Hepatitis D virus (HDV) (Hepatitis delta)

1994 ◽  
pp. 173-183
Author(s):  
Hugh Young ◽  
Marie Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus

The Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus in Reactive HBsAg Blood Donors at Department of Pathology, LUMHS Jamshoro

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3126-3129
Author(s):  
Sadia Akbar ◽  
Nazia Mumtaz ◽  
Sana Fatema ◽  
Ikram Din Ujjan ◽  
Kiran Aamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis Delta Virus ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Civil Hospital ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
Delta Virus

Background: The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective hepatotropic virus that only affects patients infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Infection with the hepatitis delta virus can cause acute hepatitis, including the fulminant presentation or spontaneously resolving infection and chronic infection Aim: The present study's aim was to determine the prevalence of the Hepatitis D virus in reactive HBsAg blood donors at Diagnostic and Research Lab Hyderabad. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 434 blood donors at the Pathology department (Diagnostic and Research Laboratory) Civil Hospital, Hyderabad from January 2017 to December 2017. All the healthy individuals who visited at Diagnostic and Research Laboratory of Civil Hospital, LUMHS Hyderabad as blood donors with specific age groups of either gender were included in this study. All the individuals underwent Hepatitis screening. All of those cases that were noted with positive HBV further underwent HDV screening test. All the data was recorded in the proforma for the purposed of analysis. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 434 blood donors, 420 (96.8%) were male and 14 (3.2%) were female. The overall mean age was 31.65±4.67 years with an age range of 18 to 60 years. Out of 434, the incidence of positive delta virus was 62 (14.3%) while the remaining 372 (85.7%) were negative delta hepatitis blood donors. The prevalence of delta hepatitis blood donors with respect to age distribution were as follows; 18-30 years had 208 (48%), 31-40 years had 188 (27%), 41-50 years 69 (16%), and 51-60 years 39 (9%). Of the total 62 positive delta hepatitis, the prevalence of males and females was 98.4% and 1.6% respectively. All the donor’s blood group was divided into +O, +B, +A, +AB, -O, -A, and –B with their respective prevalence was 48.6%, 22.6%. 11.5%, 8.8%, 2.5%, 3.5%, and 2.5% whereas their frequency in positive tested delta hepatitis was 36 (58.1%), 7 (11.3%), 10 (16.1%), 6 (9.7%), 1 (1.6%), 2 (3.2%), and 0 (0%) respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that the prevalence of HDV is 14.3% in Hepatitis B reactive healthy donors. This is a higher prevalence as compared to previously published studies. No such adequate recent data is available at the local level. More research is needed on this event, to provide adequate knowledge, which will be helpful to clinical and laboratory investigators, and physicians to reduce the burden of liver disease caused by HBV and HDV co-infection. Keywords: Hepatitis delta virus; HBsAg reactivity; Blood donors;

Hepatitis D virus-specific cytokine responses in patients with chronic hepatitis delta before and during interferon alfa-treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1395-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Grabowski ◽  
Cihan Yurdaydìn ◽  
Kalliopi Zachou ◽  
Peter Buggisch ◽  
Wolf P. Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Interferon Alfa ◽  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
Cytokine Responses

Immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis D virus in monitoring chronic hepatitis delta

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo D. Poggio ◽  
Silvia Colombo ◽  
Maurizio Zaccanelli ◽  
Alberto Rosti
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus

scholarly journals Hepatitis D virus in 2021: virology, immunology and new treatment approaches for a difficult-to-treat disease

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323888
Author(s):  
Stephan Urban ◽  
Christoph Neumann-Haefelin ◽  
Pietro Lampertico
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus

Approximately 5% of individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are coinfected with hepatitis D virus (HDV). Chronic HBV/HDV coinfection is associated with an unfavourable outcome, with many patients developing liver cirrhosis, liver failure and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma within 5–10 years. The identification of the HBV/HDV receptor and the development of novel in vitro and animal infection models allowed a more detailed study of the HDV life cycle in recent years, facilitating the development of specific antiviral drugs. The characterisation of HDV-specific CD4+ and CD8+T cell epitopes in untreated and treated patients also permitted a more precise understanding of HDV immunobiology and possibly paves the way for immunotherapeutic strategies to support upcoming specific therapies targeting viral or host factors. Pegylated interferon-α has been used for treating HDV patients for the last 30 years with only limited sustained responses. Here we describe novel treatment options with regard to their mode of action and their clinical effectiveness. Of those, the entry-inhibitor bulevirtide (formerly known as myrcludex B) received conditional marketing authorisation in the European Union (EU) in 2020 (Hepcludex). One additional drug, the prenylation inhibitor lonafarnib, is currently under investigation in phase III clinical trials. Other treatment strategies aim at targeting hepatitis B surface antigen, including the nucleic acid polymer REP2139Ca. These recent advances in HDV virology, immunology and treatment are important steps to make HDV a less difficult-to-treat virus and will be discussed.

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