scholarly journals Assessment of DNA Damage Induction in Farm Animals After the FNPP Accident

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Asako J. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Farm Animals

scholarly journals Complete Chromatin Decondensation of Pig Sperm Is Required to Analyze Sperm DNA Breaks With the Comet Assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Ribas-Maynou ◽  
Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez ◽  
Estela Garcia-Bonavila ◽  
Elisabeth Pinart ◽  
Marc Yeste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Chromatin Decondensation ◽  
Sperm Dna

Sperm quality is usually evaluated prior to artificial insemination in farm animals. In addition to conventional semen analysis, other biomarkers, such as mitochondrial activity, integrity and lipid disorder of plasma membrane, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm DNA integrity, have been found to be related to fertility rates in different species. While mounting evidence indicates that the Comet assay is a sensitive method for the detection of DNA breaks, complete sperm chromatin decondensation is required in order to properly analyze the presence of single- and double-strand DNA breaks. In this sense, a previous study showed that longer lysis treatment with proteinase K is needed to achieve complete chromatin decondensation. The current work sought to determine which specific lysis treatment leads to complete chromatin decondensation in pig sperm, as this is needed for the measurement of DNA damage in this species. With this purpose, incubation with a lysis solution containing proteinase K for 0, 30, and 180 min was added to the conventional protocol. The impact of the DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 0.01 and 0.1%) and DNAse I (1U and 4U) was also evaluated. Complete chromatin decondensation was only achieved when a long additional lysis treatment (180 min) was included. Furthermore, olive tail moment (OTM) and percentage of tail DNA (TD) indicated that a higher amount of DNA breaks was detected when hydrogen peroxide and DNAse I treatments were applied (P < 0.05). The comparison of treated and control sperm allowed defining the thresholds for OTM; these thresholds revealed that the percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA determined by the alkaline Comet does not depend on chromatin decondensation (P > 0.05). In conclusion, complete chromatin decondensation prior to alkaline and neutral Comet assays is needed to analyze DNA breaks in pig sperm.

1576: Prediction of Spermatozoal DNA Damage by a Novel Semen Quality Score

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 416-416
Author(s):  
Tamer M. Said ◽  
Shyam Allamaneni ◽  
Kiran P. Nallella ◽  
Rakesh K. Sharma ◽  
Sijo J. Parekattil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Quality Score

A safe fix for alcohol-derived DNA damage

Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 579 (7800) ◽  
pp. 499-500
Author(s):  
Irene Gallina ◽  
Julien P. Duxin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage

DNA damage is involved in UV-induced immunosuppression

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
J Garssen
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage

Use of the comet assay to measure DNA damage in cells exposed to photosensitizers and gamma radiation

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Pouget ◽  
J.-L. Ravanat ◽  
T. Douki ◽  
M.-J. Richard ◽  
J. Cadet
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
In Cells

Bestimmung der DNA-Schädigung in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S64-S68
Author(s):  
E. Dikomey
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Cell Inactivation ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Break Repair

SummaryIonising irradiation acts primarily via induction of DNA damage, among which doublestrand breaks are the most important lesions. These lesions may lead to lethal chromosome aberrations, which are the main reason for cell inactivation. Double-strand breaks can be repaired by several different mechanisms. The regulation of these mechanisms appears be fairly different for normal and tumour cells. Among different cell lines capacity of doublestrand break repair varies by only few percents and is known to be determined mostly by genetic factors. Knowledge about doublestrand break repair mechanisms and their regulation is important for the optimal application of ionising irradiation in medicine.

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