ◽  
Erzsébet BÖSZÖRMÉNYI ◽  
András FODOR
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Test Method ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Protection Potential ◽  
Blight Disease

Erwinia amylovora is one of the most frequently occurred plant pathogenic bacterium. It causes necrosis and blight symptoms on host plantsand it lead to considerable yield losses throughout the world on apple trees. There is no effective chemical treatment is currently available against fire blight. The purpose of the present study was to search a new, alternative control method. The evaluation of the plant protection potential of an enriched fraction of Xenorhabdus budapestensis cell-free conditioned media was investigated. Purified samples were tested in vitro and in plantaagainst the phytopathogenic bacterium. A reproducible method for isolation of a peptide-rich fraction from Xenorhabdus cell-free conditionedmedia was established. The process resulted in 400 mg of dry sample prepared from three litres of Xenorhabdus cell culture. Significant correlation was found between the concentration of the purified preparation and the induced inactivation zones against Erwinia amylovora Ea1 in agardiffusion test method. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the purified fraction against Ea1strain were 8 ;g/mL and 16 ;g/mL, respectively. In planta experiments were tested on an apple cultivar (‘Watson Jonathan’) susceptible to fireblight. The effective range of concentration was 62-200 μg/mL, while treatment with 300 μg/mL and larger amounts caused necrotic symptomson the petals of flowers. Current study pointed to the effectiveness of the compounds produced by X. budapestensis against fire blight. Thedevelopment of a commercially applicable formulation of these compounds would allow growers to effectively control fire blight in apple and pearorchards.

Application of commercial test-systems to identify gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patyka ◽  
L. Butsenko ◽  
L. Pasichnyk
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Test System ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Facultatively Anaerobic ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Aim. To validate the suitability of commercial API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) for the identifi cation and characterization of facultative gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial isolates. Methods. Conventional mi- crobiological methods, API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Re- sults. The identifi cation results for Erwinia amylovora, Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pantoea agglome- rans isolates were derived from the conventional and API 20E test systems, which, were in line with the literature data for these species. The API 20E test-system showed high suitability for P. agglomerans isolates identifi cation. Although not all the species of facultatively anaerobic phytopathogenic bacteria may be identi- fi ed using API 20E test-system, its application will surely allow obtaining reliable data about their physiologi- cal and biochemical properties, valuable for identifi cation of bacteria, in the course of 24 h. Conclusions. The results of tests, obtained for investigated species while using API 20E test-system, and those of conventional microbiological methods coincided. The application of API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) ensures fast obtain- ing of important data, which may be used to identify phytopathogenic bacteria of Erwinia, Pectobacterium, Pantoea genera.

Fire Blight Susceptibility in Pyrus Germplasm from Eastern Europe

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. van der Zwet ◽  
R.L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Plant Exploration ◽  
Moderately Resistant

During 1976-1980, three plant exploration trips were made throughout eastern Europe in search of native Pyrus germplasm. A total of 384 accessions (231 from Yugoslavia, 86 from Romania, 43 from Poland, and 12 each from Hungary and Czechoslovakia) were collected as budwood and propagated at the National Plant Germplasm Quarantine Center in Glenn Dale, Md. Following 8 years of exposure to the fire blight bacterium [Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winsl. et al.], 17.49” of the accessions remained uninfected, 11.2% rated resistant, 6.8% moderately resistant, and 64.6% blighted severely (26% to 100% of tree blighted). Some of the superior accessions have been released for use in the pear breeding program.

scholarly journals Plant nitrate supply regulates Erwinia amylovora virulence gene expression in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Farjad ◽  
Gilles Clément ◽  
Alban Launay ◽  
Roua Jeridi ◽  
Sylvie Jolivet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrate Supply

scholarly journals Isolation and efficacy of two bacterial strains antagonists of Erwinia amylovora and Pectobacterium carotovorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M’hamed BENADA ◽  
Boualem BOUMAAZA ◽  
Sofiane BOUDALIA ◽  
Omar KHALADI
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background The development of ecofriendly tools against plant diseases is an important issue in crop protection. Screening and selection process of bacterial strains antagonists of 2 pathogenic bacterial species that limit very important crops, Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of the fire blight disease, and Pectobacterium carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial potato soft rot, were reported. Bacterial colonies were isolated from different ecological niches, where both pathogens were found: rhizosphere of potato tubers and fruits and leaves of pear trees from the northwest region of Algeria. Direct and indirect confrontation tests against strains of E. amylovora and P. carotovorum were performed. Results Results showed a significant antagonistic activity against both phytopathogenic species, using direct confrontation method and supernatants of cultures (p<0.005). In vitro assays showed growth inhibitions of both phytopathogenic species. Furthermore, results revealed that the strains of S. plymuthica had a better inhibitory effect than the strains of P. fluorescens against both pathogens. In vivo results on immature pear fruits showed a significant decrease in the progression of the fire blight symptoms, with a variation in the infection index from one antagonistic strain to another between 31.3 and 50%, and slice of potato showed total inhibition of the pathogen (P. carotovorum) by the antagonistic strains of Serratia plymuthica (p<0.005). Conclusion This study highlighted that the effective bacteria did not show any infection signs towards plant tissue, and considered as a potential strategy to limit the fire blight and soft rot diseases.

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